Download or read book Severe Weather Forecast Decision Aid written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by . This book was released on 2018-09-21 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Severe Weather Forecast Decision Aid written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Completing the Forecast written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-10-09 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uncertainty is a fundamental characteristic of weather, seasonal climate, and hydrological prediction, and no forecast is complete without a description of its uncertainty. Effective communication of uncertainty helps people better understand the likelihood of a particular event and improves their ability to make decisions based on the forecast. Nonetheless, for decades, users of these forecasts have been conditioned to receive incomplete information about uncertainty. They have become used to single-valued (deterministic) forecasts (e.g., "the high temperature will be 70 degrees Farenheit 9 days from now") and applied their own experience in determining how much confidence to place in the forecast. Most forecast products from the public and private sectors, including those from the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service, continue this deterministic legacy. Fortunately, the National Weather Service and others in the prediction community have recognized the need to view uncertainty as a fundamental part of forecasts. By partnering with other segments of the community to understand user needs, generate relevant and rich informational products, and utilize effective communication vehicles, the National Weather Service can take a leading role in the transition to widespread, effective incorporation of uncertainty information into predictions. "Completing the Forecast" makes recommendations to the National Weather Service and the broader prediction community on how to make this transition.
Download or read book An Integrated Decision Making Model for Categorizing Weather Products and Decision Aids written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Airspace System s capacity will experience considerable growth in the next few decades. Weather adversely affects safe air travel. The FAA and NASA are working to develop new technologies that display weather information to support situation awareness and optimize pilot decision-making in avoiding hazardous weather. Understanding situation awareness and naturalistic decision-making is an important step in achieving this goal. Information representation and situation time stress greatly influence attentional resource allocation and working memory capacity, potentially obstructing accurate situation awareness assessments. Three naturalistic decision-making theories were integrated to provide an understanding of the levels of decision making incorporated in three operational situations and two conditions. The task characteristics associated with each phase of flight govern the level of situation awareness attained and the decision making processes utilized. Weather product s attributes and situation task characteristics combine to classify weather products according to the decision-making processes best supported. In addition, a graphical interface is described that affords intuitive selection of the appropriate weather product relative to the pilot s current flight situation.Elgin, Peter D. and Thomas, Rickey P.Langley Research CenterDECISION MAKING; NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM; WEATHER FORECASTING; CIVIL AVIATION; AIR TRANSPORTATION; MODELS; SITUATIONAL AWARENESS; COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION; RUNWAYS; AUTOMATIC CONTROL; TURBULENCE; ALGORITHMS
Download or read book Building Better Warning Partnerships written by Christopher R. Adams and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main focus of the Forum was on discussion groups working in four areas: (1) warning coordination and decision making, (2) communications technologies and formats, (3) critical information needs, and (4) warning dissemination to the public warning.
Download or read book Impact Planning Aids for Major Storms IPAMS A Homeland Defense Weather Disaster Decision Aid written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has developed a "red-amber-green" mission planning aid for Army commanders to advise them when and where the environmental conditions currently exceed (or are forecast to exceed) levels of "marginal" or "severe" impact to their systems, operations, or personnel. This Integrated Weather Effects Decision Aid (IWEDA) is successfully deployed today with U.S. Army combat weather teams around the world for Command and Control (C2) Battle Command and Command, Control, Communication, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) mission planning applications. IWEDA will be extended to enable key government decision makers and planners to more directly and automatically anticipate and understand the critical impacts and deleterious effects caused by major storms, severe/adverse weather, and hurricanes that affect resources, infrastructure, transportation, property, safety, and lives. This extension will produce a "Impact Planning Aids for Major Storms" (IPAMS), resulting in a national concept of "America ... Staying Ahead of the Storm."
Download or read book An Integrated Decision Making Model for Categorizing Weather Products and Decision Aids written by Peter D. Elgin and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Airspace System s capacity will experience considerable growth in the next few decades. Weather adversely affects safe air travel. The FAA and NASA are working to develop new technologies that display weather information to support situation awareness and optimize pilot decision-making in avoiding hazardous weather. Understanding situation awareness and naturalistic decision-making is an important step in achieving this goal. Information representation and situation time stress greatly influence attentional resource allocation and working memory capacity, potentially obstructing accurate situation awareness assessments. Three naturalistic decision-making theories were integrated to provide an understanding of the levels of decision making incorporated in three operational situations and two conditions. The task characteristics associated with each phase of flight govern the level of situation awareness attained and the decision making processes utilized. Weather product s attributes and situation task characteristics combine to classify weather products according to the decision-making processes best supported. In addition, a graphical interface is described that affords intuitive selection of the appropriate weather product relative to the pilot s current flight situation.
Download or read book Severe Weather Warnings An Interdisciplinary Approach written by William Donner and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-24 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive description and analysis of natural hazard warnings, drawing on perspectives from the social sciences, physical sciences, and interdisciplinary fields such as disaster studies to articulate a distinction between traditional warnings and what might be called interdisciplinary warnings. Traditional warnings approach warning technology, design, and application from a principally scientific and technical perspective. Human factors, while considered, often are of secondary concern. Interdisciplinary warnings, on the other hand, maintain a critical emphasis on the technical merits of warning systems, but also ask, “Will psychological and community factors such as culture and structure shape how the system is used, and, if so, can this information be incorporated into system design preemptively to make it more effective?” Given the absence of systematic work on interdisciplinary warnings, a book-length monograph discussing and synthesizing knowledge from the various fields focused on warnings and warning response is of critical importance to both academics and practitioners. Broadly conceived, the book presents readers with an in-depth overview of warnings, interdisciplinary research, and interdisciplinary collaboration. The book holds appeal for a very broad audience: scholars; practitioners; and academic, vocational, and technical instructors both in University and non-University settings. It is of interest to academic scholars due to the interdisciplinary treatment of warnings as well as the general presentation of up-to-date scholarship on warning theory. Additionally, scholars interested in interdisciplinary work in general and those focusing on disaster warnings find within the volume a framework for developing collaborative research partnerships with those from other disciplines. As well, the book offers practitioners --emergency managers, mitigation specialists, planners, etc. --a more comprehensive perspective on emergency response in practice, allowing for better development and application of warning policy. Finally, the book appeals to instructors both inside and outside the academy. The authors envision the book useful to professors teaching both graduate and undergraduate-level courses in Sociology of Disaster, Emergency Management Planning, Homeland Security, Disaster Response, Disaster Mitigation, and Business Continuity and Crisis Management. A robust market also exists among professional organizations, perhaps most notably FEMA, which offers countless online and in-person training courses via the National Training Program, Emergency Management Institute (EMI), and other venues.
Download or read book Severe Weather Decision Making in K 12 Schools written by Sarah Stalker and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Observations of Aircraft Proximity to Weather for Use in Rerouting Decision Aids written by Deborah S. Hyams and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Severe Weather Forecasting written by United States. Air Weather Service and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Extreme Weather Forecasting written by Marina Astitha and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-10-11 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extreme Weather Forecasting reviews current knowledge about extreme weather events, including key elements and less well-known variables to accurately forecast them. The book covers multiple temporal scales as well as components of current weather forecasting systems. Sections cover case studies on successful forecasting as well as the impacts of extreme weather predictability, presenting a comprehensive and model agnostic review of best practices for atmospheric scientists and others who utilize extreme weather forecasts. Reviews recent developments in numerical prediction for better forecasting of extreme weather events Covers causes and mechanisms of high impact extreme events and how to account for these variables when forecasting Includes numerous case studies on successful forecasting, outlining why they worked
Download or read book Geographic Differences in Emergency Management Decision making written by Holly Beth Lussenden and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tornadoes are one of the most dangerous meteorological hazards on a local scale. While tornadoes can occur virtually anywhere, response--and the processes that lead to it--can vary based on location. It is the task of an emergency manager (EM) to inform the public about the threat of impending weather. However, the completion of that task differs with each EM as various situational and cognitive factors are geographically dependent, such as tornado experience and training. A survey taken by emergency support function personnel within five National Weather Service weather forecast office locations is analyzed in conjunction with historical county tornado data to investigate the influences of various factors present while EMs make decisions. Perceptions of warning effectiveness, warning message priorities, and past tornadic activity are specifically evaluated for the purpose of discovering the communication needs EMs have in various locations. Results show that very few significant differences in response are geographically dependent and that false alarms have little effect on how EMs make subsequent severe weather decisions. The results from this research can provide meteorologists with the knowledge of specific EM decision-making needs, which will enable the EMs' tasks to be more effective and, in turn, they will be able to better protect the public during severe weather.
Download or read book National Severe Local Storms Operation Plan written by United States. Office of Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forecasting Success written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Oceans, Atmosphere, Fisheries, and Coast Guard and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Risk Levels for Rule Based Weather Decision Aids written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rules-based weather effects decision aids, such as the Tri-Service Integrated Weather Effects Decision Aid (T-IWEDA), is a "stop-light" type of decision aid. The rules that T-IWEDA uses for differentiating the stop-light boundaries do not sufficiently represent real-world conditions. Within each T-IWEDA band (red/yellow/green) significant variation may occur. According to Army FM-34-81-1, Battlefield Weather Effects, moderate impacts (yellow regions) cover from 25 to 75% reduced normal effectiveness. Within such a large region it is unrealistic to believe that there is not a further gradation of impacts, i.e. a slow transition from red to green, rather than three abrupt, unvarying regions. To mitigate this problem a series of weather specific curves, that transition from red to yellow to green in a continuous manner, have been developed using measured and modeled resources. Parametric curves have been developed for IR sensors, helicopters, and personnel working under varied weather conditions. For a given or forecast weather condition, these curves can be used to represent the level of risk for select systems, sub-systems or components. The technique and curves are applicable for TIWEDA and may also be used as a "penalty" within combat models.
Download or read book Thunderstorms Tornadoes Lightning Nature s Most Violent Storms a Preparedness Guide Including Tornado Safety Information for Schools written by National Weather Service (U.S.) and published by National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration. This book was released on 2014-07-28 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This illustrated guide showcases some facts about weather-related events and suggests life-saving actions you can take, if you find yourself in an unexpected situation resulting from a weather-related event. The goal of this booklet is to present you with details on how to recognize severe weather, be aware of your surroundings, and to encourage you to develop a plan to be ready to act when threatening weather approaches. Here is a bird's eye-view of the weather-related events that are covered in this guide with a few short facts about each that are also presented in the guide. Lightning... ¦ Causes an average of 55-60 fatalities and 400 injuries each year ¦ Occurs with all thunderstorms ¦ Costs more than $1 billion in insured losses each year Tornadoes... ¦ Cause an average of 60-65 fatalities and 1,500 injuries each year ¦ Can produce wind speeds in excess of 200 mph ¦ Can be 1 mile wide and stay on the ground over 50 miles Straight-line Winds... ¦ Can exceed 125 mph ¦ Can cause destruction equal to a tornado ¦ Are extremely dangerous to aviation Flash Floods and Floods... ¦ Are the #1 cause of deaths associated with thunderstorms, more than 90 fatalities each year Hail... ¦ Can be larger than a softball (5 inches in diameter) ¦ Causes more than $1 billion in crop and property damage each year Some helpful tips included in this guide include how quickly these weather-events can result to a devastating situation. Therefore, it emphasizes that by having a plan in place prior to the event that is practiced from time to time, will allow response actions to be positive rather than stressful. This resource also provides guidance on the type of items that should be included in an Emergency Supply Kit for use at home, office, school, or place of business. There is also a special section dedicated to schools and working with children during an unexpected weather emergency. This school section also includes proper inspections and maintenance of buildings, and recommends emergency drills to practice the school safety plans with children including handling of disabled personnel and/or children.
