Download or read book Self Reflection for the Opaque Mind written by T. Parent and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume attempts to solve a grave problem about critical self-reflection. The worry is that we critical thinkers are all in "epistemic bad faith" in light of what psychology tells us. After all, the research shows not merely that we are bad at detecting "ego-threatening" thoughts à la Freud. It also indicates that we are ignorant of even our ordinary thoughts—e.g., reasons for our moral judgments of others (Haidt 2001), and even mundane reasons for buying one pair of stockings over another! (Nisbett & Wilson 1977) However, reflection on one’s thoughts requires knowing what those thoughts are in the first place. So if ignorance is the norm, why attempt self-reflection? The activity would just display naivety about psychology. Yet while respecting all the data, this book argues that, remarkably, we are sometimes infallible in our self-discerning judgments. Even so, infallibility does not imply indubitability, and there is no Cartesian ambition to provide a "foundation" for empirical knowledge. The point is rather to explain how self-reflection as a rational activity is possible.
Download or read book Self Reflection for the Opaque Mind written by T. Parent and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume attempts to solve a grave problem about critical self-reflection. The worry is that we critical thinkers are all in "epistemic bad faith" in light of what psychology tells us. After all, the research shows not merely that we are bad at detecting "ego-threatening" thoughts à la Freud. It also indicates that we are ignorant of even our ordinary thoughts—e.g., reasons for our moral judgments of others (Haidt 2001), and even mundane reasons for buying one pair of stockings over another! (Nisbett & Wilson 1977) However, reflection on one’s thoughts requires knowing what those thoughts are in the first place. So if ignorance is the norm, why attempt self-reflection? The activity would just display naivety about psychology. Yet while respecting all the data, this book argues that, remarkably, we are sometimes infallible in our self-discerning judgments. Even so, infallibility does not imply indubitability, and there is no Cartesian ambition to provide a "foundation" for empirical knowledge. The point is rather to explain how self-reflection as a rational activity is possible.
Download or read book The Opacity of Mind written by Peter Carruthers and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013-08 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do we have introspective access to our own thoughts? Peter Carruthers challenges the consensus that we do: he argues that access to our own thoughts is always interpretive, grounded in perceptual awareness and sensory imagery. He proposes a bold new theory of self-knowledge, with radical implications for understanding of consciousness and agency.
Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics written by Ricki Bliss and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-07-14 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophical questions regarding the nature and methodology of philosophical inquiry have garnered much attention in recent years. Perhaps nowhere are these discussions more developed than in relation to the field of metaphysics. The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics is an outstanding reference source to this growing subject. It comprises thirty-eight chapters written by leading international contributors, and is arranged around five themes: • The history of metametaphysics • Neo-Quineanism (and its objectors) • Alternative conceptions of metaphysics • The epistemology of metaphysics • Science and metaphysics. Essential reading for students and researchers in metaphysics, philosophical methodology, and ontology, The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics will also be of interest to those in closely related subjects such as philosophy of language, logic, and philosophy of science.
Download or read book Philosophical and Scientific Perspectives on Downward Causation written by Michele Paolini Paoletti and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-02-17 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Downward causation plays a fundamental role in many theories of metaphysics and philosophy of mind. It is strictly connected with many topics in philosophy, including but not limited to: emergence, mental causation, the nature of causation, the nature of causal powers and dispositions, laws of nature, and the possibility of ontological and epistemic reductions. Philosophical and Scientific Perspectives on Downward Causation brings together experts from different fields—including William Bechtel, Stewart Clark and Tom Lancaster, Carl Gillett, John Heil, Robin F. Hendry, Max Kistler, Stephen Mumford and Rani Lill Anjum —who delve into classic and unexplored lines of philosophical inquiry related to downward causation. It critically assesses the possibility of downward causation given different ontological assumptions and explores the connection between downward causation and the metaphysics of causation and dispositions. Finally, it presents different cases of downward causation in empirical fields such as physics, chemistry, biology and the neurosciences. This volume is both a useful introduction and a collection of original contributions on this fascinating and hotly debated philosophical topic.
Download or read book Aesthetic Disinterestedness written by Thomas Hilgers and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The notion of disinterestedness is often conceived of as antiquated or ideological. In spite of this, Hilgers argues that one cannot reject it if one wishes to understand the nature of art. He claims that an artwork typically asks a person to adopt a disinterested attitude towards what it shows, and that the effect of such an adoption is that it makes the person temporarily lose the sense of herself, while enabling her to gain a sense of the other. Due to an artwork’s particular wealth, multiperspectivity, and dialecticity, the engagement with it cannot culminate in the construction of world-views, but must initiate a process of self-critical thinking, which is a precondition of real self-determination. Ultimately, then, the aesthetic experience of art consists of a dynamic process of losing the sense of oneself, while gaining a sense of the other, and of achieving selfhood. In his book, Hilgers spells out the nature of this process by means of rethinking Kant’s and Schopenhauer’s aesthetic theories in light of more recent developments in philosophy–specifically in hermeneutics, critical theory, and analytic philosophy–and within the arts themselves–specifically within film and performance art.
Download or read book Intentionality in Sellars written by Luz Christopher Seiberth and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-15 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that Sellars’ theory of intentionality can be understood as an advancement of a transcendental philosophical approach. It shows how Sellars develops his theory of intentionality through his engagement with the theoretical philosophy of Immanuel Kant. The book delivers a provocative reinterpretation of one of the most problematic and controversial concepts of Sellars' philosophy: the picturing-relation. Sellars' theory of intentionality addresses the question of how to reconcile two aspects that seem opposed: the non-relational theory of intellectual and linguistic content and a causal-transcendental theory of representation inspired by the philosophy of the early Wittgenstein. The author explains how both parts cohere in a transcendental account of finite knowledge. He claims that this can only be achieved by reading Sellars as committed to a transcendental methodology inspired by Kant. In a final step, he brings his interpretation to bear on the contemporary metaphilosophical debate on pragmatism and expressivism. Intentionality in Sellars will be of interest to scholars of Sellars and Kant, as well as researchers working in philosophy of mind, epistemology, and the history of nineteenth- and twentieth-century philosophy.
Download or read book Isn t that Clever written by Steven Gimbel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-06-26 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Isn’t That Clever provides a new account of the nature of humor – the cleverness account – according to which humor is intentional conspicuous acts of playful cleverness. By defining humor in this way, answers can be found to longstanding questions about humor ethics (Are there jokes that are wrong to tell? Are there jokes that can only be told by certain people?) and humor aesthetics (What makes for a good joke? Is humor subjective?). In addition to humor in general, Isn’t That Clever asks questions about comedy as an art form such as whether there are limits to what can be said in dealing with a heckler and how do we determine whether one comedian has stolen jokes from another.
Download or read book Rethinking Punishment in the Era of Mass Incarceration written by Chris Surprenant and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-07-06 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a philosophical examination of incarceration as a form of punishment. A diverse group of contributors engages with research in criminology, economics, law, and sociology to help contextualize the philosophical issues.
Download or read book Using Words and Things written by Mark Coeckelbergh and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-06-26 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a systematic framework for thinking about the relationship between language and technology and an argument for interweaving thinking about technology with thinking about language. The main claim of philosophy of technology—that technologies are not mere tools and artefacts not mere things, but crucially and significantly shape what we perceive, do, and are—is re-thought in a way that accounts for the role of language in human technological experiences and practices. Engaging with work by Wittgenstein, Heidegger, McLuhan, Searle, Ihde, Latour, Ricoeur, and many others, the author critically responds to, and constructs a synthesis of, three "extreme", idealtype, untenable positions: (1) only humans speak and neither language nor technologies speak, (2) only language speaks and neither humans nor technologies speak, and (3) only technology speaks and neither humans nor language speak. The construction of this synthesis goes hand in hand with a narrative about subjects and objects that become entangled and constitute one another. Using Words and Things thus draws in central discussions from other subdisciplines in philosophy, such as philosophy of language, epistemology, and metaphysics, to offer an original theory of the relationship between language and (philosophy of) technology centered on use, performance, and narrative, and taking a transcendental turn.
Download or read book The Social Contexts of Intellectual Virtue written by Adam Green and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-12-08 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reconceives virtue epistemology in light of the conviction that we are essentially social creatures. Green’s account is based on the extended credit view, which conceives of knowledge as an achievement and broadens that focus to include team achievements in addition to individual ones. He argues that this view does a better job than alternatives of answering the many conceptual and empirical challenges for virtue epistemology that have been based on cases of testimony. The view also allows for a nuanced interaction with situationist psychology, dual processing models in cognitive science, and the extended mind literature in philosophy of mind.
Download or read book Facts and Values written by Giancarlo Marchetti and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-11-03 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection offers a synoptic view of current philosophical debates concerning the relationship between facts and values, bringing together a wide spectrum of contributors committed to testing the validity of this dichotomy, exploring alternatives, and assessing their implications. The assumption that facts and values inhabit distinct, unbridgeable conceptual and experiential domains has long dominated scientific and philosophical discourse, but this separation has been seriously called into question from a number of corners. The original essays here collected offer a diversity of responses to fact-value dichotomy, including contributions from Hilary Putnam and Ruth Anna Putnam who are rightly credited with revitalizing philosophical interest in this alleged opposition. Both they, and many of our contributors, are in agreement that the relationship between epistemic developments and evaluative attitudes cannot be framed as a conflict between descriptive and normative understanding. Each chapter demonstrates how and why contrapositions between science and ethics, between facts and values, and between objective and subjective are false dichotomies. Values cannot simply be separated from reason. Facts and Values will therefore prove essential reading for analytic and continental philosophers alike, for theorists of ethics and meta-ethics, and for philosophers of economics and law.
Download or read book The Palgrave Handbook of Philosophical Methods written by Christopher Daly and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-31 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook contains twenty-six original and substantive papers examining a wide selection of philosophical methods. Drawing upon an international range of leading contributors, it will help shape future debates about how philosophy should be done. The papers will be of particular interest to researchers and high-level undergraduates.
Download or read book New Perspectives on Transparency and Self Knowledge written by Adam Andreotta and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-11-22 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is natural to think that self-knowledge is gained through introspection, whereby we somehow peer inward and detect our mental states. However, so-called transparency theories emphasize our capacity to peer outward at the world, hence beyond our minds, in the pursuit of self-knowledge. For all their popularity in recent decades, transparency theories have also met with myriad challenges. This volume presents new perspectives on transparency-theoretic approaches to self-knowledge. It addresses many under-explored dimensions of transparency theories and considers their wider implications for epistemology, philosophy of mind, and psychology. Some chapters in this volume aim to deepen our understanding of key themes at the heart of transparency theories, such as the ways in which transparent self-knowledge is properly "first-personal" or "non-alienated". Other chapters offer arguments for extending transparency accounts of self-knowledge to different kinds of mental states and phenomena, such as memory, actions, social groups, and credences. Finally, there are chapters in the volume which discuss interesting relationships between transparency theories, projection, second-order sincerity, and Moore’s Paradox. This book will appeal to scholars and advanced students working in epistemology, philosophy of mind, and psychology.
Download or read book Transcending Sorrow and Suffering Trust Test Taste written by Col. Bishan Singh and published by PartridgeIndia. This book was released on 2014-08-21 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self realization is the key factor to transcend sorrow and sufferings. Sorrow and suffering are the products of mind which keeps weaving illusory and imaginary world at its own as it happens during the dream. Sorrow and sufferings are dissolved when one goes beyond mind through enriching consciousness, free of contents. Mind remains restless, disturbed and noisy when it is loaded with information and worldly knowledge. Non desiring and non wavering mind is required for total transformation to experience the joy and ecstasy of your divine nature. Living a self esteemed life empowers man with will, wisdom, self-confidence, inner power, purity, love, peace, joy, enthusiasm and compassion so that man strives without seeking and struggles without greed for a peaceful and harmonious living bringing order and discipline in the world, dissolving clash and conflict. This is the essence of ancient wisdom and an eternal thought which transformed man to go beyond human sorrows and sufferings. Transforming oneself is the greatest effort but most rewarding and paying. This wisdom has come to us from trustworthy and enlightened souls of the past. It had happened to them through total trust in their true being (divinity) which they experienced through testing it from within their own self and later tasted it by living life that way with total silence, joy and peace. You should also trust, test and taste.
Download or read book Hidden Minds written by F. R. Tallis and published by Skyhorse Publishing Inc.. This book was released on 2012-05 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hidden Minds traces our enduring fascination with the unconscious and our attempts to tame it through hypnosis, psychoanalysis, subliminal manipulation, lucid dreams, and even the principles of the quantum...
Download or read book The Romantic Foundations of the American Renaissance written by Leon Chai and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-15 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Romantic Foundations of the American Renaissance illuminates the process by which the cultural legacy of European Romanticism was assimilated by and transformed in the literature of mid-nineteenth-century America. Leon Chai traces the development various governing concepts or tendencies from their genesis in British, French, and German Romantic traditions through their subsequent appropriation by such American writers as Poe, Emerson, Hawthorne, and Melville. Among the topics he addresses are the shift from allegory to symbolism; selected trends in Romantic science; the secularization of religion; the emergence of a historical consciousness and a philosophy of history; pantheism; the relation of subjectivity to objectivity in Romantic philosophy; and Romantic poets.
