Download or read book Secession of Somaliland from Somalia Conundrum to Peace and Security in the Horn of Africa written by Ignatius Mabula and published by Grin Publishing. This book was released on 2017-11-07 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: Africa, grade: Pass, language: English, abstract: Failure to satisfy Somaliland's desire for peace, security, stability and peaceful co-existence with Somalia which are the tenets of Westphalian statehood, resulted in the collapse of the ambitious project designed to merge Northern Somalia (Somaliland) and Southern Somalia (Somalia) into Republic of Somalia. Since the inception of the Republic, elites from Northern Somaliland complained about Southern Somalia's dominance in governance where the national flag, national anthem, capital city, Presidency and Prime Minister's position have been contributed by the Southerners. To rub salt into the wounds of the Northerners, Siad Barre assumed power by means of a coup and installed draconian, discriminative and oppressive laws against the Northern clans generally and the Isaac clan in particular. These appalling conditions experienced by the Northerners cajoled them to hold the bull by its horns and confront the situation. They formed the Somali National Movement (SMN) which protected the Northerners against Barre's oppressive machinery. Subsequently Somaliland declared unilateral independence because it satisfied Article I of the Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States (1933) which explains that: [t]he State as a person of international law should possess: Permanent population; Defined territory; Government and Capacity to enter into foreign relations.
Download or read book Self Determination and Secessionism in Somaliland and South Sudan written by Redie Bereketeab and published by Nordic Africa Institute. This book was released on 2012-10-01 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyses the notion of self-determination and secession by adopting a comparative perspective on two case studies, namely Somaliland and South Sudan. Somaliland declared its independence in 1991 following the collapse of the Somali state. Since then, Somaliland has been making relentless efforts to secure recognition from the international community. South Sudan successfully negotiated the right to exercise self-determination, a right that was formalised in the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) signed between the ruling National Congress Party (NCP) and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM). The people of South Sudan held a referendum and voted overwhelmingly for secession, with formal independence being achieved on 9 July 2011. International law may better qualify Somaliland for statehood than South Sudan for three reasons: (i) it was created by colonialism, (ii) it has already been recognised, albeit only for a few days, as an independent state in 1960, and (iii) it has proven to be stable, functional and relatively democratic. Yet Somaliland has failed to achieve international recognition. This paper interrogates this discrepancy. It concludes that the existence of a partner ready to accept the right of self-determination, and geostrategic concerns about security as well as economic and political interests, determine international recognition.
Download or read book Self Determination and Secession in Africa written by Redie Bereketeab and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-07 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a unique comparative study of the major secessionist and self-determination movements in post-colonial Africa, examining theory, international law, charters of the United Nations, and the Organisation of African Unity (OAU)/African Union’s (AU) stance on the issue. The book explores whether self-determination and secessionism lead to peace, stability, development and democratisation in conflict-ridden societies, particularly looking at the outcomes in Eritrea and South Sudan. The book covers all the major attempts at self-determination and secession on the continent, extensively analysing the geo-political, economic, security and ideological factors that determine the outcome of the quest for self-determination and secession. It reveals the lack of inherent clarity in international law, social science theories, OAU/AU Charter, UN Charters and international conventions concerning the topic. This is a major contribution to the field and highly relevant for researchers and postgraduate students in African Studies, Development Studies, African Politics and History, and Anthropology.
Download or read book The role of internal self determination in peace building and poverty in South Sudan written by Dr. John Chuol Muon (Ph.D.) and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2022-09-30 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2021 in the subject Politics - Region: Africa, grade: A, Flinders University, language: English, abstract: Self-determination is a democratic political process in which citizens of a country determine their preferred form of statehood and government for their nation. The right to self-determination is a legal and political right for all people. Self-determination became prominent internationally during and after the First World War. It was also at the Centre of the international political agenda during the decolonisation period. From 1945 onwards, self-determination became an international principle after several international conventions defined the term and its use as a legal justification for creating new states in territories previously under colonial rule. The definition and implementation transformed the concept into a universally-recognised practice. Territories under colonial rule used this concept to seek independence, which led to the creation of more than eighty new states. The struggle of South Sudan for self-determination has a history longer than any other struggle in Africa. The struggle has roots in Sudan's pre-colonial, colonial, and post-colonial political events. Despite these roots, South Sudan sought secession due to fear of Northern domination and internal colonisation in post-independence Sudan and exclusion of Southerners from crucial constitutional discussions on Sudan's future based on the argument that the southerners did not have organised political parties. In seeking peace, South Sudan voted in the 2011 referendum to support internal self-determination by seceding from Sudan. Internal self-determination makes peacebuilding initiatives legitimate and sustainable. However, South Sudan experienced incidences of conflict after seceding from the North. The proposed research aims to determine the role that self-determination plays in peacebuilding initiatives and poverty in South Sudan.
Download or read book Self determination of Southern Sudan written by David Nailo N. Mayo and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book South Sudan Right of Self determination and Establishment of New Sovereign State written by Simon E. Kulusika and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Right To Self Determination South Sudan In Perspective written by Francis Aondowase Adasu and published by . This book was released on 2020-08-28 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Right to Self determination in South Sudan written by Hoda Medhat Elmeligy and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: South Sudan, a new independent state is born in 2011 thanks to the implementation of the right to self-determination. In the case of South Sudan, the right to self-determination evolved gradually until it reached remedial secession that was the only option available to Southerners after the failure of several attempts. Yet, after secession a new type of failure appeared emphasizing how the right to self-determination is deemed as a flawed right. Remedial secession did not remedy South Sudan and failed to respect human rights. A new kind of oppression appears that triggers a failed South Sudan. The thesis will propose that South Sudan continues to be an earned sovereignty as an ongoing process in order to be able to self-govern itself and to become a successful state.
Download or read book Analysing the Practice of State Recognition as an Exclusionary Mechanism from the International Community of States written by Brian Khisa and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2023-11-21 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2022 in the subject Politics - Topic: Public International Law and Human Rights, , language: English, abstract: The law on statehood and state recognition is aptly captured in the Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States, 1933. The Convention lists the criterion for the achievement of Statehood, which includes the requirement of a permanent population, a well-defined territory, a stable government, and the ability to enter relations with other states. This article argues that despite entities satisfying the criteria of statehood under the Montevideo Convention, the issue of state recognition remains a major legal hurdle to be crossed towards the ultimate realization of a people’s right to self-determination. It is contended that to achieve statehood, state recognition must be granted by the international community of states and given the difficulty, the exercise of the right to self-determination has been greatly hindered therefore making the right to self-determination nothing more than empty rhetoric. The article begins by introducing the concept of state recognition and statehood before embarking on a critical analysis of the practice of state recognition and statehood. The article then shifts focus to the nexus between statehood and state recognition through the lenses of the right to self-determination and secession. The next part focuses on the effect of the non-recognition of entities as states and how it acts to the exclusion of admission of the entities that have duly qualified for statehood under the Montevideo Convention to the international community of states. By providing practical case studies on the practice of state recognition in respect of the states of Somaliland, South Sudan and Eritrea, the Article concludes that the criterion under the Montevideo Convention is grossly ignorant of the existing practice of state recognition, especially by failing to expressly address the legal existence of a state.
Download or read book Secessionism in African Politics written by Lotje de Vries and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-20 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Secessionism perseveres as a complex political phenomenon in Africa, yet often a more in-depth analysis is overshadowed by the aspirational simplicity of pursuing a new state. Using historical and contemporary approaches, this edited volume offers the most exhaustive collection of empirical studies of African secessionism to date. The respected expert contributors put salient and lesser known cases into comparative perspective, covering Biafra, Katanga, Eritrea and South Sudan alongside Barotseland, Cabinda, and the Comoros, among others. Suggesting that African secessionism can be understood through the categories of aspiration, grievance, performance, and disenchantment, the book's analytical framework promises to be a building block for future studies of the topic.
Download or read book Regional Politics and State Secession written by Nelson, Elizabeth A. and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While a number of movements seek state secession, the majority never achieves internationally recognized statehood. Paradoxically, some movements that have succeeded have had weaker claims to statehood than many movements that have failed. Regional Politics and State Secession seeks to explain the variation in outcomes for secessionist movements. Why do some movements succeed when so many fail?
Download or read book State Building and National Identity Reconstruction in the Horn of Africa written by Redie Bereketeab and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines post-secession and post-transition state building in Somaliland, Somalia, South Sudan and Sudan. It explores two intimately linked, yet analytically distinct themes: state building and national identity reconstruction following secession and collapse. In Somaliland and South Sudan, rearranging the state requires a complete metamorphosis of state institutions so that they respond to the needs and interests of the people. In Sudan and Somalia, the reconfiguration of the remains of the state must address a new reality and demands on the ground. All four cases examined, although highly variable, involve conflict. Conflict defines the scope, depth and momentum of the state building and state reconstruction process. It also determines the contours and parameters of the projects to reconstitute national identity and rebuild a nation. Addressing the contested identity formation and its direct relation to state building would therefore go a long way in mitigating conflicts and state crisis.
Download or read book State Building and National Identity Reconstruction in the Horn of Africa written by Redie Bereketeab and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-10 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines post-secession and post-transition state building in Somaliland, Somalia, South Sudan and Sudan. It explores two intimately linked, yet analytically distinct themes: state building and national identity reconstruction following secession and collapse. In Somaliland and South Sudan, rearranging the state requires a complete metamorphosis of state institutions so that they respond to the needs and interests of the people. In Sudan and Somalia, the reconfiguration of the remains of the state must address a new reality and demands on the ground. All four cases examined, although highly variable, involve conflict. Conflict defines the scope, depth and momentum of the state building and state reconstruction process. It also determines the contours and parameters of the projects to reconstitute national identity and rebuild a nation. Addressing the contested identity formation and its direct relation to state building would therefore go a long way in mitigating conflicts and state crisis.
Download or read book Secession and Separatist Conflicts in Postcolonial Africa written by Charles G. Thomas and published by ISSN. This book was released on 2020-06-15 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wars fought for political separation have become omnipresent in post-colonial Africa. From the division of Sudan, to the continued fragmentation of Somalia, and the protracted struggles of Cabinda and Azawad, conflict over seccession and separation continues to the present day. This is the first single volume to examine the historical arc of secession and secessionist conflict across sub-Saharan Africa. Paying particular attention to the development of secessionist conflicts and their evolving goals, Secession and Separatist Conflicts in Postcolonial Africa draws on case studies and rigorous research to examine three waves of secessionist movements, themselves defined by international conflict and change. Using detailed case studies, the authors offer a framework to understand how secession and separation occur, how these are influenced by both preceding movements and global political trends, and how their ongoing legacies continue to shape African regional politics. Deeply engaging and thoroughly researched, this book presents a nuanced and important and important new overview of African separatist and secessionist conflicts. It addresses the structures, goals, and underlying influences of these movements within a broader global context to impart a rich understanding of why these conflicts are waged, and how they succeed or fail.
Download or read book From Sudan to South Sudan written by Irit Back and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-06-22 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Irit Back’s From Sudan to South Sudan: IGAD and the Role of Regional Mediation in Africa comprehensively analyses the full achievements, shortcomings, and implications of IGAD (Intergovernmental Authority on Development) mediation efforts in Sudan and South Sudan.
Download or read book Statehood and Self Determination written by Duncan French and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed and timely examination of fundamental issues of statehood and recognition, self-determination and the rights of indigenous peoples includes analysis of some of the most controversial examples of disputed territorial status, including Kosovo and the Palestinian Authority.
Download or read book Self Determination and Secession in Africa written by Redie Bereketeab and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-07 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a unique comparative study of the major secessionist and self-determination movements in post-colonial Africa, examining theory, international law, charters of the United Nations, and the Organisation of African Unity (OAU)/African Union’s (AU) stance on the issue. The book explores whether self-determination and secessionism lead to peace, stability, development and democratisation in conflict-ridden societies, particularly looking at the outcomes in Eritrea and South Sudan. The book covers all the major attempts at self-determination and secession on the continent, extensively analysing the geo-political, economic, security and ideological factors that determine the outcome of the quest for self-determination and secession. It reveals the lack of inherent clarity in international law, social science theories, OAU/AU Charter, UN Charters and international conventions concerning the topic. This is a major contribution to the field and highly relevant for researchers and postgraduate students in African Studies, Development Studies, African Politics and History, and Anthropology.
