Download or read book Seismic Analysis and Design of Rigid Wall Flexible Roof Diaphragm Buildings written by Maria Koliou and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, the seismic response and design of Rigid Wall-Flexible Roof Diaphragm (RWFD) buildings under extreme ground shaking was investigated. RWFD buildings are a type of low-rise industrial construction widely used in North America that incorporates rigid in-plane concrete or masonry walls and flexible in-plane wood, steel or "hybrid" roof diaphragms. This type of structure has exhibited poor seismic response during past earthquake events, where the global system response was dominated by the response of the roof diaphragm. This is mainly attributed to large diaphragm displacements, which can significantly exceed the displacements of in-plane walls. A two-dimensional (2D) simplified numerical framework of RWFD buildings was developed to investigate the seismic performance of this type of structure and validate current and proposed design approaches. The modeling approach is detailed enough to capture the nonlinear response of RWFD buildings, and simplified enough to efficiently conduct a large number of nonlinear time-history dynamic analyses. The 2D numerical framework is based on a three step sub-structuring approach including: (1) hysteretic response database for diaphragm connectors, (2) 2D inelastic diaphragm model incorporating hysteretic connector response and (3) 2D building model incorporating hysteretic diaphragm model response. This numerical framework was validated using experimental and analytical data available in the literature. A case study investigating the out-of-plane wall anchorage forces for a typical RWFD building archetype was performed in this dissertation. The main objectives of this case study were to: (i) evaluate the out-of-plane wall anchorage force distribution along the roof span, (ii) evaluate the influence of wall-to-roof diaphragm connection stiffness on the magnitude of the out-of-plane wall anchorage forces, and (iii) evaluate the correlation between the in-plane shear forces in the roof diaphragm and the out-of-plane wall anchorage forces. The seismic collapse capacity of RWFD buildings designed to current code provisions in the United States was evaluated by applying the FEMA P695 methodology for a large set of representative archetype buildings. This study showed that certain "weak" aspects of the code provisions referring to the seismic response of RWFD buildings and the underestimation of their fundamental period of vibration. Two fundamental period formulas (a rigorous mechanics based period formula and a semi-empirical period formula) were recommended to address the underestimation of the fundamental period. The concept of distributed yielding in the flexible roof diaphragm by weakening certain intermediate diaphragm zones was explored as a cost effective means to improve the seismic collapse capacity of RWFD buildings and mitigate their seismic vulnerability. The efficiency of the proposed concept was numerically investigated in this dissertation for two case study RWFD buildings incorporating a steel and a hybrid flexible roof diaphragm, respectively. This dissertation concluded by proposing a new rational seismic design approach for RWFD buildings based on the concept of distributed roof diaphragm yielding. This approach relies on forcing yielding of the roof diaphragm as the predominant inelastic response under extreme ground shaking instead of the vertical elements of the seismic force-resisting system (SFRS). In a force-based design framework, a response modification factor (R) for the roof diaphragm is recommended to be used along with the R-factor for the vertical elements of the SFRS as currently used in seismic design codes. Moreover, the proposed design approach includes stronger end diaphragm regions, to spread yielding deeper into the roof diaphragm, by introducing an overstrength factor increasing the design shear forces for the diaphragm boundaries. The proposed design approach was validated through the FEMA P695 methodology for a large set of building archetypes.
Download or read book Seismic Design of Rigid Wall flexible Diaphragm Buildings written by Building Seismic Safety Council (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seismic Design for Buildings written by United States. Department of Defense. Tri-Service Seismic Design Committee and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seismic Design of Rigid Wall flexible Diaphragm Buildings written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guidelines for Seismic Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Tilt up Buildings and Other Rigid Wall flexible Diaphragm Structures written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Introduction to Analysis Procedures for Seismic Design of Buildings written by J. Paul Guyer, P.E., R.A. and published by Guyer Partners. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introductory technical guidance for civil and structural engineers interested in analysis procedures for seismic design of buildings. Here is what is discussed: 1. GENERAL 2. LINEAR ELASTIC STATIC PROCEDURE 3. LINEAR ELASTIC DYNAMIC PROCEDURE 4. NONLINEAR STATIC PROCEDURE 5. NONLINEAR DYNAMIC PROCEDURE 6. ALTERNATIVE RATIONAL ANALYSES.
Download or read book NEHRP Recommended Provisions National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings and Other Structures Commentary written by United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seismic Design for Buildings written by United States. Dept. of the Army and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seismic Design of RC Buildings written by Sharad Manohar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-09 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended to serve as a textbook for engineering courses on earthquake resistant design. The book covers important attributes for seismic design such as material properties, damping, ductility, stiffness and strength. The subject coverage commences with simple concepts and proceeds right up to nonlinear analysis and push-over method for checking building adequacy. The book also provides an insight into the design of base isolators highlighting their merits and demerits. Apart from the theoretical approach to design of multi-storey buildings, the book highlights the care required in practical design and construction of various building components. It covers modal analysis in depth including the important missing mass method of analysis and tension shift in shear walls and beams. These have important bearing on reinforcement detailing. Detailed design and construction features are covered for earthquake resistant design of reinforced concrete as well as confined and reinforced masonry structures. The book also provides the methodology for assessment of seismic forces on basement walls and pile foundations. It provides a practical approach to design and detailing of soft storeys, short columns, vulnerable staircases and many other components. The book bridges the gap between design and construction. Plenty of worked illustrative examples are provided to aid learning. This book will be of value to upper undergraduate and graduate students taking courses on seismic design of structures.
Download or read book Design Guide for Reinforced Concrete Diaphragms written by and published by . This book was released on 2019-03 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide is the definitive resource on the design and detailing of diaphragms in cast-in-place reinforced concrete buildings. The requirements in ACI 318-14 are clearly summarized in figures and tables for quick reference. Comprehensive methods are provided on how to (1) determine diaphragm thickness based on strength and serviceability requirements; (2) calculate in-plane and collector forces based on ASCE/SEI 7-16 requirements; (3) model and analyze diaphragms; (4) determine the required reinforcement based on two different types of common construction methods; and (5) economically detail the required reinforcement based on the latest ACI 318 requirements. A step-by-step design procedure is provided that can be used for buildings assigned to Seismic Design Categories A through F. Numerous design aids and worked-out examples illustrate the code requirements for low-, mid-, and high-rise buildings, including buildings with irregularities.
Download or read book Examination of Lateral Stiffness and Strength of Pitched Residential Roof Diaphragms with Implications for Seismic Design written by William J. Kirkham and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are about 80 million single-family dwellings (SFD) in the United States, predominantly of wood-frame construction. Of these, 68% are owner occupied. A home is typically the largest single investment of a family, and is often not covered by earthquake insurance, even where it is available. Of all SFD in America, 50% were built before 1974, and 76% built before 1990. Most wood frame SFD (WFSFD) were built to prescriptive code provisions before seismic requirements were introduced. This dissertation examines a broad field of seismic research applicable to WFSFD seismic analysis and the design, and to the retrofit of existing WFSFD. It summarizes the "state-of-the-art" of seismic experimentation and seismic evaluation, and provides observations and recommendations for future research. The study showed that performance based design (PBD) needs to develop a consensus on performance objectives for WDSFD with respect to damage and repair costs, including new design techniques which balance life-safety with the effects of damage to building finish materials. There is also a strong need to develop a better understanding of the effects of WDSFD components, attachment, the lateral force resisting system and how loads are distributed to these elements within the structure. To address concerns with limited pitched light-frame roof diaphragm experiments, ten full size (3.7 x 4.9 m) plywood roof diaphragms with metal plate connected (MPC) common and hip wood trusses or joists, typical of WFSFD construction were tested according to ASTM E455. Specimens included three gable roof slopes of 33, 67 and 100%, a hip roof of 33% slope, and a flat roof. Gable and hip roofs experiments examined the effect of eave sheathing and gypsum ceilings on the bottom chord. Results showed eave plywood had negligible effect on diaphragm apparent stiffness; gable roofs had apparent stiffnesses that were about 50% that of the flat roofs; and gypsum provided more than 1/3 of the total roof apparent stiffness for gable roofs at slopes of less than 33%. There was no effect of pitch on ultimate roof strength in any configuration and all exhibited approximately the same ultimate shear strength. Failure modes of roofs included nail withdrawal, nail tear-through, metal plate tear-out on trusses and chord tensile failure. This dissertation also examines code provisions applicable to WFSFD seismic design, compares rigid and flexible diaphragm analyses for different geometries of "L" shaped WFSFD applying stiffness reductions due to differing roof geometry and pitch. These analyses are applied to historic earthquake damage reports and compared with a practical rigid, semi-rigid or flexible diaphragm plate FEM analysis method. This study determined that most WFSFD should be designed using an envelope method due to a mix of diaphragm types and the effects of roof pitch and geometry on the stiffness. Cases may occur where determination of semi-rigid or flexible diaphragm behavior is difficult because the code prescribed analysis is contradictory or fallacious. This suggests that use of semi-rigid finite element model (FEM) or a manual envelope method is prudent. The use of RP, FP or SP FEM methods can be simple and practical methods for analyzing WFSFD with a reasonable level of detail and effort.
Download or read book The Analysis of Irregular Shaped Structures Diaphragms and Shear Walls written by Terry R. Malone and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2011-12-05 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Complete Guide to Solving Lateral Load Path Problems The Analysis of Irregular Shaped Structures: Diaphragms and Shear Walls explains how to calculate the forces to be transferred across multiple discontinuities and reflect the design requirements on construction documents. Step-by-step examples offer progressive coverage, from basic to very advanced illustrations of load paths in complicated structures. The book is based on the 2009 International Building Code, ASCE/SEI 7-05, the 2005 Edition of the National Design Specification for Wood Construction, and the 2008 Edition of the Special Design Provisions for Wind and Seismic (SDPWS-08). COVERAGE INCLUDES: Code sections and analysis Diaphragm basics Diaphragms with end horizontal offsets Diaphragms with intermediate offsets Diaphragms with openings Open front and cantilever diaphragms Diaphragms with vertical offsets Complex diaphragms with combined openings and offsets Standard shear walls Shear walls with openings Discontinous shear walls Horizontally offset shear walls The portal frame Rigid moment-resisting frame walls--the frame method of analysis
Download or read book Approximate Methods in Structural Seismic Design written by A. Scarlat and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-12-28 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the recent developments in computerized structural analysis and finite element analysis to re-appraise existing approximate techniques and to define their scope and limits more accurately. The book proposes new techniques and provides many numerical examples and comparisons with 'accurate' methods.
Download or read book Displacement based seismic design for multi storey cross laminated timber buildings written by Hummel, Johannes and published by kassel university press GmbH. This book was released on 2017 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Key Terms: cross laminated timber, displacement-based seismic design, time history analysis, multi-storey timber structures, hysteretic behaviour
Download or read book Use of Flexible and Ductile Roof Diaphragms in the Seismic Design of Single storey Steel Buildings written by Kishor Mohan Shrestha and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis documents an investigation of the use of the roof diaphragm flexibility in the seismic design and analysis procedure of single-storey steel buildings designed otherwise in accordance with the provisions of the 2010 NBCC and the 2009 CSA S16. The design approach considers the members of the vertical bracing system as the ductile fuse elements in the seismic force resisting system (SFRS), whereas the diaphragm remains elastic. An alternative design approach was also examined in which the steel deck roof diaphragm acts as a ductile fuse element in the SFRS; at present this procedure is not permitted by the NBCC or CSA S16. The investigation was reliant on a complementary three phase test program in which nineteen large-scale roof diaphragm specimens were dynamically excited with a sequence of increasing amplitude loading protocols. The first part of the study comprised the development of a deep horizontal plane truss numerical model using the OpenSees ...
Download or read book Textbook of Seismic Design written by G. R. Reddy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-03 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the seismic design of Structures, Piping Systems and Components (SSC). It explains the basic mechanisms of earthquakes, generation of design basis ground motion, and fundamentals of structural dynamics; further, it delves into geotechnical aspects related to the earthquake design, analysis of multi degree-of-freedom systems, and seismic design of RC structures and steel structures. The book discusses the design of components and piping systems located at the ground level as well as at different floor levels of the structure. It also covers anchorage design of component and piping system, and provides an introduction to retrofitting, seismic response control including seismic base isolation, and testing of SSCs. The book is written in an easy-to-understand way, with review questions, case studies and detailed examples on each topic. This educational approach makes the book useful in both classrooms and professional training courses for students, researchers, and professionals alike.
Download or read book Seismic Design Guidelines for Upgrading Existing Buildings written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
