Download or read book Seasonal Undernutrition in Rural Ethiopia written by Anna Ferro-Luzzi and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research questions and motivation for policy analysis. Data and methodology. Seasonal energy stress in southern Shewa. Physiological correlates of undernutrition in adults. Heterogeneity of response to seasonal stress. Methods used to assess the nutritional and functional status of study individuals.
Download or read book The Biodemography of Subsistence Farming written by James W. Wood and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-23 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exploration of preindustrial agriculture that applies insights from biodemography, physiological ecology, and household demography.
Download or read book Evolving Human Nutrition written by Stanley J. Ulijaszek and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-10-18 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While most of us live our lives according to the working week, we did not evolve to be bound by industrial schedules, nor did the food we eat. Despite this, we eat the products of industrialization and often suffer as a consequence. This book considers aspects of changing human nutrition from evolutionary and social perspectives. It considers what a 'natural' human diet might be, how it has been shaped across evolutionary time and how we have adapted to changing food availability. The transition from hunter-gatherer and the rise of agriculture through to the industrialisation and globalisation of diet are explored. Far from being adapted to a 'Stone Age' diet, humans can consume a vast range of foodstuffs. However, being able to eat anything does not mean that we should eat everything, and therefore engagement with the evolutionary underpinnings of diet and factors influencing it are key to better public health practice.
Download or read book The Egyptian Food Subsidy System written by Akhter U. Ahmed and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2001 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Egyptian Food Subsidy System: Structure, Performance, and Options for Reform evaluates the economic, political, and technical feasibility of reducing costs while improving or maintaining the welfare of the poor. The report addresses five questions: (1) How well does the present system target the poor? (2) How much leakage- the pilferage of subsidized foods in the distribution channel-occurs? (3) At what cost does the government transfer income to the needy? (4) How can subsidies be better targeted to the needy? And (5) What are politically feasible options for reform?
Download or read book Seasonality Rural Livelihoods and Development written by Stephen Devereux and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-03 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seasonality is a severe constraint to sustainable rural livelihoods and a driver of poverty and hunger, particularly in the tropics. Many poor people in developing countries are ill equipped to cope with seasonal variations which can lead to drought or flood and consequences for agriculture, employment, food supply and the spread of disease. The subject has assumed increasing importance as climate change and other forms of development disrupt established seasonal patterns and variations. This book is the first systematic study of seasonality for over twenty years, and it aims to revive academic interest and policy awareness of this crucial but neglected issue. Thematic chapters explore recent shifts with profound implications for seasonality, including climate change, HIV/AIDS, and social protection. Case study chapters explore seasonal dimensions of livelihoods in Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi), Asia (Bangladesh, China, India), and Latin America (Peru). Others assess policy responses to adverse seasonality, for example through irrigation, migration and seasonally-sensitive education. The book also includes innovative tools for monitoring seasonality, which should enable more appropriate responses.
Download or read book Does market access mitigate the impact of seasonality on child growth written by Abay, Kibrewossen and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seasonality in agricultural production continues to shape intra-annual food availability and prices in low-income countries. Using high-frequency panel data from northern Ethiopia, this study attempts to quantify seasonal fluctuations in children's weights. In line with earlier studies, we document considerable seasonality in children’s age and height adjusted weights. While children located closer to local food markets are better nourished compared to their counterparts residing in more remote areas, their weights are also subject to considerable seasonality. Further analysis provides evidence that children located closer to food markets consume more diverse diets than those located farther away. However, the content of these diets varies across seasons: children are less likely to consume animal source foods during the lean season.
Download or read book Growth Inequality and Poverty in Rural China written by Shenggen Fan and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growth, inequality, and poverty; Public capital e investment; Concptual framework and model; Data, estimation, and results.
Download or read book Market Institutions Transaction Costs and Social Capital in the Ethiopian Grain Market written by Eleni Zaude Gabre-Madhin and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report addresses the overarching question regarding the role of institutions in enhancing market development following market reforms. It uses the New Institutional Economics framework to empirically analyze the role of a specific market institution, that of brokers acting as intermediaries to match traders in the Ethiopian grain market in reducing the transaction costs of search faced by traders. Brokers play a key role in facilitating exchange in a weak marketing environment where limited public market information, the lack of grain standardization, oral contracts, and weak legal enforcement of contracts increase the risk of contract failure. Relying on primary data, it analyzes traders' microeconomic behavior, social capital, the nature and extent of their transaction costs, and the norms and rules governing the relationship between brokers and traders.The study uses an innovative approach to quantify the costs of search and demonstrates that the brokerage institution is economically efficient both for individual traders and for global economic welfare.
Download or read book Facing the Development Challenge in Mozambique written by Finn Tarp and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study responds to some of Mozambique's basic development challenges and provides qualitative and quantitative insights for policymaking from an economywide perspective. The report highlights the importance of agricultural development showing agriculture's large sectoral multiplier effects and that applying scarce capital to agriculture is generally more effective than applying it to industry and services. A novel CGE model is developed and used in a series of analyses focused on the impact and design of economic policy. Issues addressed are aid dependency, biases in price incentives facing the agriculture sector, improvement in agricultural technology and marketing margins, risk-reducing behavior and gender roles in agricultural production, and food aid distribution. The study also provides a future perspective and analyzes the Mozambican economy using dynamic macroeconomic modeling techniques, demonstrating that sophisticated analytical tools can be of significant value, even in "data-poor" situations.
Download or read book Land Trees and Women written by Maria Agnes R. Quisumbing and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do women's land rights change as customary tenure systems give way to individualized land tenure? While the individualization of land rights creates incentives for poor farmers in marginal areas to adopt agroforestry, not much is known about its impact on women's land rights. Land, Trees, and Women examines the evolution of customary land tenure institutions in areas of Western Ghana and Western Sumatra where traditional matrilineal inheritance systems have been changing. In these two areas, the authors find that individualization of land tenure has contributed to both increased gender equity and greater efficiency in agroforestry management. While property rights institutions are moving toward providing proper incentives for efficient natural resource management, the authors conclude that any program or legal framework that assigns rights to resources must be evaluated for barriers to women's participation.
Download or read book The 1998 Floods in Bangladesh written by Carlo Del Ninno and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1998,"the flood of the century" covered more than two-thirds of Bangladesh, causing crop losses of 2.04 million tons of rice, an amount equal to 10.45 percent of target production in 1998/99. This flood threatened the health and lives of millions through food shortages caused by crop failure, loss of purchasing power, and the spread of water-borne disease. Yet very few flood-related deaths occurred, and reportedly none was due to food shortages. This report, based on data from a survey of 757 rural households in seven flood-affected regions (thanas) conducted in November and December 1998 and on analysis of secondary data on food grain markets, describes how Government of Bangladesh policy, well-functioning private markets, household coping strategies, and donor and NGO interventions combined to avert a major food crisis. To further enhance its food security, Bangladesh needs continued investments in agricultural research, extension, roads, electricity and other rural infrastructure, policies promoting efficient markets, and programs to provide targeted transfers and credit to poor households.
Download or read book Watershed Development Projects in India written by J. M. Kerr and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Green Revolution that transformed irrigated agriculture elsewhere in India had little effect in the rainfed, semi-arid regions. Agricultural productivity remained low, natural resources were degrading, and the people were poor. In the 1980s and 1990s, planners turned to watershed management to develop rainfed agriculture while conserving natural resources. By the late 1990s, India was spending US$500 million a year on watershed development projects. Strategies ranged from the purely technical to those that emphasized social organization. Little systematic analysis exists, however, on the success of the different approaches. This study, based on a survey of 86 villages in Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra states, attempts to fill that information gap by evaluating the projects' relative success in raising agricultural productivity, improving natural resource management, and reducing poverty. In looking at the question of what approaches enable a project to succeed, it uses both quantitative and qualitative analysis to compare project and nonproject villages before and after the projects were implemented. The authors find that projects involving the villagers in planning and decisionmaking performed better than their technocratic, top-down counterparts, but projects that combined participation with sound technical input performed best of all. All projects faced difficulties in ensuring that poor people shared the benefits of watershed development.
Download or read book Natural Resource Management in the Hillsides of Honduras written by Bruno Barbier and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Farmers who live in fragile tropical hillsides often operate under severe resource constraints and face difficult tradeoffs when confronted with changes in production conditions. Using a bioeconomic linear programming model, this study simulates the effects of population, market, and technological changes on farmers' income and on their management of the natural resource in a hillside area of Central Honduras. The results show that economic growth and agricultural intensification are not necessarily adverse for fragile environments. In fact, farmer incomes would be much lower and degradation much higher if intensive agriculture had not been adopted. Such a result, however, must be framed within a complex set of conditioning factors, among which agroecology plays a fundamental role. Although the economic advantages of horticultural production are clear in the area studied, this strategy is not suited for all contexts. This report offers a series of policy recommendations that implicitly recognize such limitations, thereby helping to direct resources where they will have their greatest impact.
Download or read book Seasons of Hunger written by Stephen Devereux and published by Pluto Press (UK). This book was released on 2008-09-20 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year, millions of the rural poor suffer from predictable and preventable seasonal hunger. This hunger is less dramatic but no less damaging than the starvation associated with famines, wars and natural disasters. Seasons of Hunger explores why the world does not react to a crisis that we know will continue year after year. Seasonal hunger is caused by annual cycles of shrinking food stocks, rising prices, and lack of income. This hidden hunger pushes millions of children to the brink of starvation every year, permanently stunting their physical and cognitive development, weakening their immune systems and opening the door for killer diseases. Action Against Hunger argue that ending seasonal hunger could save millions of young lives and is key to achieving the Millennium Development Goals. This book documents seasonal hunger in four countries - India, Malawi, Mali and Myanmar - including personal stories and country-wide data which shows the magnitude of the problem. The authors also find encouraging examples of interventions designed to address seasonality - initiatives led by governments, donors and NGOs, and poor people themselves - and propose a package of advocacy messages that could contribute to the global eradication of seasonal hunger. This book will be a valuable resource for journalists, policy makers, NGO members and students of development studies.
Download or read book Seasonal Undernutrition in Rural Ethiopia written by Anna Forro Luzzi and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. include Proceedings of the conference of the Indian Society of Agricultural Economics.
Download or read book Research Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
