Download or read book Search for the Common Sources of High energy Cosmic Neutrinos and Ultra high energy Cosmic Rays written by Lisa Johanna Schumacher and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Search for Ultra High Energy Neutrinos and Cosmic Rays with ANITA 2 written by Matthew Joseph Mottram and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-10 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The winner of UCL's annual HEP thesis prize, this work describes an analysis of the data from the second flight of the Antarctica Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA). ANITA is a balloon-borne experiment that searches for radio signals originating from ultra-high energy neutrinos and cosmic rays interacting with the Antarctic ice or air. The search for ultrahigh energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin is one of the outstanding experimental challenges of the 21st century. The ANITA experiment was designed to be the most sensitive instrument to ultra-high energy neutrinos that originate from the interactions of cosmic rays with the cosmic microwave background. The methodology and results of the neutrino and cosmic ray searches are presented in the thesis.
Download or read book A Search for High energy Neutrino Emission from Gamma ray Bursts written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A century after their discovery, the origin of cosmic rays remains one of the most enduring mysteries in physics. They can have energies that exceed 1020 eV, a hundred million times as energetic as the most powerful Earth-bound particle accelerators and must therefore be produced in the universe's most violent environments. Direct observation of their origins, however, has proven difficult due to deflection of charged cosmic ray particles in galactic and intergalactic magnetic fields, obscuring their true origins. Astronomy using electrically neutral particles, such as photons and neutrinos, does not, however, share this difficulty. This work presents a search for neutrino emission from one of the primary candidates for the sources of the highest-energy cosmic rays, Gamma-Ray Bursts, using the recently-completed IceCube neutrino telescope located at the South Pole. The null result obtained from this search contradicts well-established predictions for the neutrino flux from Gamma-Ray Bursts if they are the cosmic ray sources, forcing a reevaluation of these theoretical models.
Download or read book A Search for Ultra High Energy Neutrinos and Cosmic Rays with Anita 2 written by Springer and published by . This book was released on 2012-08-31 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cosmic Radiations From Astronomy to Particle Physics written by Giorgio Giacomelli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-accelerator particle physicists, especially those studying neutrino oscillation experiments, will read with profit the in-depth discussions of new results and their interpretations. new guidelines are also set out for new developments in this and related fields. Discussions are presented of neutrino oscillations, neutrino astronomy, high energy cosmic rays, gravitational waves, magnetic monopoles and dark matter. The future large-scale research projects discussed include the experiments on long baseline neutrino beams from CERN to Gran Sasso and Fermilab to the Soudan mine; large underwater and under-ice experiments; the highest energy cosmic rays; gravitational waves; and the search for new particles and new phenomena.
Download or read book High Energy Neutrinos from Gamma Ray Bursts Theoretical Predictions Experimental Searches and Prospects for Detection written by Oindree Banerjee and published by Oindree Banerjee. This book was released on 2020-10-23 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most luminous transient events in the observed Universe. However, there is no direct observational evidence for what exactly drives a GRB. The most widely accepted model for these cosmic events is the fireball model where it is thought that a substantial fraction of the kinetic energy of the source is converted to gamma-radiation by shock accelerated electrons emitting synchrotron and inverse-Compton radiation. The acceleration of protons in the gamma-ray emitting region of the GRB has been hypothesized as well. In this hadronic acceleration model, it is predicted that protons may interact with gamma-ray photons to produce a burst of neutrinos at energy ∼10^14 eV during prompt emission and energy ∼10^18 eV during afterglow emission. Several experimental searches for these high energy neutrinos have been conducted and no GRB neutrinos have yet been found. The analytical prediction for neutrino flux has been replaced with a more thorough numerical prediction for neutrino flux. The neutron model of GRBs, where only neutrons can escape the GRB and reach Earth as cosmic rays, has been ruled out by the experimental work of IceCube and ANTARES. Upgraded versions of current experiments such as IceCube, ANTARES, ANITA and ARA, as well as new experiments such as KM3NeT, are preparing to probe and further constrain the fireball paradigm of GRB neutrino production. This review includes: Introduction Early theoretical predictions for neutrino fluences due to GRBs Overview of high energy neutrino experiments and related physics Experimental searches for high energy neutrinos from GRBs Prospects for detection of high energy neutrinos from GRBs High Energy Neutrinos from Gamma Ray Bursts: Theoretical Predictions, Experimental Searches, and Prospects for Detection was originally written as a review submitted for my Ph.D. candidacy paper on Nov 23, 2015. It has been edited for a "Short Read" on Amazon Kindle Direct Publishing in Oct 2020. It is a public domain work. Special thanks to the Connolly group at Ohio State University (OSU) and the physics and astronomy departments at OSU. Moreover, I am grateful for the contribution of each and every scientist and author listed in the "References" section of this review. This review would not be possible without their published science and hard work. Please let me know if you find any mistakes or problems, I will fix it. My email is [email protected]. I am happy for this to be a living document. I am anxious to improve it but feel that it needs to be out at this point before that can happen.
Download or read book High Energy Astrophysical Neutrinos written by Debanjan Bose and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-07 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a pedagogical introduction to the likely sources of these neutrinos, their propagation and detection mechanisms. Detection of high energy neutrinos of extragalactic origin has led to an interdisciplinary field of research, involving astronomy, astrophysics and particle physics. An extensive review of various detectors and the observations is provided that consolidates the latest findings. Above a few tens of TeVs, neutrinos are conceived as more reliable messengers for astronomy than photons as these photons get absorbed in the background photon field. Determining the neutrino spectrum not only helps in exploring astrophysical objects like AGN, GRB, etc. but also allows us to study particle physics at unprecedented energies. This introductory book is intended to help advanced undergraduate and graduate students to get into the subject with ease, and it simultaneously caters to practicing theoretical or experimental physicists as a reference book.
Download or read book Time Sensitive Searches for Electromagnetic Counterparts to High Energy Neutrinos written by Colin Turley and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present the results of multiple electromagnetic searches for counterparts of high energy neutrinos detected by the IceCube and ANTARES neutrino observatories. A long standing problem in astrophysics is the cosmic ray origin problem. Due to their electric charge, cosmic rays deflect in the interstellar and intergalactic magnetic fields, obfuscating their origins. Similarly, the origins of high energy neutrinos are largely unknown, with only one positively identified source, the blazar TXS 0506+056.Multimessenger astrophysics offers a method to discover the sources of high energy cosmic rays and neutrinos. The mechanisms that produce cosmic rays and neutrinos are very likely to also produce high energy -rays. Coincident searches for -rays and neutrinos have the potential to reveal the sources of high energy cosmic rays and neutrinos. Such searches have already borne fruit, with the coincident detection of TXS 0506+056.This thesis details several searches for + transients, their results, and what they may indicate for future searches. The first search detailed is a blazar flare analysis, looking for neutrinos coincident with TeV -rays from several bright northern blazars. This search found a statistical excess of neutrinos during blazar flares, but indicated that the blazar Markarian 421 is a strong candidate for either detecting or limiting neutrino emission from blazars. The second and third projects utilized the Fermi-LAT -ray data to search for electromagnetic counterparts to high energy neutrinos. These searches both looked for a population of subthreshold + transients, and for an excess of individually high significance + transients. Using neutrino data from the IceCube 40 and 59 string datasets, we found no evidence of a subthreshold population of + transients, and no individually high significance events. We did observe a trend for IC59 neutrinos to arrive in regions of the sky that were TeV bright (p=7%) and would like to see if this behavior persists in other neutrino datasets. Our search with archival ANTARES data likewise found no subthreshold population of + transients. In parallel with these searches, we also performed X-ray followup to IceCube detections of likely cosmic neutrinos using the Swift satellite. These searches are important to the field of multimessenger astrophysics as they are what led to the detection of the neutrino emitting blazar TXS 0506+056. Targeted coincidence searches, especially time sensitive searches, are essential to finding more neutrino sources and identifying the sources of high-energy cosmic rays.
Download or read book High Energy Cosmic Rays written by Todor Stanev and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022-06-03 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers an accessible text and reference (a cosmic-ray manual) for graduate students entering the field and high-energy astrophysicists will find this an accessible cosmic-ray manual Easy to read for the general astronomer, the first part describes the standard model of cosmic rays based on our understanding of modern particle physics. Presents the acceleration scenario in some detail in supernovae explosions as well as in the passage of cosmic rays through the Galaxy. Compares experimental data in the atmosphere as well as underground are compared with theoretical models
Download or read book Cosmic Rays and Particle Physics written by Thomas K. Gaisser and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over recent years there has been marked growth in interest in the study of techniques of cosmic ray physics by astrophysicists and particle physicists. Cosmic radiation is important for the astrophysicist because in the farther reaches of the universe. For particle physicists, it provides the opportunity to study neutrinos and very high energy particles of galactic origin. More importantly, cosmic rays constitue the background, and in some cases possibly the signal, for the more exotic unconfirmed hypothesized particles such as monopoles and sparticles. Concentrating on the highest energy cosmic rays, this book describes where they originate, acquire energy, and interact, in accreting neutron stars, supernova remnants, in large-scale shock waves. It also describes their interactions in the atmosphere and in the earth, how they are studied in surface and very large underground detectors, and what they tell us.
Download or read book Gamma ray and Neutrino Signatures of Galactic Cosmic ray Accelerators written by Silvia Celli and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-17 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses three “hot” topics concerning the general problem of the origin of Galactic cosmic rays, namely (1) the acceleration, propagation, and radiation of particles in supernova remnants; (2) very high energy neutrinos from the Galactic Center; and (3) the potential held by the next-generation gamma-ray and neutrino detectors CTA and KM3NeT for studying extended non-thermal sources in the Galaxy. The topics are intrinsically connected to determining the nature (“hadronic or leptonic?”) of gamma-ray emissions from young and middle-aged supernova remnants and the search for cosmic-ray PeVatrons. The results and conclusions provided here are based on extensive analytical and numerical simulations, which are formulated and presented in a straightforward format that can be readily used in the interpretations of gamma-ray and neutrino observations, as well as for confident predictions for future measurements.
Download or read book Search for Correlations of High energy Neutrinos and Ultrahigh energy Cosmic Rays written by Lisa Johanna Schumacher and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Searching for Ultra high Energy Neutrinos with Data from a Prototype Station of the Askaryan Radio Array written by Eugene S. Hong and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The observed GZK cutoff in the cosmic ray spectrum has led to a strongly motivated expectation of an ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrino flux arising from the interactions between the highest energy cosmic rays and cosmic microwave background photons. Aside from these diffuse neutrinos, UHE neutrinos are also expected to be produced in the same astrophysics sources producing the UHE cosmic rays such as Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB) and AGNs. Here, we discuss two UHE neutrino searches using data from the Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) prototype Testbed station: one search for a diffuse neutrino flux and another for neutrinos from GRBs. Testbed data from 2011 to 2012 are used for the searches in the thesis. We discuss how we define the analysis cuts, optimize the analysis cut parameters for maximum sensitivity to UHE neutrinos, estimate the number of background and neutrino events, and set neutrino flux constraints in the UHE region (>10^17eV). We use an optimistic flux model from Kotera et. al. 2010 as our baseline model and optimize our analysis cuts for this model. The GRB neutrino search follows the same analysis technique as the diffuse neutrino flux search with some modifications. A timing constraint for each GRB reduces the estimated background dramatically and therefore we can loosen some of our analysis cuts for the GRB neutrino search. We also present detailed descriptions about tools that are used for the searches such as AraSim, a Monte-Carlo simulation that we developed, and RaySolver, a code to carry out ray tracing in ice with a depth-dependent index of refraction model. We present constraints on the neutrino flux from the ARA Testbed for diffuse neutrinos and GRB neutrinos separately. These neutrino flux constraints and analysis techniques from the Testbed will provide a benchmark for the future deep ARA stations' analyses which are expected to improve neutrino flux constraints by a factor of three or more due to differences in the design of the stations.
Download or read book Ultra high Energy Particle Astrophysics written by Shigeru Yoshida and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many kinds of radiation exist in the universe, including photons and particles with a wide range of energies. Some of the radiation is produced in stars and galaxies, and some is cosmological background radiation, a relic from the history of cosmic evolution. Among all this radiation, the most energetic are cosmic ray particles: nucleons, nuclei, and even extremely energetic gamma rays. There are some observational facts about cosmic rays to give suggestions on their origin. The most important one among them is that the energy spectrum of high energy cosmic rays above 10 GeV (where the magnetic field of the sun is no longer a concern) is well represented by a power law form. This indicates cosmic ray particles are products of non-thermal processes. Their energy extends over more than 13 decades from 107 eV up to 1020 eV. In terms of its structure, the spectrum can be divided into three regions: two 'knees' and one 'ankle'. The first 'knee' appears around 3×1015 eV where the spectral power law index changes from -2.7 to -3.0. The second 'knee' is somewhere between 1017 eV and 1018 eV where the spectral slope changes from -3.0 to around -3.3. The 'ankle' is seen at or after 3×1018 eV. Above that energy the spectral slope is around -2.7, but with a large uncertainty because of poor statistics and resolution. This book deals with the final and most energetic population, the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs).
Download or read book Hunting for Cosmic Neutrino Sources from Giga to Exa electronvolt with IceCube written by Alexander Pizzuto and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ever since the first observation of cosmic rays over a century ago, the origins of these high-energy particles have remained a mystery. Identifying and understanding the sources of these cosmic rays could provide invaluable insight into not only astrophysics but also fundamental particle physics. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, a cubic-kilometer neutrino telescope, has made remarkable progress on this front -- first with the detection of a diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux in 2013, and later with the identification of a flaring blazar as a promising neutrino source. However, the sources of the vast majority of the diffuse neutrino flux remain unidentified. The goal of this thesis is to develop tools to identify astrophysical neutrino sources with current neutrino observatories. We show how analyzing neutrino data with new techniques could reveal an immense deal about the nature of the universe's most energetic particle accelerators. First, we describe a pipeline that uses realtime data to search for neutrino emission from astrophysical transients. Next, we look for neutrino emission in the direction of IceCube alert events to constrain populations of neutrino sources. We then present the first ever search for sub-TeV neutrino emission from novae. Lastly, we search for neutrino emission coincident with ANITA neutrino candidates, and show how IceCube can search for neutrinos with energies traditionally reserved for radio neutrino detectors. All of the analyses resulted in non-detections, and we present upper-limits for each. Our results include, but are not limited to, (1) the first constraints on neutrino emission from novae, (2) the first constraints on neutrino emission from fast radio bursts at a level more constraining than the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux, (3) the first constraints on populations of day-scale transient neutrino sources, and (4) the first joint interpretation of very-high-energy optical Cherenkov neutrino data and ultra-high-energy radio neutrino data in the context of astrophysical neutrino sources. Although all of these analyses resulted in non-detections, these tools have already provided interesting constraints on the sources of high-energy neutrinos, and we are hopeful that the tools presented here will assist with the identification of cosmic neutrino sources in the years to come.
Download or read book Analysis of Correlations Between Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays Detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory and High Energy Neutrinos Detected by the IceCube Experiment written by George Filippatos and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sources of ultra high energy cosmic rays detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory are yet unknown. It is natural to expect that cosmic-ray sources could produce high-energy neutrinos detectable by IceCube. In this work we discuss the potential utility and implementation of a correlation search between IceCube and Auger. Any such correlations would allow an unprecedented view of transient astrophysical events, such as a gamma-ray burst. Where previous studies have focused on thehighest energy events(ECR > 57 EeV), weanalyzethe subthreshold data available in the IceCube public dataset and overlapping Auger data down to ECR = 3 EeV. A likelihood estimator is constructed from spatial and temporal correlations based on Monte Carlo simulations of the data. Data is compared to a randomized (scrambled) data set, where any correlations are bound to be accidental, and shown to be consistent with the background hypothesis. We then discuss how this procedure can be used in a real time search, allowing for any coincidences with sufciently high likelihood to be followed up with near real time multiwavelength observations.
Download or read book Ultra High Energy Hadron and Neutrino Astrophysics written by Peter K. F. Grieder and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2025-06-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultra-High Energy Hadron and Neutrino Astrophysics covers ultrahigh energy neutrino and hadron astronomy in the context of the search for the sources of the highest energy cosmic rays. It gives a broad and solid background for the newcomer to this field of research in the first few chapters, beginning with a comprehensive review of the evolution of astronomy, the present status of our knowledge on the cosmic radiation, discusses the interactions that are relevant for the propagation and detection of the cosmic radiation in space, in the atmosphere, and in the Earth's crust. The phenomenon of extensive air showers as a tool of hadron astronomy, spectral and compositional aspects of the high energy primary radiation, and the status of the anisotropy are treated comprehensively. This is followed by chapters on the interpretation of cosmic ray phenomena at high energies, and on the propagation of the cosmic radiation through galactic and extragalactic space. The subsequent chapters focus on the properties of muons and neutrinos, on the atmospheric neutrino background, and on astrophysical (cosmogenic) neutrinos. The basic detection principles are discussed and the different giant detector systems presented, including environmental aspects and background problems. The major experiments, in particular the successful IceCube experiment at Antarctica, are described and their results and interpretations discussed. - Provides a historic review of the field, summarizing the evolution of all branches of astronomy - Provides a broad introduction to ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and high-energy astrophysical neutrinos - Covers the prerequisites for students in UHE neutrino and hadron astronomy, and astrophysics - Includes numerous figures and graphs to support the text - Features a list of over 1500 references and an extensive subject index
