Download or read book The Scientific Attitude written by Lee McIntyre and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An argument that what makes science distinctive is its emphasis on evidence and scientists' willingness to change theories on the basis of new evidence. Attacks on science have become commonplace. Claims that climate change isn't settled science, that evolution is “only a theory,” and that scientists are conspiring to keep the truth about vaccines from the public are staples of some politicians' rhetorical repertoire. Defenders of science often point to its discoveries (penicillin! relativity!) without explaining exactly why scientific claims are superior. In this book, Lee McIntyre argues that what distinguishes science from its rivals is what he calls “the scientific attitude”—caring about evidence and being willing to change theories on the basis of new evidence. The history of science is littered with theories that were scientific but turned out to be wrong; the scientific attitude reveals why even a failed theory can help us to understand what is special about science. McIntyre offers examples that illustrate both scientific success (a reduction in childbed fever in the nineteenth century) and failure (the flawed “discovery” of cold fusion in the twentieth century). He describes the transformation of medicine from a practice based largely on hunches into a science based on evidence; considers scientific fraud; examines the positions of ideology-driven denialists, pseudoscientists, and “skeptics” who reject scientific findings; and argues that social science, no less than natural science, should embrace the scientific attitude. McIntyre argues that the scientific attitude—the grounding of science in evidence—offers a uniquely powerful tool in the defense of science.
Download or read book The Scientific Attitude written by Frederick Grinnell and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 1992-03-06 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDE presents a systematic account of the cognitive and social features of science. Written by an experimental biologist actively engaged in research, the work is unique in its attempt to understand science in terms of day-to-day practice. The book goes beyond the traditional description of science that focuses on method and logic to characterize the scientific attitude as a way of looking at the world. Professor Grinnell uses examples from biomedical research to describe science at three interdependent levels. At the first level, the individual scientist makes observations, formulates hypotheses, and does experiments. The scientist's thought style determines what can be seen and what it will appear to mean. At the second level, scientists participate in social institutions such as graduate programs, research groups, journal editorial boards, and grant review panels. Each of these institutions tries to promote its own distinctive collective thought style. Finally, at the third level, scientists participate in the world of everyday life beyond science, a world that continuously influences and is influenced by the activities and discoveries of science.
Download or read book The Scientific Attitude written by C. H. Waddington and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1941 (this edition in 1968), this book explores the relationship between science, culture, and society- focusing on human beings, and human communities. Here, C. H. Waddington uses the concept of science to mean more than factual information about genes and haemoglobin and his subject is the effect of scientific ways of speaking on the ways in which people look at the world around them. The work discusses biological assumptions made by various communities, particularly fascist movements, on human beings and compares them with the scientific attitude. The Nazis for instance spoke about ‘racial purity’ and ‘German blood’ but these expressions, whilst arousing emotion, had, and have, no rational meaning- they are inaccurate and tell us nothing of human genetics. As well as presenting a scientific argument, being published initially in 1941, this book also acts as a historical document, conveying some of the feeling of living through WWII. It highlights the fact that science and scientific assumptions have very wide implications for the whole conduct of life.
Download or read book Scientific Attitude written by D.Bhaskara Rao and published by Discovery Publishing House. This book was released on 2003 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science educators have included the development of scientific attitude among the general aims of science education since the beginning of the present century. To many science educators, a man with scientific attitude looks for the natural causes of events, is open-minded towards the work and opinion of others and towards information related to his problem, forms opinion and conclusions on adequate evidence, evaluates techniques and procedures used and information obtained, and is curious concerning the things he observes. Contents: Introduction, Related Literature, Research Design, Data Analysis, Summary, Conclusions and Discussion.
Download or read book The Science of Attitudes written by Joel Cooper and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Science of Attitudes is the first book to integrate classic and modern research in the field of attitudes at a scholarly level. Designed primarily for advanced undergraduates and graduate students, the presentation of research will also be useful for current scholars in all disciplines who are interested in how attitudes are formed and changed. The treatment of attitudes is both thorough and unique, taking a historical approach while simultaneously highlighting contemporary views and controversies. The book traces attitudes research from the inception of scientific study following World War II to the issues and methods of research that are prominent features of today’s research. Researchers in the field of attitudes will be particularly interested in classic and modern research on the organization, structure, strength and function of attitudes. Researchers in the field of persuasion will be particularly interested in work on attitude change focusing on propositional and associative learning, metacognition and dynamic theories of dissonance, balance and reactance. The book is designed to present the integration of the properties of the attitude with the dynamic considerations of attitude change. The Science of Attitudes is also the first book on attitudes to devote entire chapters to work on implicit measurements, resistance to persuasion, and social neuroscience.
Download or read book Can Scientists Believe written by Sir Nevill Mott and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this collection of thought-provoking essays, a range of distinguished scientists and theologians, men and women, young and old, all with strong scientific training and deeply held religious beliefs, in the Judeao-Christian tradition, give their personal answers. They do not always agree, the views of each contributor being informed both by their particular scientific expertise and religious affiliation. They address a wide range of problems that will interest all concerned to reconcile their own religious beliefs with currently-accepted scientific theory and practice. The divergences of opinion are as a significant as the agreements. Positions are thoughtfully explained and make important, often novel and illuminating, contributions to debate on these great issues.
Download or read book Scientific Attitude and Cognitive Styles written by D.N. Dani and published by Northern Book Centre. This book was released on 1989 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major goals of teaching in general, and science teaching, in particular, are to develop a scientific attitude among the pupils and to make them analytical pattern in thinking. Scientific Attitude and Cognitive Styles discusses the concepts, constructs tools and procedures for the measurement of these two variables. Based on an extensive research on school going adolescents, this book first gives a comprehensive survey of the work done in the past and then elucidated the domain wise components of the scientific attitude, obtained through factor analysis of scientific attitude scores. Then it deals with the effect of major educational, psychological and sociological factors on cognitive styles and scientific attitude and the inter-relationship between these two variables. It first describes the extent to which the scientific attitude and the field-dependent and field-independent cognitive styles exist in our school going adolescents. At the end, it discuses the implications of the findings for researchers, teachers and teacher-educators. The book will be useful for post-graduate students, researchers and teachers working in the fields of education, psychology, and sociology.
Download or read book The Scientific Attitude written by Lee McIntyre and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This “intelligent treatise articulates why the pursuit of scientific truths, even if inevitably flawed . . . matters” in our post-truth world (Publishers Weekly). What separates science from other disciplines? An attitude that respects evidence and is willing to evolve as new evidence arises. Attacks on science have become commonplace. Claims that climate change isn’t settled science, that evolution is “only a theory,” and that scientists are conspiring to keep the truth about vaccines from the public are staples of some politicians’ rhetorical repertoire. Defenders of science often point to its discoveries (penicillin! relativity!) without explaining exactly why scientific claims are superior. In this book, Lee McIntyre argues that what distinguishes science from its rivals is what he calls “the scientific attitude”—caring about evidence and being willing to change theories on the basis of new evidence. The history of science is littered with theories that were scientific but turned out to be wrong; the scientific attitude reveals why even a failed theory can help us to understand what is special about science. In this book, McIntyre explores: • Historical cases that illustrate both scientific success and failure • The transformation of medicine from a practice based on hunches to a science based on evidence • Scientific fraud and ideology-driven denialists, pseudoscientists, and “skeptics” • How social science should embrace the scientific attitude Ultimately, McIntyre says, the grounding of science in evidence offers a uniquely powerful tool in the defense of science itself.
Download or read book Educational Aspirations And Scientific Attitudes written by Kalluri Durga Rani and published by Discovery Publishing House. This book was released on 2003 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: Educational Aspirations and Scientific Attitudes: The Problem and Its Significance, Related Research, Research Procedure, Analysis of Data, Conclusions, Discussions and Suggestions.
Download or read book Scientific Attitude Vis A Vis Scientific Aptitude written by D.Bhaskara Rao and published by Discovery Publishing House. This book was released on 2003 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present research study is intended to identify the level of scientific attitude and scientific aptitude of secondary school students. Six hundred students were made subjects and the standardised tools revealed the possession of these two by the sample. The sample was possessing an average level of scientific attitude and scientific aptitude. Both were having a significant positive interrelationship. The diagnosis, conclusions, discussions and suggestions offered in this book will help the students, teachers, researchers, educationist and planners in properly developing the scientific attitude and scientific aptitude utilizing all the available channels.
Download or read book The Scientific Attitude written by Frederick Grinnell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-09 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science is many things: a way of thinking and an activity of individuals in the laboratory; a highly structured institution that recruits, instructs, and regulates its members; a sensitive, interactive, and integrated segment of modern culture and society. Professor Frederick Grinnell presents in this valuable text and survey a clear and comprehensive introduction to all these aspects of science from the point of view of the scientist. Using many examples, drawn primarily from the biomedical sciences but also from everyday life, the author provides the ideal general Introduction to science studies. He goes beyond narrow considerations of methodology to consider broader questions of science as attitude, process, institution, and social force. The text is enhanced by the author's familiarity with several philosophical traditions and the light they throw on the scientific attitude. The text Is straightforward, free of jargon, and completely accessible to beginning students as well as to scientists and laypersons. Professional scholars will also profit from the book's unique blending of the various perspectives on science.
Download or read book Scientific Attitude Scientific Aptitude And Achievement written by D.B. Rao and published by Discovery Publishing House. This book was released on 2010 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research study gives in detail the theoretical perspectives and research results concerned to scientific attitude, scientific aptitude and achievement in biology. This report will help the researchers to probe into the unsorted areas, the planners to frame feasible policies, the authors to develop suitable books, the teachers to provide appropriate learning experiences, and the students to enhance the traits to the expected levels.
Download or read book How to Talk to a Science Denier written by Lee McIntyre and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-08-17 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can we change the minds of science deniers? Encounters with flat earthers, anti-vaxxers, coronavirus truthers, and others. "Climate change is a hoax--and so is coronavirus." "Vaccines are bad for you." These days, many of our fellow citizens reject scientific expertise and prefer ideology to facts. They are not merely uninformed--they are misinformed. They cite cherry-picked evidence, rely on fake experts, and believe conspiracy theories. How can we convince such people otherwise? How can we get them to change their minds and accept the facts when they don't believe in facts? In this book, Lee McIntyre shows that anyone can fight back against science deniers, and argues that it's important to do so. Science denial can kill. Drawing on his own experience--including a visit to a Flat Earth convention--as well as academic research, McIntyre outlines the common themes of science denialism, present in misinformation campaigns ranging from tobacco companies' denial in the 1950s that smoking causes lung cancer to today's anti-vaxxers. He describes attempts to use his persuasive powers as a philosopher to convert Flat Earthers; surprising discussions with coal miners; and conversations with a scientist friend about genetically modified organisms in food. McIntyre offers tools and techniques for communicating the truth and values of science, emphasizing that the most important way to reach science deniers is to talk to them calmly and respectfully--to put ourselves out there, and meet them face to face.
Download or read book The Myth of Scientific Literacy written by Morris Herbert Shamos and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shamos argues that a meaningful scientific literacy cannot be achieved in the first place, and the attempt is a misuse of human resources on a grand scale. He is skeptical about forecasts of "critical shortfalls in scientific manpower" and about the motives behind crash programs to get more young people into the science pipeline.
Download or read book Communicating Science Effectively written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-03-08 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science and technology are embedded in virtually every aspect of modern life. As a result, people face an increasing need to integrate information from science with their personal values and other considerations as they make important life decisions about medical care, the safety of foods, what to do about climate change, and many other issues. Communicating science effectively, however, is a complex task and an acquired skill. Moreover, the approaches to communicating science that will be most effective for specific audiences and circumstances are not obvious. Fortunately, there is an expanding science base from diverse disciplines that can support science communicators in making these determinations. Communicating Science Effectively offers a research agenda for science communicators and researchers seeking to apply this research and fill gaps in knowledge about how to communicate effectively about science, focusing in particular on issues that are contentious in the public sphere. To inform this research agenda, this publication identifies important influences â€" psychological, economic, political, social, cultural, and media-related â€" on how science related to such issues is understood, perceived, and used.
Download or read book Constructivism in Science Education written by K. V. Sridevi and published by Discovery Publishing House. This book was released on 2008 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Study conducted at Demonstration Multipurpose School and Kendriya Vidyalaya situated in Mysore, Karnataka, India.
Download or read book Scientifc Attitude written by dr. sandeep kumar and published by Uttkarsh Prakashan. This book was released on 2019-06-07 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: this is a very good book
