Download or read book Salt Effect on Vapourliquid Equilibrium for the Binary System Methanol ethyl Acetate written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the recent time many scientists and technologists have drawn their attention towards the substitution of a solvent with a non-volatile solid salt in azeotropic distillation which alters the relative volatility. But so far, experimentally, little advancement have been made in this field. The salt effect on vapour-liquid equilibrium of the system: Methanol(1) + Ethyl Acetate(2), for constant liquid composition and under the varied concentrations of the two salts-Lithium Chloride(LiCl) and Lithium Bromide(LiBr)have been reported in this present work. To prefigure a suitable correlation, the salt effect data obtained experimentally is analyzed. A primary estimation of salt effect on the vapour-liquid equilibrium of the binary system has been presented. Salting-in and Salting-out phenomena are also presented. Under the section of previous investigations and literature review, the history and the development of the work done in this area has been reported along with the vapour pressure measurements and VLE data for the boiling systems. A modified othmer still, a bulb condenser, a magnetic stirrer-cum heater and a glass thermometer forms the experimental setup and refractive index method has been used for vapour composition analysis, with the help of a digital refractometer with the prism temperature, maintained constant at 20°C i.e. nDt. Activity coefficient has been calculated using the experimental data which is further used in determining theoretical VLE data that can be further correlated with the experimental one to find thermodynamic consistency. The effect of two inorganic salts-lithium chloride and lithium bromide on the vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) has been investigated under the atmospheric conditions of 98.6 ± 0.03 kpa pressure. In the present study it has been found that the system forms a minimum boiling azeotrope at 0.732 mole fraction of methanol at 62.6°C. The azeotrope shifts from 0.732 to 0.629, 0,586, 0.472 and 0.471 by addition of 5%, 10%, 15% and 2.

Download or read book Effect of Salts on Binary Vapor liquid Equilibria written by Jerome H. Targovnik and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Vapor Liquid Equilibrium in Alcohol Water Systems Containing Dissolved Acetate Salts written by William F. Furter and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium data at atmospheric pressure are reported for seven systems, each consisting of water, an alcohol (methanol or ethanol), and an anhydrous acetate salt (of sodium, potassium, bariuum, or calcium) dissolved to saturation in the boiling liquid phase. These systems are intended to complete a matrix about the single system ethanol-water-potassium acetate for which data were reported previously. Solubility data are reported in terms of saturation salt concentration as a function of alcohol-water proportionality in the liquid. Sodium acetate as well as potassium acetate was found capable of eliminating completely the ethanol-water azeotrope. Major differences in the effects of these salts as compared to those reported for other salts in the salt-effect literature were observed. Systems were discovered in which the salt appeared to cause both salting out and salting in of the alcohol in differing composition regions of the same system, the predominating effect depending on the relative proportions of alcohol and water. Systems were also discovered in which the salt salted-in the component in which it was less soluble. (Author).

Download or read book Vapor liquid Equilibrium Data salt Effect written by Shūzō Ōe and published by Elsevier Science & Technology. This book was released on 1991 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data of solutions are necessary for the design of distillation and absorption processes. VLE exhibits various characteristics depending on the type of solution. In the case of nonideal solutions, an azeotropic mixture is formed which cannot be separated by ordinary distillation. The mixture must be separated by adding a third component, called an entrainer, which has the capability of breaking the azeotropic point. In most cases, a volatile component is employed as an entrainer for an azeotropic mixture. However, salt is also effective in breaking the point; this is called the salt effect on VLE. Much has been observed on salt effect, however very few commercial distillation plants use this method. This book aims to cover all reported data found in journals on salt effect on VLE. Prediction methods for VLE at low and high pressures for systems composed of volatile substances are used routinely, However, no method to predict the salt effect on VLE is in use, because salts show entirely different behavior from volatile substances. A method to predict salt effect based on preferential solvation was reported by the author in 1976.30 systems were examined and the formation of preferential solvates between the salt and one of the volatile components was shown. Continuing the work, the formation of preferential solvates for almost all salt effect data has been examined. As a result of this work, it has been found that preferential solvates are formed without exception. In this volume, the preferential solvation numbers determined by least squares method are shown by processing the data of salt effect on VLE.

Download or read book Salt Effect in Vapor liquid Equilibrium Methanol toluene System written by Linus Enemmor Aneke and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Salt Effects on the Vapor liquid Equilibrium of Methanol water Systems written by James C. Baker and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Salt Effects in Liquid Vapor Equilibrium A New Equation for the Ethanol Water System Saturated with Salt written by D. Jaques and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new equation for salt effect in vapor-liquid equilibrium is presented, which correlates temperature and the liquid-phase concentrations of all three components with equilibrium vapor composition, for isobaric systems consisting of a binary to which a salt has been added to saturation. The equation was tested successfully with literature data for 12 ethanol-water-salt systems, yielding a better fit for all 12 systems than the one-constant equation of Johnson and Furter, and with the confidence level for the comparison in excess of 99.9% for six of the systems tested. (Author).

Download or read book Vapour liquid Equilibrium written by Eduard Hála and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1967 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Salt Effects on Vapor Liquid Equilibrium Some Anomalies written by David Meranda and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental data are presented for five systems, each consisting of water, an alcohol (methanol or ethanol), and an inorganic salt dissolved to saturation in the boiling liquid phase. The data confirm and extend knowledge of recently discovered anomalies to the general theory of salt effect in vapor-liquid equilibrium. A partial accounting for the observed anomalies is attempted based on recent advances in the understanding of the structural nature of alcohol-water mixtures. (Author).

Download or read book The Vapor liquid Equilibrium of the System Methanol ethanol acetone and Its Component Binaries written by Hassanein Hamed Amer and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Vapor liquid Equilibrium Data Bibliography written by Ivan Wichterle and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Vapor liquid Equilibria in the Ternary System Ethyl Acetate benzene cyclohexane written by Kwang-chu Chao and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Salt effect in Vapor liquid Equilibria for the System Isopropyl Alcohol water sodium Chloride written by Robert S. Kapner and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Salt effect in vapor liquid equilibrium written by William Frederick Furter and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Salt Effect in Vapor liquid Equilibrium written by Edward Ciesla and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Vapor Liquid Equilibria Using Unifac written by Aage Fredenslund and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vapor-Liquid Equilibria Using UNIFAC: A Group-Contribution Method focuses on the UNIFAC group-contribution method used in predicting quantitative information on the phase equilibria during separation by estimating activity coefficients. Drawing on tested vapor-liquid equilibrium data on which UNIFAC is based, it demonstrates through examples how the method may be used in practical engineering design calculations. Divided into nine chapters, this volume begins with a discussion of vapor and liquid phase nonidealities and how they are calculated in terms of fugacity and activity coefficients, respectively. It then introduces the reader to the UNIFAC method and how it works, the procedure used in establishing the parameters needed for the model, prediction of binary and multicomponent vapor-liquid equilibria for a large number of systems, the potential of UNIFAC for predicting liquid-liquid equilibria, and how UNIFAC can be used to solve practical distillation design problems. This book will benefit process design engineers who want to reliably predict phase equilibria for designing distillation columns and other separation processes.

Download or read book Salt Effects in Vapor Liquid Equilibrium Testing the Thermodynamic Consistency of Ethanol Water Saturated With Inorganic Salts written by Derek Jaques and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A semi-empirical test for the thermodynamic consistency of isobaric liquid-vapor equilibrium data for ethanol-water saturated with a salt is proposed. The test is based upon an adaptation of the Herington method in which the ternary system is treated as a special binary. The test is applied both to full concentration range data and to data which are incomplete at the high alcohol end. For data which are incomplete at the high water end, a less severe test is employed. Literature data for 23 system composed of ethanol, water, and an inorganic salt at saturation were tested. By the criterion of the proposed test, fourteen were deemed consistent, six were borderline, and three were pronounced inconsistent. (Author).