Download or read book Safely Destroying America s Stockpile of Chemical Weapons written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safely Destroying America s Chemical Weapons written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safely Destroying America s Stockpile of Chemical Weapons written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Destruction of the U S Chemical Weapons Stockpile written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Terrorism, Unconventional Threats, and Capabilities and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program was established with the goal of destroying the nation's stockpile of lethal unitary chemical weapons. Since 1990 the U.S. Army has been testing a baseline incineration technology on Johnston Island in the southern Pacific Ocean. Under the planned disposal program, this baseline technology will be imported in the mid to late 1990s to continental United States disposal facilities; construction will include eight stockpile storage sites. In early 1992 the Committee on Alternative Chemical Demilitarization Technologies was formed by the National Research Council to investigate potential alternatives to the baseline technology. This book, the result of its investigation, addresses the use of alternative destruction technologies to replace, partly or wholly, or to be used in addition to the baseline technology. The book considers principal technologies that might be applied to the disposal program, strategies that might be used to manage the stockpile, and combinations of technologies that might be employed.
Download or read book Convention on the Prohibition of the Development Production Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction written by and published by Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. This book was released on 1993 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book By Fire and Ice written by David A. Koplow and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-01-26 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, first published in 1997, examines the forced merger between national security interests and environmental policy makers arising from the Chemical Weapons Convention and its requirement to safely dismantle the world’s chemical weapons stockpiles. The two groups had to find a way to intersect and work together, and this book analyses the problems and politics involved.
Download or read book Chemical Weapons written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Weapons and Material written by Thomas J. Howard and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1997-06 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sine 1985, the Army has spent $3.2 billion on its programs for destroying the U.S. stockpile of chemical munitions and planning for the disposal of nonstockpile chemical warfare materiel. The Army estimates that $24.4 billion more will be needed to complete these programs. This report describes the DoD's programs for destroying the U.S. stockpile of chemical munitions and planning for the disposal of nonstockpile chemical warfare materiel. Provides an overall assessment of the programs' cost and schedule, alternatives for improving program effectiveness and efficiency, and actions the Army has and is taking to improve the programs. Charts and tables.
Download or read book The U S Chemical Weapons Destruction Program written by Amy E. Smithson and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Review of International Technologies for Destruction of Recovered Chemical Warfare Materiel written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-11-02 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chemical Weapons Convention requires, among other things, that the signatories to the conventionâ€"which includes the United Statesâ€"destroy by April 29, 2007, or as soon possible thereafter, any chemical warfare materiel that has been recovered from sites where it has been buried once discovered. For several years the United States and several other countries have been developing and using technologies to dispose of this non-stockpile materiel. To determine whether international efforts have resulted in technologies that would benefit the U.S. program, the U.S. Army asked the NRC to evaluate and compare such technologies to those now used by the United States. This book presents a discussion of factors used in the evaluations, summaries of evaluations of several promising international technologies for processing munitions and for agent-only processing, and summaries of other technologies that are less likely to be of benefit to the U.S. program at this time.
Download or read book Chemical Weapons Destruction written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Weapons Disposal Improvements Needed in Program Accountability and Financial Management written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1985, the Congress required the Department of Defense to carry out the destruction of the U.S. stockpile of chemical agents and munitions and establish an organization within the Army to manage the disposal program. Over time, the Congress also directed the Department of Defense to dispose of chemical warfare materiel not included in the stockpile and to research and develop technological alternatives for disposing of chemical agents and munitions. Under the United Nations-sponsored Chemical Weapons Convention ratified by the U.S. Senate in 1997, the Department of Defense agreed to dispose of its 31,496-ton stockpile of chemical weapons stored throughout the United States and its territories. The convention requires that the chemical stockpile and chemical warfare materiel, such as recovered chemical weapons and training sets, be destroyed by April 29, 2007. The Department of Defense has spent approximately $6.2 billion and estimates that it will spend another $8.7 billion on its disposal efforts under the Chemical Demilitarization Program.
Download or read book Chemical Weapons written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program was established with the goal of destroying the nation's stockpile of lethal unitary chemical weapons. Since 1990 the U.S. Army has been testing a baseline incineration technology on Johnston Island in the southern Pacific Ocean. Under the planned disposal program, this baseline technology will be imported in the mid to late 1990s to continental United States disposal facilities; construction will include eight stockpile storage sites. In early 1992 the Committee on Alternative Chemical Demilitarization Technologies was formed by the National Research Council to investigate potential alternatives to the baseline technology. This book, the result of its investigation, addresses the use of alternative destruction technologies to replace, partly or wholly, or to be used in addition to the baseline technology. The book considers principal technologies that might be applied to the disposal program, strategies that might be used to manage the stockpile, and combinations of technologies that might be employed.
Download or read book Systems and Technologies for the Treatment of Non Stockpile Chemical Warfare Materiel written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-07-01 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main approach adopted by the U.S. Army for destruction of all declared chemical weapon materiel (CWM) is incineration. There has been considerable public opposition to this approach, however, and the Army is developing a mix of fixed site and mobile treatment technologies to dispose of non-stockpile CWM. To assist in this effort, the Army requested NRC to review and evaluate these technologies, and to assess its plans for obtaining regulatory approval for and to involve the public in decisions about the application of those technologies. This book presents an assessment of non-stockpile treatment options and the application of these systems to the non-stockpile inventory, of regulatory and permitting issues, and of the role of the public.
Download or read book Disposal of Neutralent Wastes written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-04-29 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical warfare materiel (CWM) is a collection of diverse items that were used during 60 years of efforts by the United States to develop a capability for conducting chemical warfare. Nonstockpile CWM, which is not included in the current U.S. inventory of chemical munitions, includes buried materiel, recovered materiel, binary chemical weapons, former production facilities, and miscellaneous materiel. CWM that was buried in pits on former military sites is now being dug up as the land is being developed for other purposes. Other CWM is on or near the surface at former test and firing ranges. According to the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), which was ratified by the United States in April 1997, nonstockpile CWM items in storage at the time of ratification must be destroyed by 2007. The U.S. Army is the designated executive agent for destroying CWM. Nonstockpile CWM is being handled by the Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Program (NSCMP); stockpile CWM is the responsibility of the Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program. Because nonstockpile CWM is stored or buried in many locations, the Army is developing transportable disposal systems that can be moved from site to site as needed. The Army has plans to test prototypes of three transportable systems-the rapid response system (RRS), the munitions management device (MMD), and the explosive destruction system (EDS)-for accessing and destroying a range of nonstockpile chemical agents and militarized industrial chemicals. The RRS is designed to treat recovered chemical agent identification sets (CAIS), which contain small amounts of chemical agents and a variety of highly toxic industrial chemicals. The MMD is designed to treat nonexplosively configured chemical munitions. The EDS is designed to treat munitions containing chemical agents with energetics equivalent to three pounds of TNT or less. These munitions are considered too unstable to be transported or stored. A prototype EDS system has recently been tested in England by non-stockpile program personnel. Although originally proposed for evaluation in this report, no test data were available to the committee on the composition of wastes from the EDS. Therefore, alternative technologies for the destruction of EDS wastes will be discussed in a supplemental report in fall 2001. Treatment of solid wastes, such as metal munition bodies, packing materials, and carbon air filters, were excluded from this report. Review and Evaluation of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Disposal Program: Disposal of Neutralent Wastes evaluates the near-term (1999-2005) application of advanced (nonincineration) technologies, such as from the Army's Assembled Chemical Weapons Assessment Program and the Alternative Technologies and Approaches Project, in a semi-fixed, skid-mounted mode to process Rapid Response System, Munitions Management Device, and Explosive Destruction System liquid neutralization wastes.
