Download or read book Russian Naval Activity in the Mediterranean written by U S Military and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-04-09 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NATO's southern flank has been exposed to a wide range of threats and challenges from Middle Eastern and North African instability, including terrorism, illegal trafficking, and mass migration. Against this backdrop, since 2008, Russia has increased its Mediterranean naval activity to levels not observed since the Cold War. This study investigates the extent to which the perceptions and policies of France, Italy, and Spain have shifted in response to Russia's expanded Mediterranean presence. Although its naval presence was once considered a low-priority threat, Russia's recent behavior has led to some significant changes in the perceptions and security policies of these Allies. Greater attention to this Mediterranean naval challenge has been consistent with the intensification of Russian military aggression, and these Allies increasingly share Alliance concerns about Russia's conventional military threat. However, immediate nontraditional security issues remain a more urgent priority, a circumstance that limits the extent to which these Allies are willing to regard Russia's naval presence as a threat. While both unilateral and multilateral initiatives have been steps toward improving security and stability in the Mediterranean, these Allies continue to seek the right set of measures needed to address this dynamic environment.This compilation includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community.I. Introduction * A. Major Research Question * B. Significance of the Research Question * C. Literature Review * D. Potential Explanations and Hypotheses * E. Research Design * F. Study Overview * II. Russia In The Mediterranean - The Pursuit Of A Permanent Presence * A. Soviets in the Mediterranean * B. Russia's Mediterranean Rise * C. Conclusion * III. France, Italy, Spain: Perceptions and Policies * A. France * B. Italy * C. Spain * D. Conclusion * IV. French, Italian, and Spanish Multilateral Security Cooperation Initiatives * A. European Union Initiatives * B. NATO Initiatives * C. Conclusion * V. Prospects and Challenges * A. Russia's Future Mediterranean Activity * B. France, Italy, and Spain * C. NATO and the EU * D. Conclusion * VI. ConclusionGiven the January 2017 Russian-Syrian agreement to grant Russia a 49-year lease for access to the Tartus Naval Base and Russia's evident intention to maintain a permanent naval presence in the eastern Mediterranean, what are the perceptions and policies of France, Italy, and Spain on this increased presence? What policy conclusions have they drawn? This study identifies changes in officially articulated perceptions and policies in these countries since 2008 and strives to distinguish developments attributable not only to Russia, but also to other factors in the Mediterranean region, including terrorism, failed states, religious fanaticism, illegal trafficking, organized crime, and migrant and refugee flows. Additionally, this study analyzes the extent to which Mediterranean security cooperation initiatives assist France, Italy, and Spain in the management of security priorities.
Download or read book Russian Seapower and the Eastern Question 1827 41 written by John C.K. Daly and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991-06-18 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the Black Sea fleet between 1827-1841, this book assesses Russia's naval strength against other Mediterranean powers, especially the Ottoman Empire, arguing their limitations came from geographic, political and economic considerations. Primary and secondary sources are utilized.
Download or read book The Russian Navy and the Mediterranean 1695 1917 written by Dieter Matthei and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Russia s Sea power Past and Present written by George Sydenham Clarke Baron Sydenham of Combe and published by . This book was released on 1898 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Russian Navy written by Eric Morris and published by Hamish Hamilton. This book was released on 1977 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book To Rule the Waves written by Bruce Jones and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From a brilliant Brookings Institution expert, an “important” (The Wall Street Journal) and “penetrating historical and political study” (Nature) of the critical role that oceans play in the daily struggle for global power, in the bestselling tradition of Robert Kaplan’s The Revenge of Geography. For centuries, oceans were the chessboard on which empires battled for supremacy. But in the nuclear age, air power and missile systems dominated our worries about security, and for the United States, the economy was largely driven by domestic production, with trucking and railways that crisscrossed the continent serving as the primary modes of commercial transit. All that has changed, as nine-tenths of global commerce and the bulk of energy trade is today linked to sea-based flows. A brightly painted forty-foot steel shipping container loaded in Asia with twenty tons of goods may arrive literally anywhere else in the world; how that really happens and who actually profits from it show that the struggle for power on the seas is a critical issue today. Now, in vivid, closely observed prose, Bruce Jones conducts us on a fascinating voyage through the great modern ports and naval bases—from the vast container ports of Hong Kong and Shanghai to the vital naval base of the American Seventh Fleet in Hawaii to the sophisticated security arrangements in the Port of New York. Along the way, the book illustrates how global commerce works, that we are amidst a global naval arms race, and why the oceans are so crucial to America’s standing going forward. As Jones reveals, the three great geopolitical struggles of our time—for military power, for economic dominance, and over our changing climate—are playing out atop, within, and below the world’s oceans. The essential question, he shows, is this: who will rule the waves and set the terms of the world to come?
Download or read book Soviet Naval Activities in the Mediterranean written by James V. Zimmerman and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sea Power in the Mediterranean written by Edward Luttwak and published by Sage Publications (CA). This book was released on 1979 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soviet Naval Diplomacy written by Bradford Dismukes and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1979 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The British Navy in the Mediterranean written by John D. Grainger and published by Boydell & Brewer. This book was released on 2017 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of the activities of the British navy in the Mediterranean from the earliest times until the present.
Download or read book Soviet Naval Policy in the Mediterranean written by Carey B. Joynt and published by Bethlehem, Pa. : Department of International Relations, Lehigh University. This book was released on 1972 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On Wide Seas written by Claude Berube and published by University of Alabama Press. This book was released on 2021-12-14 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A detailed account of how the US Navy modernized itself between the War of 1812 and the Civil War, through strategic approaches to its personnel, operations, technologies, and policies, among them an emerging officer corps, which sought to professionalize its own ranks, modernize the platforms on which it sailed, and define its own role within national affairs and in the broader global maritime commons"--
Download or read book The Soviet Naval Challenge in the Mediterranean written by Jack E. Wakefield and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The basic theme of this essay is the increased Soviet naval presence in the Mediterranean Sea. Traditional Soviet interests in the Mediterranean and the Middle East are enumerated. The evolution of increasing Soviet naval presence is traced from World War II to the present. The composition of the Soviet squadron, Escadra, is outlined and the implications of its structure and capabilities discussed. The present Soviet naval presence in the Mediterranean is a security motivated response to Western alliances and the dominance of the US Sixth Fleet on the Mediterranean. Russia's long range quest is for strategic mobility and a role as a major sea power. (Author).
Download or read book The Decline of European Naval Forces written by Jeremy Stohs and published by Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2018-04-15 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Decline of European Naval Forces aims to provide insight into the evolution of Europe’s naval forces since the end of the Cold War. To illuminate the drastic changes many European navies have undergone over the last twenty-five years, Jeremy Stöhs analyzes the defense policies and naval strategies of eleven European states as well as the evolution, deployment, and capabilities of their respective naval forces. In these case studies, the development of Europe’s most important naval forces is assessed per the respective strategic framework in which they have operated over the past two decades. Stöhs describes not only the general composition of each force but also the range of their capabilities and their important technical features. His study shows that since the end of the Cold War, all but a few European navies have significantly decreased in size and, thus, have ceded important capabilities along the way. Based on the understanding of sea power as a prerequisite for political influence and economic health, the consequences of the geopolitical shift toward the Asian-Pacific region, and most importantly the general decline of Europe’s traditional naval capabilities, the author concludes that the ability of European states to influence events near and abroad by means of their naval forces has atrophied and will continue to be called into question in the future.
Download or read book The Chinese Navy written by Institute for National Strategic Studies and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2011-12-27 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tells the story of the growing Chinese Navy - The People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) - and its expanding capabilities, evolving roles and military implications for the USA. Divided into four thematic sections, this special collection of essays surveys and analyzes the most important aspects of China's navel modernization.
Download or read book Mediterranean Sea Battles written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents "Mediterranean Sea Battles," chapter six of "The History of the Russian Navy," provided online by RUSnet in honor of the 1996 300th anniversary of the Russian Navy. Highlights the battles fought on the Mediterranean Sea in the 1800s.
Download or read book The Mediterranean Fleet 1919 1929 written by Paul G. Halpern and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2011 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Post-First World War, the Mediterranean Fleet found itself in the Eastern Mediterranean, the Sea of Marmora, the Black Sea and the Adriatic. The collapse of the Ottoman, Russian and Habsburg empires created a vacuum of power in which different factions struggled for control. In the Black Sea this involved the Royal Navy in intervention in 1919 and 1920 on the side of Russians fighting the Bolsheviks. By 1920 the Allies were also faced with the challenge of the Turkish nationalists. As well as these events, those that comprise the final section show the Mediterranean Fleet preparing for a major war, applying the lessons of World War One and studying how to make use of new weapons, aircraft carriers and aircraft.
