Download or read book Role of Natural Enemies in Population Suppression and Pest Management of Green Rice Leafhoppers written by F. O. Carino and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine if Nephotettix virescens can cause direct demage and yield loss to rice in the field. 2) to develop a sampling method for GLH, and to determine the appropriats sample size. 3) to determine the roles played by natural predators and parasites in suppressing GLH populations, and to observe the effects of selected inseticides and host plant resistance on these roles. 4) to develop a technique for conserving predadtors in the field. 5) to propose a framework for a GLH pest management system that includes natural enemies.
Download or read book Pest Management in Rice written by L.G. Copping and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The four-day international Conference on Pest Management in Rice, which is the subject of this volume, was the third in an ongoing series of meetings on tropical crops organised by the Pesticides Group of the Society of Chemical Industry, London. The participants came from both the public and private sectors and from many different countries. All the major groups of pests-weeds, microorganisms, arthropods and rodents-were considered, as the organisers believe that it is necessary to address the total pest management problems in each particular growing area, and the variety of the papers indicates the importance of a multi disciplinary approach to their solution. Rice is one of the most important world crops and is the major source of food for around 60% of the world's population, with a world production of 500 million tonnes from 150 million hectares of land. Since world stocks amount to only two months supply, many people are at risk from famine. Moreover, it has been esti mated that the world requirement in 2020 will be about 760 million tonnes, an increase of 50%. This pressure of population on food makes efficient pest management vital and is the reason for bringing together experts from all over the world to this major conference.
Download or read book Ecological Engineering for Pest Management written by Geoff M Gurr and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2004-08-03 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecological engineering is about manipulating farm habitats, making them less favourable for pests and more attractive to beneficial insects. Though they have received far less research attention and funding, ecological approaches may be safer and more sustainable than their controversial cousin, genetic engineering. This book brings together contributions from international workers leading the fast moving field of habitat manipulation, reviewing the field and paving the way towards the development and application of new pest management approaches. Chapters explore the frontiers of ecological engineering methods including molecular approaches, high tech marking and remote sensing. They also review the theoretical aspects of this field and how ecological engineering may interact with genetic engineering. The technologies presented offer opportunities to reduce crop losses to insects while reducing the use of pesticides and providing potentially valuable habitat for wildlife conservation. With contributions from the USA, UK, Germany, Switzerland, Australia, New Zealand, Kenya and Israel, this book provides comprehensive coverage of international progress towards sustainable pest management.
Download or read book Insect Pests of Rice written by M. D. Pathak and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1994 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Brown Planthopper written by International Rice Research Institute and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1979 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rice Planthoppers written by Kong Luen Heong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-23 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book discusses planthopper pests of rice. These insects are one of the most destructive pests, threatening food security around the world. The historical development of the rice planthopper problem shows that they are secondary pests and single-discipline control tactics or strategies were not able to manage them, and instead caused frequent resurgences. This book not only presents new approaches to this persistent problem, but also new ecological methods, new perspectives on the effect of pesticide marketing, insights into developing resistant varieties and structural reforms in pest management. Integrating biological, ecological, economic and sociological aspects, it clearly presents the latest information on newly developed strategies for managing this pest. Dr. K. L. Heong is the principal scientist and insect ecologist at the International Rice Research Institute, Philippines. He has been researching rice planthoppers for more than 30 years. Dr. Heong is a fellow of the Third World Academy of Science and the Academy of Sciences, Malaysia. Professor Jia-an Cheng is an insect ecologist who has been studying rice planthoppers for about 50 years. He is a professor at Zhejiang University, China. Professor M.M. Escalada works at Visayas State University.
Download or read book Pest Management of Rice Farmers in Asia written by Kong Luen Heong and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1997 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research was designed and conducted through partnerships with national agricultural scientists. The primary objective was to listen to farmers and understand the various factors that constrain pest management decisions and practices on-farm.
Download or read book Natural Enemies written by Ann E. Hajek and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-02-12 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Download or read book Rice Insects Management Strategies written by E.A. Heinrichs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the worldwide importance of rice as a crop plant, the biology of rice pests is of great interest to agricultural research. This timely book brings together contributions from the fields of entomology, agronomy, population ecology, and biostatistics to provide a comprehensive survey of rice-insect interaction. Among the topics discussed are - crop loss assessment - economic thresholds and injury levels for incest pests - mosquito leafhoppers and planthoppers population dynamics - pheromone utilization - techniques for predator evaluation - chemical based for insect resistance - applications of tissue culture - systems analysis and - rice pestmanagement. With its emphasis on experimental techniques of pest analysis and control, Rice Insects: Management Strategies will be a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners alike.
Download or read book Illustrated Guide to Integrated Pest Management in Rice in Tropical Asia written by W. H. Reissig and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1985 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rice plant structure and growth stages. Insect pests of rice. Soil pests. Pests at the vegetative stage. Pests at the reproductive. Rice diseases. Weed pestes of rice. Identification and ecology of common weeds in rice. Methods of wees control. Biology and management of riceland rats in Southeast Asia. Management in Southeast Asia. Cultural control. Resistant rice varieties. Diseases races and insect biotypes. Biological control of rice insect pests. Parasistas. Predators. Pesticides. Integration of control meanures for all rice pests. Implementation of integrated pest management strategies.
Download or read book Biology and Management of Rice Insects written by E. A. (Ed.) HEINRICHS and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1994 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I. Fundamentals; II. Biology and ecology; III. Control tactics and strategies; IV. Implementation of rice IPM systems.
Download or read book Pests of Rice and Their Natural Enemies in Peninsular Malaysia written by G. van Vreden and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Leafhoppers Hemiptera written by Daniel Bliss and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The challenge of modern agriculture is producing sufficient food for a large population while combating the adverse effects of climate change. These effects are likely to be many and varied, including increases in temperature, greater unpredictability of extreme weather, and expanded ranges of agricultural pests. The task of researchers is to find sustainable solutions to these problems while keeping farms economically profitable. This thesis examines the threat posed by specific insect pests to dairy crop production, with the goal of identifying effective and sustainable management solutions for each pest. To do this I have split my thesis into three chapters, each of which examines an aspect of pest management in dairy cropping. In Chapter 1 of my thesis, I review methods of controlling leafhopper populations in dairy cropping systems. Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) are major threats to agricultural production around the world. They are diverse, abundant, and capable of reducing crop quality and yield through feeding damage and vectored pathogens. While many studies have investigated the role of leafhoppers on individual crops, few have broadened their view to address the potential effects of leafhoppers on an industry. My review attempts to fill the gap in our understanding by examining the effects of leafhoppers on three of the largest acreage crops in the United States: alfalfa (Medicago sativa), maize (Zea mays), and soybean (Glycine max). Each of these crops contributes to the success of the dairy industry, the products of which have a major impact on the U.S. economy. Throughout the review I analyze leafhopper management strategies in each of these crops to identify which can contribute to successful production. In doing so I hope to shed light on the impact of leafhoppers in an important industry while providing a practical resource for researchers and growers. In Chapter 2, I track populations of a specific type of leafhopper--the potato leafhopper (PLH; Empoasca fabae)--in alfalfa/orchardgrass fields. PLH is a major threat to alfalfa production in the eastern regions of the United States, reducing crop quality and yield through feeding. To combat this pest, growers often rely on insecticides. While effective, these insecticides are expensive and damaging to the environment. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) was developed to reduce reliance upon pesticides in crop production while maintaining a focus on profitability and sustainability. While IPM has become a model for pest control, few studies have investigated its long-term benefits for insect management. Using data from four years of sampling, I studied PLH in alfalfa to compare a preemptive insecticide-based approach (i.e., conventional strategy) to an IPM-based approach (i.e., innovative strategy) in terms of insect control and profitability. My goal was to identify whether an innovative strategy could compete with a conventional strategy in terms of crop quality, crop yield, and insect management. I found that the innovative strategy produced similar quality to the conventional strategy while requiring less than half the number of insecticide applications and a lower per-plot cost. Despite a decreased cost per plot, the innovative strategy hosted a larger population of PLH and produced a lower total annual crop yield (though only in the second year of alfalfa growth). These results prompted me to test the effectiveness of PLH-resistant alfalfa to see whether it is a benefit or hinderance to alfalfa production. I found that PLH-resistant alfalfa reduced potato leafhopper population size by approximately 26% but did not significantly influence alfalfa quality or yield. This study demonstrates the values and costs of IPM in growing alfalfa and provides evidence that an innovative management strategy can be competitive with insecticide-based management programs. Chapter 3, I attempt to find a solution to PLH damage in alfalfa by promoting spider-mediated biological control. Biological control is a foundational aspect of IPM that uses predators and parasitoids to naturally reduce pest populations in agricultural fields. While biological control is effective in many situations, not every crop system has a suitable natural enemy for its suite of pests. As generalist predators, spiders have potential to act as effective biological control agents across a diverse range of crops and pests. Previous research has often neglected spiders, particularly foliage-dwelling spiders, in biological control because their populations tend to be low in agricultural fields. To assess the control potential of spiders, I focused on alfalfa and its most damaging pest in Pennsylvania, PLH. As tall structures tend to intercept ballooning spiders (a common form of travel) and improve their prey capture through superior web-building, I tested the influence of vertical structure on spider populations in an alfalfa/orchardgrass field. I used a factorial design which crossed two factors, bamboo stakes (non-living structure) and sorghum sudangrass (SS; living structure) to produce four treatments: stakes, SS, stakes + SS, and the control (no structure added). I included both living and non-living structures to identify whether structure type influenced spider populations. I sampled spiders using sweep-netting and pitfall traps to capture both foliage-dwelling and ground-dwelling populations. My results showed that vertical structure significantly increased populations of foliage-dwelling spiders. To identify the influence of spiders on pest populations, I used sweep-nets to capture PLH. I caught significantly fewer PLH in plots which contained both types of vertical structure. When comparing spider and PLH numbers, my results revealed a trend toward more effective PLH control by living structure, but no statistically significant difference.
Download or read book Rice feeding Insects and Selected Natural Enemies in West Africa written by E. A. Heinrichs and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 2004 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction; Biology and ecology of rice-feeding insects; Natural enemies of West African rice-feeding insects; An illustrated key to the identification of selected West African rice insects and spiders.
Download or read book Egg Parasitism of Green Rice Leafhoppers in Rice Cultivation Systems in Nothern Thailand written by Marcia Joan Ishii-Eiteman and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Friends of the Rice Farmer written by B. M. Shepard and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1987 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction; Predators; Parasites; Pathogens.
Download or read book Biocontrol Potential and its Exploitation in Sustainable Agriculture written by Rajeev K. Upadhyay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant based biotechnology has come to represent a means of mitigating the problems of global food security in the twenty-first century. Products and processes in agriculture are increasingly becoming linked to science and cutting edge technology, to enable the engineering of what are in effect, designer plants. One of the most successful , non-chemical approaches to pest management and disease control is biological control, which seeks a solution in terms of using living organisms to regulate the incidence of pests and pathogens, providing a natural control' while still maintaining the biological balance with the ecosystem. This volume, (the first of two), addresses the different types of biocontrol for different pests, namely, crop diseases, weeds and nematodes, and details the biology of both the pest and its enemies, which is vital for efficient use of biological control. The book has numerous contributors who are authorities in their fields, and would be an asset to those who have interest in sustainable agriculture and crop productivity.
