Download or read book Ribonucleotide Reductase written by Kristoffer Andersson and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of this book is the amazing enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), the enzyme responsible for the conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides. The prerequisite for DNA-synthesis and DNA-repair in all living cells is the supply of the four deoxyribonucleotides. Such molecules result from the enzymatically difficult radical-induced reduction of ribonucleotides, a multistep chemical process catalyzed by RNR. RNR was the first enzyme in which the presence of an amino acid radical (a tyrosyl) in E. coli Class Ia RNR has been proven; since then several other biological amino acid radical species have been found on e.g. tryptophan, glycine, cysteine, lysine residues and on amino acid derived small cofactors like 2 tryptophanes in thryptophan-trypthanyl-radical or cysteine-tyrosyl-radical in other enzymes. As all known cellular life forms store their genetic information as DNA, RNR is likely to be found in all growing cells of every living organism, a fact that is confirmed by a rapidly increasing number of genomic screenings.
Download or read book Microbial Biochemistry written by G. N. Cohen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-21 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial physiology, biochemistry and genetics allowed the formulation of concepts that turned out to be important in the study of higher organisms. In the first section, the principles of bacterial growth are given, as well as the description of the different layers that enclose the bacterial cytoplasm, and their role in obtaining nutrients from the outside media through different permeability mechanism described in detail. A chapter is devoted to allostery and is indispensable for the comprehension of many regulatory mechanisms described throughout the book. Another section analyses the mechanisms by which cells obtain the energy necessary for their growth, glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, the tricarboxylic and the anaplerotic cycles. Two chapters are devoted to classes of microorganisms rarely dealt with in textbooks, namely the Archaea, mainly the methanogenic bacteria, and the methylotrophs. Eight chapters describe the principles of the regulations at the transcriptional level, with the necessary knowledge of the machineries of transcription and translation. The next fifteen chapters deal with the biosynthesis of the cell building blocks, amino acids, purine and pyrimidine nucleotides and deoxynucleotides, water-soluble vitamins and coenzymes, isoprene and tetrapyrrole derivatives and vitamin B12. The two last chapters are devoted to the study of protein-DNA interactions and to the evolution of biosynthetic pathways. The considerable advances made in the last thirty years in the field by the introduction of gene cloning and sequencing and by the exponential development of physical methods such as X-ray crystallography or nuclear magnetic resonance have helped presenting metabolism under a multidisciplinary attractive angle.
Download or read book Hydroxamic Acids written by Satya P. Gupta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-30 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Satya P. Gupta's Hydroxamics Acids is the first book to compile invited articles written by international experts on the class of compounds hydroxamic acids. Found to possess a wide spectrum of biological activities, the hydroxamic acids are of interest to theoretical and experimental chemists who can study and make use of them in drug design and development. Chapters in this book provide a diverse and comprehensive coverage of this compound class and consequently this publication is a valuable resource for researchers in chemical, pharmaceutical and biological sciences.
Download or read book Nucleotide Metabolism written by J. Frank Henderson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nucleotide Metabolism: An Introduction is a textbook exclusively focusing on the study of the aspects of nucleotide metabolism. The book intends to present the chemistry and metabolism of nucleotides, one of the oldest subjects of biochemistry. The text is divided in two parts. Part I considers the general aspects of nucleotide metabolism such as the history of the discovery of nucleotides; functions of nucleotides in cells; and group-transfer reactions during nucleotide metabolism. Part II deals with the synthesis, formation, and conversion of purine ribonucleotides. Biochemists, pharmacologists, and researchers in the fields of medicine and pharmaceuticals will find the book invaluable.
Download or read book Allosteric Enzymes written by Guy Herve and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book compiles detailed information concerning a dozen of the best known allosteric enzymes, and so allows the comparison of their regulatory mechanisms and the confrontation of these mechanisms with the theoretical models. Stimulating and unexpected ideas emerge from these comparisons and emphasize the importance of developing various methods of investigation such as crystallography, X-ray solution scattering, and the study of fast movements in proteins and site-directed mutagenesis. This book is addressed to students and researchers interested in structure-function relationship in proteins, enzymology and metabolic regulation. It is also a basis for teaching.
Download or read book Medicinal Chemistry of Anticancer Drugs written by Carmen Avendaño and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-06-11 with total page 767 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medicinal Chemistry of Anticancer Drugs, Second Edition, provides an updated treatment from the point of view of medicinal chemistry and drug design, focusing on the mechanism of action of antitumor drugs from the molecular level, and on the relationship between chemical structure and chemical and biochemical reactivity of antitumor agents. Antitumor chemotherapy is a very active field of research, and a huge amount of information on the topic is generated every year. Cytotoxic chemotherapy is gradually being supplemented by a new generation of drugs that recognize specific targets on the surface or inside cancer cells, and resistance to antitumor drugs continues to be investigated. While these therapies are in their infancy, they hold promise of more effective therapies with fewer side effects. Although many books are available that deal with clinical aspects of cancer chemotherapy, this book provides a sorely needed update from the point of view of medicinal chemistry and drug design. Presents information in a clear and concise way using a large number of figures Historical background provides insights on how the process of drug discovery in the anticancer field has evolved Extensive references to primary literature
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Cancer written by Manfred Schwab and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-23 with total page 3307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive encyclopedic reference provides rapid access to focused information on topics of cancer research for clinicians, research scientists and advanced students. Given the overwhelming success of the first edition, which appeared in 2001, and fast development in the different fields of cancer research, it has been decided to publish a second fully revised and expanded edition. With an A-Z format of over 7,000 entries, more than 1,000 contributing authors provide a complete reference to cancer. The merging of different basic and clinical scientific disciplines towards the common goal of fighting cancer makes such a comprehensive reference source all the more timely.
Download or read book Allosteric Regulatory Enzymes written by Thomas W. Traut and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-11 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the most recent developments in the analysis of allosteric enzymes and provides a logical introduction to the limits for enzyme function as dictated by the factors that are limits for life. The book presents a complete description of all the mechanisms used for changing enzyme activity. It is extensively illustrated to clarify kinetic and regulatory properties. Eight enzymes are used as model systems after extensive study of their mechanisms. Wherever possible, the human form of the enzyme is used to illustrate the regulatory features.
Download or read book Chemical and Structural Approaches to Rational Drug Design written by David B. Weiner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-11-28 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first to provide both a broad overview of the current methodologies being applied to drug design and in-depth analyses of progress in specific fields. It details state-of-the-art approaches to pharmaceutical development currently used by some of the world's foremost laboratories. The book features contributors from a variety of fields, new techniques, previously unpublished data, and extensive reference lists.
Download or read book Active Oxygen in Biochemistry written by Valentine Angelou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of "Oxygen Activation" has attracted considerable interest recently, not only because it presents challenges in those fields of basic research that aim to understand the fundamental aspects of chemical and biological reactions that involve dioxygen, but also because of its wide range of practical implications in such diverse fields as medicine, synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds, materials science, and atmospheric science. This is the second of two volumes that focus on the subject of oxygen activation, the first slanted toward chemistry and the second toward biological chemistry. We planned these volumes to be more general than many monographs of this sort, not as detailed summaries of the authors' own research but rather as general overviews of the field. Our choice of topics was strongly influenced by our syllabus for a course entitled "Oxygen Chemistry," which two of us have twice taught jointly at UCLA. Definition of important issues, horizons, and future prospects was an important goal, and, although totally comprehensive coverage was not possible, we believe that we have chosen a representative selection of research topics current to the field. We have targeted this work to a diverse audience ranging from professionals in fields from physics to medicine to beginning graduate students who are interested in rapidly acquiring the basics of this field.
Download or read book Biochemical Basis of Medicine written by Eric D. Wills and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2014-04-24 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochemical Basis of Medicine discusses academic biochemistry and the applications of biochemistry in medicine. This book deals with the biochemistry of the subcellular organelles, the biochemistry of the body , and of the specialized metabolism occurring in many body tissues. This text also discusses the various applications of biochemistry as regards environmental hazards, as well as in the diagnosis of illnesses and their treatment. This text explains the structure of the mammalian cell, the cell's metabolism, the nutritional requirements of the whole body, and the body's metabolism. This book explains the specialized metabolisms involved in tissues such as those occurring in blood clotting, in the liver during carbohydrate metabolism, or in the kidneys during water absorption. The text explains toxicology or biochemical damage caused by excess presence of copper, mercury, or lead in the body. Chelation therapy can remove these toxic metals. This book describes the effects of alcohol on plasma liquids, the multistage concept of carcinogenesis, and the biochemical basis of diagnosis. Diagnosis and treatment include the determination of typical enzymes found in the plasma, tests for genetic defects in blood proteins, and the use of chemotherapeutic drugs. This book is suitable for chemists, students and professors in organic chemistry, and laboratory technicians whose work is related to pharmacology.
Download or read book Ribonucleases written by Allen W. Nicholson and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Human Cytomegalovirus written by Thomas E. Shenk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-05-09 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume has gathered some of the experts in the field to review aspects of our understanding of CMV and to offer perspectives of the current problems associated with CMV. The editors and authors hope that the chapters will lead to a better understanding of the virus that will assist in the development of new and unique antivirals, a protective vaccine, and a full understanding of CMV's involvement in human disease.
Download or read book Breaking Tolerance to Pancreatic Cancer Unresponsiveness to Chemotherapy written by Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-02-26 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breaking Tolerance to Pancreatic Cancer Unresponsiveness to Chemotherapy edited by Dr. Nagaraju, PhD., DSc. focuses on overriding the resistance from chemotherapeutic drugs with a broader range of treatment options. It particularly focuses on stroma, tumor microenvironment, stem cells, stellate cells, transcription factors, growth factors, and important signaling pathways. This volume discusses topics such as pancreatic cancer biology, current therapeutic options, EMT, chemotherapy resistance mechanisms, and genetic manipulations and natural products to enhance the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer to chemotherapy. Additionally, it discusses small targeted molecules and pancreatic cancer trials, and nanotechnology-based drug delivery. Breaking Tolerance to Pancreatic Cancer Unresponsiveness to Chemotherapy is a valuable source for researchers and advanced students in cancer and oncology as well as clinicians and medical students who are interested in learning more about ways to break pancreatic cancer resistance to chemotherapy. Modulates the biologic properties of stroma in pancreatic cancer by targeting the several chemotherapy resistance mechanisms to impede their malignant property by introducing new strategies and drugs Provides information about on-going research as well as clinical data on pancreatic cancer and detailed descriptions about therapeutic options for easy understanding Utilizes full color figures to help the understanding of the content and tables for easy comparison of information as well as quick access to it
Download or read book Artificial Nucleases written by Marina A. Zenkova and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-01-07 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of agents capable of cleaving RNA and DNA has attracted considerable attention from researchers in the last few years, because of the immediate and very important applications they can find in the emerging fields of biotechnology and pharmacology. There are essentially two classes of these agents - nucleases that occur naturally inside cells and synthetically produced artificial nucleases. The first class includes protein enzyme nucle ases and catalytic RNA structured ribozymes that perform cleavage of the phosphodiester bonds in nucleic acids according to a hydrolytic pathway in the course of different biochemical processes in the cell. A different pathway is used by some antibiotics which cleave DNA via redox-based mechanisms resulting in oxidative damage of nucleotide units and breakage of the DNA backbone. The above molecules are indispensable tools for manipulating nucleic acids and processing RNA; DNA-cleaving antibiotics and cytotoxic ribonucleases have demonstrated utility as chemotherapeutic agents. The second class, artificial nucleases, are rationally designed to imitate the active centers of natural enzymes by simple structures possessing minimal sets of the most important characteristics that are essential for catalysis. A dif ferent approach, in vitro selection, was also used to create artificial RNA and DNA enzymes capable of cleaving RNA. Being less efficient and specific as compared to the natural enzymes, the primitive mimics are smaller and robust and can function in a broad range of conditions.
Download or read book Biophysical Studies of Ribonucleotide Reductase written by Margareta Sahlin and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Targeted Radiosensitizers written by Henning Willers and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-10 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Targeted Radiosensitizers: Opportunities and Challenges provides the reader with a comprehensive review of key pre-clinical research components required to identify effective radiosensitizing drugs. The book features discussions on the mechanisms and markers of clinical radioresistance, pre-clinical screening of targeted radiosensitizers, 3D radiation biology for studying radiosensitizers, in vivo determinations of local tumor control, genetically engineered mouse models for studying radiosensitizers, targeting the DNA damage response for radiosensitization, targeting tumor metabolism to overcome radioresistance, radiosensitizers in the era of immuno-oncology, and more. Additionally, the book features discussions on high-throughput drug screening, predictive biomarkers, pre-clinical tumor models, and the influence of the tumor microenvironment and the immune system, with a specific focus on the challenges radiation oncologists and medical oncologists currently face in testing radiosensitizers in human cancers. Edited by two acclaimed experts in radiation biology and radiosensitizers, with thirteen chapters contributed by experts, this new volume presents an in-depth look at current developments within a rapidly moving field, with a look at where the field will be heading and providing comprehensive insight into the framework of targeted radiosensitzer development. Essential reading for investigators in cancer research and radiation biology.
