Download or read book Liquid Crystal Colloids written by Igor Muševič and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-14 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together the many concepts and discoveries in liquid crystal colloids contributed over the last twenty years and scattered across numerous articles and book chapters. It provides both a historical overview of the development of the field and a clear perspective on the future applications in photonics. The book covers all phenomena observed in liquid crystal colloids with an emphasis on experimental tools and applications of topology in condensed matter, as well as practical micro-photonics applications. It includes a number of spectacular manifestations of new topological phenomena not found or difficult to observe in other systems. Starting from the early works on nematic colloids, it explains the basics of topological defects in ordered media, charge and winding, and the elastic forces between colloidal particles in nematics. Following a detailed description of experimental methods, such as optical tweezing and particle tracking, the book eases the reader into the theoretical part, which deals with elastic deformation of nematic liquid crystals due to inclusions and surface alignment. This is discussed in the context of basic mean field Landau-de Gennes Q-tensor theory, with a brief explanation of the free-energy minimization numerical methods. There then follows an excursion into the topology of complex nematic colloidal structures, colloidal entanglement, knotting and linking. Nematic droplets, shells, handlebodies and chiral topological structures are addressed in separate chapters. The book concludes with an extensive chapter on the photonic properties of nematic dispersions, presenting the concept of integrated soft matter photonics and discussing the concepts of nematic and chiral nematic microlasers, surface-sensitive photonic devices and smectic microfibers. The text is complemented by a large bibliography, explanatory sketches and beautiful micrographs.

Download or read book Responsive Photonic Nanostructures written by Yadong Yin and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2013-05-24 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photonic crystal nanostructures, whose photonic properties can be tuned in response to external stimuli, are desired for a wide range of applications in colour displays, biological and chemical sensors, and inks and paints. Until now there is no single resource which gives a complete overview of these exciting smart materials. Responsive Photonic Nanostructures: Smart Nanoscale Optical Materials details the fabrication of photonic crystal structures through self-assembly approaches, general strategies and approaches for creating responsive photonic structures for different responsive systems such as chemical, optical, electrical and magnetic as well as their applications. With contributions from leading experts in the field, this comprehensive summary on Responsive Photonic Nanostructures is suitable for postgraduates and researchers in academia and industry interested in smart materials and their potential applications.

Download or read book Metal Nanoclusters in Catalysis and Materials Science The Issue of Size Control written by Benedetto Corain and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-11 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal Nanoclusters in Catalysis and Materials Science: The Issue of Size Control deals with the synthesis of metal nanoclusters along all known methodologies. Physical and chemical properties of metal nanoclusters relevant to their applications in chemical processing and materials science are covered thoroughly. Special attention is given to the role of metal nanoclusters size and shape in catalytic processes and catalytic applications relevant to industrial chemical processing.An excellent text for expanding the knowledge on the chemistry and physics of metal nanoclusters. Divided in two parts; Part I deals with general aspects of the matter and Part II has to be considered a useful handbook dealing with the production of metal nanoclusters, especially from their size-control point of view.* Divided into two parts for ease of reference: general and operational * Separation of synthetic aspects, physical properties and applications* Specific attention is given to the task of metal nanoclusters size-control

Download or read book Smart Materials and New Technologies written by D. Michelle Addington and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, architects are looking for new solutions to old problems, including 'smart' and 'intelligent' materials that can be applied to building design. This text covers the use of smart materials in a design perspective, as well as describing how these solutions could be utilised in other applications.

Download or read book Nanotechnology Enabled Sensors written by Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-19 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology provides tools for creating functional materials, devices, and systems by controlling materials at the atomic and molecular scales and making use of novel properties and phenomena. Nanotechnology-enabled sensors find applications in several fields such as health and safety, medicine, process control and diagnostics. This book provides the reader with information on how nanotechnology enabled sensors are currently being used and how they will be used in the future in such diverse fields as communications, building and facilities, medicine, safety, and security, including both homeland defense and military operations.

Download or read book Nanotechnology Research Directions IWGN Workshop Report written by R.S. Williams and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: energy production, environmental management, transportation, communication, computation, and education. As the twenty-first century unfolds, nanotechnology's impact on the health, wealth, and security of the world's people is expected to be at least as significant as the combined influences in this century of antibiotics, the integrated circuit, and human-made polymers. Dr. Neal Lane, Advisor to the President for Science and Technology and former National Science Foundation (NSF) director, stated at a Congressional hearing in April 1998, "If I were asked for an area of science and engineering that will most likely produce the breakthroughs of tomorrow, I would point to nanoscale science and engineering. " Recognizing this potential, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) have issued a joint memorandum to Federal agency heads that identifies nanotechnology as a research priority area for Federal investment in fiscal year 2001. This report charts "Nanotechnology Research Directions," as developed by the Interagency W orking Group on Nano Science, Engineering, and Technology (IWGN) of the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC). The report incorporates the views of leading experts from government, academia, and the private sector. It reflects the consensus reached at an IWGN-sponsored workshop held on January 27-29, 1999, and detailed in contributions submitted thereafter by members of the V. S. science and engineering community. (See Appendix A for a list of contributors.

Download or read book Calcium Orthophosphates written by Sergey V. Dorozhkin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-06-04 with total page 863 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to a great chemical similarity with the biological calcified tissues, many calcium orthophosphates possess remarkable biocompatibility and bioactivity. Materials scientists use this property extensively to construct artificial bone grafts that are either entirely made of or only surface-coated with the biologically relevant calcium orthophospha

Download or read book Phononic Crystals written by Abdelkrim Khelif and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-28 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth analysis as well as an overview of phononic crystals. This book discusses numerous techniques for the analysis of phononic crystals and covers, among other material, sonic and ultrasonic structures, hypersonic planar structures and their characterization, and novel applications of phononic crystals. This is an ideal book for those working with micro and nanotechnology, MEMS (microelectromechanical systems), and acoustic devices. This book also: Presents an introduction to the fundamentals and properties of phononic crystals Covers simulation techniques for the analysis of phononic crystals Discusses sonic and ultrasonic, hypersonic and planar, and three-dimensional phononic crystal structures Illustrates how phononic crystal structures are being deployed in communication systems and sensing systems

Download or read book Nanostructure Science and Technology written by Richard W. Siegel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-09-30 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Timely information on scientific and engineering developments occurring in laboratories around the world provides critical input to maintaining the economic and technological strength of the United States. Moreover, sharing this information quickly with other countries can greatly enhance the productivity of scientists and engineers. These are some of the reasons why the National Science Foundation (NSF) has been involved in funding science and technology assessments comparing the United States and foreign countries since the early 1980s. A substantial number of these studies have been conducted by the World Technology Evaluation Center (WTEC) managed by Loyola College through a cooperative agreement with NSF. The National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), Committee on Technology's Interagency Working Group on NanoScience, Engineering and Technology (CT/IWGN) worked with WTEC to develop the scope of this Nanostucture Science and Technology report in an effort to develop a baseline of understanding for how to strategically make Federal nanoscale R&D investments in the coming years. The purpose of the NSTC/WTEC activity is to assess R&D efforts in other countries in specific areas of technology, to compare these efforts and their results to U. S. research in the same areas, and to identify opportunities for international collaboration in precompetitive research. Many U. S. organizations support substantial data gathering and analysis efforts focusing on nations such as Japan. But often the results of these studies are not widely available. At the same time, government and privately sponsored studies that are in the public domain tend to be "input" studies.

Download or read book Photonic Band Gap Materials written by C.M. Soukoulis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photonic band gap crystals offer unique ways to tailor light and the propagation of electromagnetic waves. In analogy to electrons in a crystal, EM waves propagating in a structure with a periodically-modulated dielectric constant are organized into photonic bands separated by gaps in which propagating states are forbidden. Proposed applications of such photonic band gap crystals, operating at frequencies from microwave to optical, include zero- threshold lasers, low-loss resonators and cavities, and efficient microwave antennas. Spontaneous emission is suppressed for photons in the photonic band gap, offering novel approaches to manipulating the EM field and creating high-efficiency light-emitting structures. Photonic Band Gap Materials identifies three most promising areas of research. The first is materials fabrication, involving the creation of high quality, low loss, periodic dielectric structures. The smallest photonic crystals yet fabricated have been made by machining Si wafers along (110), and some have lattice constants as small as 500 microns. The second area is in applications. Possible applications presented are microwave mirrors, directional antennas, resonators (especially in the 2 GHz region), filters, waveguides, Y splitters, and resonant microcavities. The third area covers fundamentally new physical phenomena in condensed matter physics and quantum optics. An excellent review of recent development, covering theoretical, experimental and applied aspects. Interesting and stimulating reading for active researchers, as well as a useful reference for non-specialists.

Download or read book Thin Film Transistors written by Cherie R. Kagan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-02-25 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a single-source treatment of developments in TFT production from international specialists. It interweaves overlapping areas in multiple disciplines pertinent to transistor fabrication and explores the killer application of amorphous silicon transistors in active matrix liquid crystal displays. It evaluates the preparation of polycrystallin

Download or read book Intermolecular and Surface Forces written by Jacob N. Israelachvili and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-07-22 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermolecular and Surface Forces describes the role of various intermolecular and interparticle forces in determining the properties of simple systems such as gases, liquids and solids, with a special focus on more complex colloidal, polymeric and biological systems. The book provides a thorough foundation in theories and concepts of intermolecular forces, allowing researchers and students to recognize which forces are important in any particular system, as well as how to control these forces. This third edition is expanded into three sections and contains five new chapters over the previous edition. - Starts from the basics and builds up to more complex systems - Covers all aspects of intermolecular and interparticle forces both at the fundamental and applied levels - Multidisciplinary approach: bringing together and unifying phenomena from different fields - This new edition has an expanded Part III and new chapters on non-equilibrium (dynamic) interactions, and tribology (friction forces)

Download or read book Atomic Layer Deposition for Semiconductors written by Cheol Seong Hwang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering thorough coverage of atomic layer deposition (ALD), this book moves from basic chemistry of ALD and modeling of processes to examine ALD in memory, logic devices and machines. Reviews history, operating principles and ALD processes for each device.

Download or read book Frontiers in Chemical Engineering written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the next 10 to 15 years, chemical engineers have the potential to affect every aspect of American life and promote the scientific and industrial leadership of the United States. Frontiers in Chemical Engineering explores the opportunities available and gives a blueprint for turning a multitude of promising visions into realities. It also examines the likely changes in how chemical engineers will be educated and take their place in the profession, and presents new research opportunities.

Download or read book Photonic Crystals Physics and Technology written by Concita Sibilia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-02-03 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the work is give an overview of the activity in the field of Photonic Crystal developed in the frame of COST P11 action . The main objective of the COST P11 action was to unify and coordinate national efforts aimed at studying linear and nonlinear optical interactions with Photonic Crystals (PCs), without neglecting an important aspect related to the material research as idea and methods of realizations of 3D PC, together with the development and implementation of measurement techniques for the experimental evaluation of their potential applications in different area, as for example telecommunication with novel optical fibers, lasers, nonlinear multi-functionality, display devices, opto-electronics, sensors. The book contains contributions from authors who gave their lecture at the Cost P11 Training School.

Download or read book Optical Tweezers written by Philip H. Jones and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-12-03 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to the theory, practice and applications of optical tweezers, combining state-of-the-art research with a strong pedagogic approach.

Download or read book Phononic Crystals written by Vincent Laude and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-09-14 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phononic crystals are artificial periodic structures that can alter efficiently the flow of sound, acoustic waves, or elastic waves. They were introduced about twenty years ago and have gained increasing interest since then, both because of their amazing physical properties and because of their potential applications. The topic of phononic crystals stands as the cross-road of physics (condensed matter physics, wave propagation in inhomogeneous and periodic media) and engineering (acoustics, ultrasonics, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering). Phononic crystals cover a wide range of scales, from meter-size periodic structures for sound in air to nanometer-size structures for information processing or thermal phonon control in integrated circuits. Phononic crystals have a definite relation with the topic of photonic crystals in optics. The marriage of phononic and photonic crystals also provides a promising structural basis for enhanced sound and light interaction. As the topic is getting popular, it is nowadays presented and discussed at various international conferences. After the first ten years during which the topic has remained mainly theoretical with a few proof-of-concept demonstrations in the literature, the evolution has been towards applications, instrumentation, and novel designs. The physical explanations for various effects are now well understood and efficient numerical methods and analysis tools have been developed. The book contains a comprehensive set of finite element model (FEM) scripts for solving basic phononic crystal problems. The scripts are short, easy to read, and efficient, allowing the reader to generate for him(her)self band structures for 2D and 3D phononic crystals, to compute Bloch waves, waveguide and cavity modes, and more.