Download or read book Review of Current Issues Concerning the Military Uses of Outer Space written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Commercial and Military Uses of Outer Space written by Melissa de Zwart and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-25 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book brings together a diverse range of chapters on space related topics. The authors included in this book are drawn from Australia and overseas, from academia, government, industry, civil society and the military. This book contains chapters that cover topics such as law, science, archaeology, defence, policy, and more, all with a focus on space. This edited collection is a timely international and interdisciplinary book, which addresses some of the contemporary issues facing activities in space and those attempting to understand, use and regulate the space domain. This edited book seeks to normalise the role of women as experts in the space sector, by not calling attention to the fact that all the authors are women – they are all experts in their respective fields who just happen to be women. Bringing together these contributions in this book in turn promotes the inclusion of diversity in the space sector. This edited collection is an opportunity to influence the development of the space industry – in terms of gender diversity, and diversity of disciplines and thinking – while it is in its formative stage, rather than trying to redress imbalances once they are entrenched in the industry.
Download or read book Recent Developments in Space Law written by R. Venkata Rao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-15 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a compendium of diverse essays on emerging legal issues in outer space, written by experts in the field of Space Law from different parts of the globe. The book comprehensively addresses opportunities in space and the inevitable legal challenges that these space activities pose for mankind. It explores the increasing role of private sector in outer space, which calls for a review of policy and legislation; invites opinio juris from law scholars for ensuring the applicability of the Outer Space Treaty on all states without ratification and universal abidance with Space Law without demur; reflects upon the challenges for the global space community involved in implementing a more effective approach to international space governance; and considers the use of domestic laws, and the consequent need for legal reform, to encourage broader engagement with commercial space innovation. Further, the book delves into the adequacy of existing international liability regime to protect space tourists in the event of a space vehicle accidents; examines the increasing use of space for military activities and canvasses how International Law may apply to condition behaviour; highlights the challenges of scavenging space debris; calls for protections of space assets; touches upon the legal regime pertaining to ASAT and discusses other ways of creating normative instruments, which also come from other areas and use other methods. Given its comprehensive coverage of opportunities in space and the inevitable legal challenges that they pose, the book offers a valuable resource for students, researchers, academics and professionals including government officials, industry executives, specialists, and lawyers, helping them understand essential contemporary issues and developments in Space Law.
Download or read book Present and Future Military Uses of Outer Space written by Donald E. Walsh and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis examines the present and future military uses of outer space with an emphasis on the policies and practices of international states. These policies and practices are examined in the context of the emergence of international space law. The thesis proceeds from an examination of the early years of the space age and move to an examination of the present and future military uses of outer space. Next is given a review of international treaties affecting military activities in outer space. The law is then be applied to the present and future activities examined above, with prospects for the future.
Download or read book The Air Force Role in Developing International Outer Space Law written by Delbert R. Terrill, Jr. and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2012-08-06 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of the US defense and space initiatives on bilateral and multilateral treaties and on international outer space law in general, a topic of much current discussion, is better understood by an analysis of the development of that body of law. Col Delbert “Chip” Terrill Jr. discusses its early evolution and the Air Force contribution to it. He describes the Air Force's ad hoc approach to international outer space law and its efforts to have this approach adopted by the United States and the international community. Further, the author details the profound impact that the surprise attack at Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941 had on President Dwight D. Eisenhower. He vowed never again to allow the US to be similarly vulnerable to a surprise attack, particularly in a nuclear environment. As part of his efforts to preclude a surprise attack on the United States, Eisenhower sought to establish the concept of free passage of intelligence gathering satellites as part of accepted international outer space law. The author traces how the Eisenhower administration demonstrated a lack of concern about being first in space so long as the concept of free passage in outer space was universally accepted. However, the administration apparently and clearly underestimated the propaganda value that being first would have. Colonel Terrill traces how the Eisenhower administration failed to fully communicate its policy goal of achieving such free passage to the uniformed services. Although civilian leaders in the Defense Department were aware of the administration's position, the Air Force and the other military services at times acted at cross purposes to the concept of free passage. Chip Terrill describes the Air Force's continued efforts to resist the passage of most international outer space law conventions, the restiveness of the Air Force judge advocate general (JAG) corps with a backseat role, and how the JAG generally failed in its early attempt to have the Air Force become proactive in the development of the law. Ironically, Terrill illustrates how the Air Force's ad hoc approach essentially dovetailed with Eisenhower's goal of free passage. Colonel Terrill relates how the Air Force's Project West Ford caused the passage of certain environmentally sensitive provisions of international outer space law. The author closes by examining the comment and coordination process leading to the passage of the Liability for Damages Convention. Such was typical of the Air Force's lukewarm, reactive posture regarding the passage of international conventions, except for the Agreement on Rescue and Return of Astronauts, which the Air Force strongly supported. In short, this superb work documents the interesting gestation period regarding the development of international outer space law. It will undoubtedly contribute to the development of Air Force doctrine by providing a better understanding of the Air Force's involvement in the development of international outer space law.
Download or read book War and Peace in Outer Space written by Cassandra Steer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-20 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book delves into legal and ethical concerns over the increased weaponization of outer space and the potential for space-based conflict in the very near future. Unique to this collection is the emphasis on questions of ethical conduct and legal standards applicable to military uses of outer space. No other existing publication takes this perspective, nor includes such a range of interdisciplinary expertise. The essays included in this volume explore the moral and legal issues of space security in four sections. Part I provides a general legal framework for the law of war and peace in space. Part II tackles ethical issues. Part III looks at specific threats to space security. Part IV proposes possible legal and diplomatic solutions. With an expert author team from North American and Europe, the volume brings together academics, military lawyers, military space operators, aerospace industry representatives, diplomats, and national security and policy experts. The experience of this team provides a collection unmatched in any academic publication broaching even some of these issues and will be required reading for anyone interested in war and peace in outer space.
Download or read book United States Military Space Into the Twenty First Century written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the 42nd volume in the Occasional Paper series of the U.S. Air Force Institute for National Security Studies (INSS). This volume presents two important papers on United States military space. The first paper, "What is Spacepower and Does It Constitute a Revolution in Military Affairs?", examines the concept of "spacepower" as it is emerging within the U.S. military and business sectors to establish the basis for military space roles and implications. It also posits military-commercial sector linkages as the best near-term road map for future development. As commercial activities expand the importance of United States space, and as technological advances enable military missions, Hays sees expanded military roles, including space weaponization, on the horizon. He concludes that military space has already had a significant impact on the American way of war. That trend will only continue as the promise of a true space-led revolution in military affairs awaits eventual space weaponization. Given an increasingly important U.S. commercial and military presence in space, the second paper, "Space-Related Arms Control and Regulation to 2015: Precedents and Prospects," presents a detailed analysis of existing regulations and controls that constrain and shape military space use and development. It also presents a comprehensive examination of current and future issues that will define likely arenas of international efforts to further control military space. The United States must be very aware of the possible consequences for its overall commercial and military space efforts in addressing these issues. Finally, the paper suggests areas where some current regulatory emphasis could benefit the United States, indicating areas for current policy emphasis. Together, the two papers provide a timely and important examination of the current state and the likely future of United States military space.
Download or read book Mastering the Ultimate High Ground Next Steps in the Military Uses of Space written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study assesses the military space challenges facing the Air Force and the nation in light of the watershed findings and recommendations of the congressionally mandated Space Commission that were released in January 2001. It seeks to capture the best thinking among those both in and out of uniform who have paid especially close attention to military space matters in recent years. After a review of the main milestones in the Air Force's ever-growing involvement in space since its creation as an independent service in 1947, the study examines the circumstances that occasioned the commission's creation by Congress in 1999, as well as some conceptual and organizational roadblocks both within and outside the Air Force that have long impeded a more rapid growth of U.S. military space capability. It concludes by exploring the most urgent space-related concerns now in need of Air Force attention. Although the study offers a number of suggestions for shifts in emphasis in U.S. military space policy, it is primarily analytical rather than prescriptive. As such, it aims more to promote a better understanding of the issues than to advocate specific policy recommendations.
Download or read book Common Security in Outer Space and International Law written by Detlev Wolter (jurist.) and published by United Nations Publications UNIDIR. This book was released on 2006 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication explores the concept of common security and the legal foundations for its application in outer space law, based on the premise that outer space is an internationalised common area beyond the national jurisdiction of individual states, and therefore security in space must be the common security of all states. Chapters cover a range of issues including: the principle of the peaceful use of outer space, passive military uses, and multilateral negotiations to prevent an arms race in outer space; structural change of international law and the common heritage of mankind principle; and proposals for a multilateral agreement and the creation of an International Organisation for Common Security in Outer Space.
Download or read book Military Uses of Outer Space written by Isavella Maria Vasilogeorgi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the end of the Cold War, a dramatic swift has been observed in the space activities of States. Whereas in the beginning the various space programmes where more peace-oriented, the increased commercialization of outer space led to the need to increase defensive technology in space as well. The problems arising out of the intensified militarization of outer space over the last decades form part of the analysis of the present Thesis. The interrelation of general international law and of space law is at the background of all relevant argumentation presented in this paper. The modern trends in State practice are also presented and analysed, within the context of the current legal regime. Suggestions and comments on the different proposals presented for solving the problems, real or fictional, of space law, have been included in the Thesis.The conclusion drawn from the research performed for the writing of this paper indicates that the current legal regime govern...
Download or read book United States military space into the twenty first century written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the 42nd volume in the Occasional Paper series of the U.S. Air Force Institute for National Security Studies (INSS). This volume presents two important papers on United States military space. The first paper, "What is Spacepower and Does It Constitute a Revolution in Military Affairs?", examines the concept of "spacepower" as it is emerging within the U.S. military and business sectors to establish the basis for military space roles and implications. It also posits military-commercial sector linkages as the best near-term road map for future development. As commercial activities expand the importance of United States space, and as technological advances enable military missions, Hays sees expanded military roles, including space weaponization, on the horizon. He concludes that military space has already had a significant impact on the American way of war. That trend will only continue as the promise of a true space-led revolution in military affairs awaits eventual space weaponization. Given an increasingly important U.S. commercial and military presence in space, the second paper, "Space-Related Arms Control and Regulation to 2015: Precedents and Prospects," presents a detailed analysis of existing regulations and controls that constrain and shape military space use and development. It also presents a comprehensive examination of current and future issues that will define likely arenas of international efforts to further control military space. The United States must be very aware of the possible consequences for its overall commercial and military space efforts in addressing these issues. Finally, the paper suggests areas where some current regulatory emphasis could benefit the United States, indicating areas for current policy emphasis. Together, the two papers provide a timely and important examination of the current state and the likely future of United States military space.
Download or read book 2019 Challenges to Security in Space Dia Review of Current Military Space Systems of Russia China Iran and North Korea Surveillance Directed Ener written by U. S. Military and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-02-13 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Space-based capabilities provide integral support to military, commercial, and civilian applications. Longstanding technological and cost barriers to space are falling, enabling more countries and commercial firms to participate in satellite construction, space launch, space exploration, and human spaceflight. Although these advancements are creating new opportunities, new risks for space-enabled services have emerged. Having seen the benefits of space-enabled operations, some foreign governments are developing capabilities that threaten others' ability to use space. China and Russia, in particular, have taken steps to challenge the United States: Chinese and Russian military doctrines indicate that they view space as important to modern warfare and view counterspace capabilities as a means to reduce U.S. and allied military effectiveness. Both reorganized their militaries in 2015, emphasizing the importance of space operations. Both have developed robust and capable space services, including space-based intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance. Moreover, they are making improvements to existing systems, including space launch vehicles and satellite navigation constellations. These capabilities provide their militaries with the ability to command and control their forces worldwide and also with enhanced situational awareness, enabling them to monitor, track, and target U.S. and allied forces. Chinese and Russian space surveillance networks are capable of searching, tracking, and characterizing satellites in all earth orbits. This capability supports both space operations and counterspace systems.Introduction * Key Space Concepts * Key Counterspace Concepts * Space-based Services * Orbit Types and Uses * China * Strategy, Doctrine, and Intent * Key Space and Counterspace Organizations . Space and Counterspace Capabilities * Space Launch Capabilities * Human Spaceflight and Space Exploration * ISR, Navigation, and Communications Capabilities * Counterspace Capabilities * Russia * Strategy, Doctrine, and Intent . Key Space and Counterspace Organizations . Space and Counterspace Capabilities * Space Launch Capabilities * Human Spaceflight and Space Exploration * ISR, Navigation, and Communications Capabilities . Counterspace Capabilities * Other Space Challenges * Iran . North Korea * Outlook * Appendix A: Implications of Debris and Orbital Collisions * Appendix B: Counterspace Threats * Appendix C: Glossary of AcronymsContents: 2019 Challenges to Security in Space * 2019 U.S. Intelligence Community Worldwide Threat Assessment.
Download or read book Global Space Governance An International Study written by Ram S. Jakhu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-12 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the Global Space Governance study commissioned by the 2014 Montreal Declaration that called upon civil society, academics, governments, the private sector, and other stakeholders to undertake an international interdisciplinary study. The study took three years to complete. It examines the drivers of space regulations and standards, key regulatory problems, and especially addresses possible improvements in global space governance. The world's leading experts led the drafting of chapters, with input from academics and knowledgeable professionals in the public and private sectors, intergovernmental organizations, and nongovernmental organizations from all the regions of the world with over 80 total participants. This book and areas identified for priority action are to be presented to the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and it is hoped will be considered directly or indirectly at the UNISPACE+50 event in Vienna, Austria, in 2018. The report, a collective work of all the contributors, includes objective analysis and frank statements expressed without pressure of political, national, and occupational concerns or interest. It is peer-reviewed and carefully edited to ensure its accuracy, preciseness, and readability. It is expected that the study and derivative recommendations will form the basis for deliberations and decisions at international conferences and meetings around the world on the theme of global space governance. This will hopefully include future discussion at the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space.
Download or read book Military Space Power written by Wilson W.S. Wong and published by Praeger. This book was released on 2010-02-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a background primer of the science and technology related to the harsh and unforgiving environment of outer space. As space is too often understood through the lens of popular science fiction, leading to beliefs inconsistent with reality, it is important to know what is and is not possible given current technology. From this basis, the book then looks at the key military developments of what may be called the second military space age-- the development of space systems with the purpose of enhancing the application of territorial military force. It then directs attention to military questions and concerns that have emerged regarding outer space as an independent and unique domain to competition, conflict, and potentially war, including a look at passive measures and active measures available and under consideration related to defensive and offensive military kinetic operations in space. Although warfare has not yet extended into outer space, and it remains a relatively pristine environment, the possibility that conflict and war may eventually extend into space cannot be ignored.
Download or read book Can the Outer Space Treaty Ost Prevent Conflicts in Orbit in the 21st Century Critical Emerging Problems Orbital Space Debris Space Weaponizatio written by U. S. Military and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-09-15 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid increase of space activity in the 21st century has raised questions about the adequacy of the 1967 Outer Space Treaty (OST) to govern orbital activities and prevent future international conflicts. This study analyzes the OST's ability to address critical emerging problems across three issue areas: orbital space debris, the weaponization of space, and asteroid and Moon mining. It concludes by arguing that the language within the OST does not adequately address these emerging problems, which could lead to possible conflicts in each of these issue-areas. This study offers several possible policy recommendations for consideration by U.S. decision makers to promote a future framework of stability and longevity in the use of space: 1) transfer responsibility for tracking non-military satellites and space debris in low earth orbit (LEO) from the military to commercial space companies; 2) review the current 25-year guideline for de-orbiting satellites for adequacy; 3) propose a moratorium to China and Russia on further anti-satellite weapons (ASAT) testing; 4) prohibit nefarious behavior in space, rather than trying to prohibit dual-use technologies; 5) initiate talks with Russia and China to reevaluate and discuss the Moon Treaty; and 6) reach out to interested State Parties in the OST to coordinate future space mining legislation. This study will be divided into five chapters. Chapter I introduced the background information on the OST. It was broken up into two parts to set the reader up for the intended study questions. Part one introduces the history of the OST: events leading up to the treaty, conflicts occurring during 1960s, reasons for making the treaty, and the details of the treaty. Part two transitioned into the present day by depicting the major challenges and growth of the use of outer space. It also addressed the change of key players in space; Russia and the United States are no longer alone in their race to space. Other nations with capable space programs include but are not limited to China, Japan, and India. Commercial actors and wealthy individuals are becoming key players in the race to space. With nations, private citizens, commercial companies, and militaries all vying for their place in space, it could inherently lead to conflict. The final few paragraphs of this chapter discussed the case studies that will be examined to determine whether the OST is adequate as it stands to prevent conflict in the 21st century as new risks or threats have emerged. Chapters II, III, and IV will look at three case studies regarding current challenges in space and analyze them against the OST to determine whether changes, amendments, or a proposal of a new international space treaty/agreement need to be made to prevent conflict. Each case study will begin with a brief history of that issue and whether it was considered during the creation of the OST. Additionally, each case study will examine political, military, and commercial interests and their involvement in current space issues. Chapter II will introduce the first case study on the mitigation of space debris. Chapter III will discuss weaponization in space, potential weapons that could be used in space, and the effects those weapons could potentially have on the United States. Chapter IV will address the future of asteroid and Moon mining and the potential concerns that might come with these new activities. The concluding chapter, Chapter V, summarizes the findings (successes and failures) on whether the OST is adequate as it stands to prevent conflict in the 21st century, highlights the gaps (what is missing?), and provides policy recommendations to the treaty in support of future U.S. or international agreements.
Download or read book The Changing Role of the U S Military in Space written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report reviews the dramatic changes occurring in the commercial and foreign space sectors, the ways in which emerging commercial space capabilities can be used by the U.S. military, and what advantages adversaries may gain by exploiting those same capabilities. These changes in the space environment present the Department of Defense (DoD) with opportunities and challenges- challenges and opportunities that are examined in this report with particular reference to the space control mission area. This report should be of interest to Air Force and DoD leaders, planners, and strategists who are concerned with the use of space assets by the U.S. military and potential adversaries, and those engaged in emerging commercial and foreign space capabilities and in the space control mission area.
Download or read book United States National Space Security Policy and the Strategic Issues for DoD Space Control written by Maurice C. Perdomo and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States has been the world leader in space for decades and is second to none in the development of space technology and its uses for industrial, civil, military, and intelligence operations. However, the rest of the world is increasing its reliance on space applications such as navigation, communications, weather prediction, agriculture, and urban planning. The list of how space technology contributes to the world economy grows almost daily. Space globalization is racing faster than U.S. National Security Strategy can keep up. The U.S. strategy calls for the military to develop capabilities to protect U.S. assets during time of conflict. Potential adversaries understand the vulnerabilities. America must deny the enemy use of space if called upon to do so and ensure its ability to operate freely.
