Download or read book Research Development and Clinical Trials for Peptides Based Vaccines written by Shisong Jiang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-05-09 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Vaccine Research and Development written by Koff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-01-22 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Serving as a complementary series to AIDS Research Reviews - edited by Drs. Wayne C. Koff, Flossie Wong-Staal, and Ronald C. Kennedy (Marcel Dekker, Inc.) - this new series reviews significant advances in immunization research and addresses scientific and public policy challenges for moving candidate vaccines from the laboratory to the population.;Exploring recent progress in immunology, vaccine development and improvement, and clinical trials, Vaccine Research and Developments: analyzes the capacity of lipophilic components to chemically modify peptide and protein antigens and augment their immunogenicity; discusses the potential of noninfectious packaging mutants to serve as prototype vaccines; provides a novel presentation system for peptide vaccines through the multiple antigen peptide approach; examines the current status and future prospects for contraceptive vaccines and offers perspectives for improving pertussis vaccines; furnishes a comprehensive update of vaccine clinical trials; and describes the legal policy aspects involved in developing HIV vaccines.;Containing over 915 useful references, Vaccine Research and Developments is for immunologists, microbiologists and virologists, molecular and cell biologists, infectious disease specialists, pharmacologists, government and industry drug regulatory personnel, and graduate level students in these disciplines.

Download or read book Peptide Drug Discovery and Development written by Miguel Castanho and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-10-24 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filling a real knowledge gap, this handbook and ready reference is both modern and forward-looking in its emphasis on the "bench to bedside" translational approach to drug development. Clearly structured into three major parts, the book stakes out the boundaries of peptide drug development in the preclinical as well as clinical stages. The first part provides a general background and focuses on the characteristic strengths and weaknesses of peptide drugs. The second section contains five cases studies of peptides from diverse therapeutic fields, and the lessons to be learned from them, while the final part looks at new targets and opportunities, discussing several drug targets and diseases for which peptide drugs are currently being developed.

Download or read book Development of Vaccines written by Manmohan Singh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-10-11 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development of Vaccines: From Discovery to Clinical Testing outlines the critical steps, and analytical tools and techniques, needed to take a vaccine from discovery through a successful clinical trial. Contributions from leading experts in the critical areas of vaccine expression, purification, formulation, pre-clinical testing and regulatory submissions make this book an authoritative collection of issues, challenges and solutions for progressing a biologic drug formulation from its early stage of discovery into its final clinical testing. A section with details and real-life experiences of toxicology testing and regulatory filing for vaccines is also included.

Download or read book Delivery Technologies for Biopharmaceuticals written by Lene Jorgensen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-10-23 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in biotechnology have provided scientists with an increasing number of biopharmaceuticals such as novel peptide and protein drugs as well as nucleic acid based drugs for gene therapy. However, successful delivery of these biopharmaceuticals is a major challenge because their molecular properties lead to poor physical and chemical stability in the body and limited membrane permeability. Therefore researchers are developing a range of new delivery technologies and materials to enable these new drugs to be delivered intact to their target sites. Delivery Technologies for Biopharmaceuticals describes strategies to overcome the main barriers for successful delivery of therapeutic peptides, proteins, and nucleic acid-based drugs or vaccines related to the site of administration and the target site. Many of the approaches described are reported in formulations in current clinical trials as well as in marketed products. Contents include: challenges in delivery of biopharmaceuticals novel formulation approaches for peptide and protein injectables non-viral chemical vectors and viral technology for delivery of nucleic acid based drugs immune response, adjuvants and delivery systems for vaccines several examples of delivery systems for different biopharmaceuticals a critical assessment of delivery technologies for biopharmaceuticals Delivery Technologies for Biopharmaceuticals is an essential single-volume introduction to the technologies used by researchers to ensure efficient delivery of this exciting new class of drugs. It will be of value to researchers and students working in drug delivery, formulation, biopharmaceuticals, medicinal chemistry, and new materials development.

Download or read book Small Molecules and Peptide Based Candidates as Therapeutics and Vaccines for COVID 19 Pandemic written by Da’san Mahmoud Mousa Jaradat and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-11-16 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Topic Editor Dr. Balakumar Chandrasekaran holds patents relating to N-substituted isatin hydrazones as antimycobacterial and antimicrobial agents, and Pharmaceutical Compounds. Topic Editor Dr. Munir Al-Zeer holds a patent relating to Method for the Preparation of an Influenza Virus. All other Topic Editors declare no competing interests.

Download or read book Molecular Vaccines written by Matthias Giese and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-08 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title discusses all aspects of non-infectious and non-cancer– so called NINC – vaccines. Hypertension, diabetes and allergy vaccine development are referred to as well as the use of adjuvants and nanotechnology in vaccine development. The way of novel vaccines from bench to preclinical to clinical studies and launch to the market under EMEA (European Medicines Agency) and FDA (Food and Drug Administration) guidelines are described in-depth. The book is therefore of interest for researchers and clinicians engaged in vaccine development and molecular vaccine application.

Download or read book Development of COVID 19 Therapies Lessons Learnt and Ongoing Efforts written by Bruno Villoutreix and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-10-24 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Massive experimental, computational, and clinical studies have been performed worldwide, and are still ongoing, to understand and characterize Covid-19 molecular basis and transmission mechanisms, to develop diagnostics and vaccines, and to search for small chemical drug candidates and therapeutic proteins and peptides. Impressive results have been obtained for transmission control and vaccines so far, but what is the status of the other therapeutic options? The crisis has exposed different types of weaknesses in biomedical research in many countries. What can we learn from this crisis in the field of drug discovery and development so as to emerge stronger? The Covid-19 crisis has revealed the strengths of modern drug discovery and vaccine development but also exposed different types of weaknesses that would need to be addressed to be better prepared for a possible next global health crisis. These challenges/weaknesses/obstacles are of very different nature and as such hard to tackle. For instance, in addition to the inherent challenging nature of the scientific discovery, some scientists have mentioned insufficient local/national coordination and observed a fragmented drug discovery research, others have underlined a lack of coordination between the academic system and the private sector, an inadequate international global coordination and cooperation, others highlighted insufficient infrastructures, inappropriate financial supports, limited discussions between the scientific community performing the research and the public health authorities, decision makers and the society, while some remarked insufficient education/training about drug discovery and development leading to confusion… The crisis also raised important scientific questions about the technologies that would need to be used during an emergency situation, combined, integrated, or developed so as to accelerate the identification of small molecule drug candidates and of therapeutic peptides/proteins.

Download or read book Peptide and Protein Vaccines written by Rossen Donev and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-06-08 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published continuously since 1944, the Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology series has been the essential resource for protein chemists. Each volume brings forth new information about protocols and analysis of proteins. Each thematically organized volume is guest edited by leading experts in a broad range of protein-related topics. - Describes advances in application of powerful techniques in a wide bioscience area - Chapters are written by authorities in their field - Targeted to a wide audience of researchers, specialists, and students - The information provided in the volume is well supported by a number of high quality illustrations, figures, and tables

Download or read book Vaccine Development From Concept to Clinic written by A. Krishna Prasad and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2022-11-09 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Utilising successful case studies Vaccine Development will provide insight to the issues scientists face when producing a vaccine, the steps involved and will serve as an ideal reference tool regarding state-of-the-art vaccine development.

Download or read book Therapeutic Vaccines as Novel Immunotherapy written by Hironori Nakagami and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-11 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an excellent introduction to the use of novel therapeutic vaccines for common diseases based on their ability to induce antibody production. While the role of vaccines in the treatment of infectious diseases and cancer is well known, vaccines have also recently been developed for a variety of other conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease, hypertension, diabetes, and spondyloarthritis. These therapeutic advances are fully and clearly documented by acknowledged experts in the field, who explain the relevant biology and highlight the challenges involved in deploying this treatment approach effectively and safely. In addition, recent progress in the construction and delivery of DNA vaccines is documented, and the process of developing new peptide vaccines is explored in depth. While the book will be particularly valuable for researchers and scholars interested in immunotherapy, it will also appeal to clinicians seeking effective new medicines to treat patients suffering from chronic diseases.

Download or read book Epitope Discovery and Synthetic Vaccine Design written by Clarisa Beatriz Palatnik-de-Sousa and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-07-12 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since variolation, conventional approaches to vaccine development are based on live-attenuated, inactivated or purified pathogen-derived components. However, effective vaccines against global health threats such as HIV, parasite infections and tumors are difficult to achieve. On the other hand, synthetic vaccines based on immunogenic epitopes offer advantages over traditional vaccines since they are chemically defined antigens free from deleterious effects. Additionally, in contrast to live-attenuated vaccines, they do not revert to virulence in immunocompromised subjects, and different from genetic vaccines, they do not involve ethical questions. Traditional vaccines contain PAMPs and induce strong immune responses, while recombinant vaccines are less potent. In spite of the immunogenic weakness previously attributed to epitope-based vaccines a synthetic vaccine containing a 17 amino acid-epitope of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Type IV pilus exceeded the protective potential of its cognate protein composed of 115 amino acids. Therefore, the efficacy yield of a synthetic vaccine can be potentiated by using the proper combination of target epitopes. Recent advances in adjuvant development, immunogen platforms for DNA vaccines and viral vectors also contributed to optimize immunogenicity. Another constraint to the use of epitope vaccines was their restriction to some MHC or HLA phenotypes. However, epitopes containing 20 or less amino acids of Plasmodium falciparum and Leishmania donovani bind to multiple HLA-DR and MHC receptors. Thus synthetic epitope vaccines may better meet the requirements of the regulatory agencies since they have lower costs and are easier to produce. The classical experimental approach for the development of an epitope-based vaccine involves the use of recombinant domains or overlapping 15-mer peptides spanning the full length of the target antigen, and the analysis of the induced antibody and/or T cell immune responses in vitro or in vivo. On the other hand, in silico tools can select peptides that are more likely to contain epitopes, reducing the number of sequence candidates. T cell epitope prediction dates back to 1980s, when the first algorithm was developed based on the identification of amphipathic helical regions on protein antigens. Since then, new methods based on MHC peptide-binding motifs or MHC-binding properties have been developed. The recent reverse vaccinology concept uses high-throughput genome sequencing and bioinformatics tools to identify potential targets of immune responses. The feasibility of this approach was shown for the first time in the design of a vaccine against Neisseria meningitides that is now in phase III clinical trials. In addition, different computational tools allow the determination of crucial gene(s) through comparative analyses between different pathogenic strains Alternatively, carbohydrates have been considered as key targets in developing safe and effective vaccines to combat cancer, bacterial and viral infections. Tumor associated carbohydrate antigens can be coupled covalently to protein carriers to target MHC receptors and improve immunogenicity and have reached already pre-clinical and clinical studies. In light of the recent availability of genomic tools, we believe that in the near future an increasing number of vaccine candidates, composed of defined epitopes, will be available for synthetic vaccines showing improved protection.

Download or read book Synthetic Peptide Vaccine Models written by Mesut Karahan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-02-28 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new generation of technological vaccines protect against many infectious diseases. This book describes synthetic peptide-based vaccine prototypes – the future of vaccination. Production of peptides becomes simple using automatic synthesizers. Peptides are weak immunogen and need adjuvants to provide an effective autoimmune response, which is why peptide antigens are conjugated with biopolymers and loaded with nanoparticles. The book illustrates the use of peptides vaccine systems and makes predictions of future development not only for infectious diseases, but also for cancers and brain diseases such as Alzheimer, Parkinson and psychiatric diseases. Key Features Summarizes current studies on technological vaccines Describes the uses of vaccines for the prevention of brain diseases Reviews the ways different polymers are used to enhance vaccine efficacy

Download or read book Self assembling Peptide for HIV 1 Vaccine Design written by Yong Ding and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is a worldwide epidemic, which cannot be eliminated by any current therapeutics, even with highly active antiretroviral therapy, which only can control virus replication. A safe and effective vaccine against HIV-1 that can elicit both potent humoral and cellular responses has been considered a best solution to prevent the infection or to reduce the viral load. However, despite the fact that over 250 clinical trials have been conducted based on different concepts, no vaccine has been successfully developed. The extraordinary diversity of HIV-1, the capability of the virus to escape from the adaptive immunity, the difficulty in inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies, and the lack of clear immune correlates of protection represent the major challenges obstructing the development of HIV-1 vaccines. Designing a peptide-based vaccine that stimulates cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) specifically against the highly conserved epitopes in HIV-1 has been considered a promising strategy. This can provide two theoretical advantages: maximizing the immunological coverage and minimizing the viral escape from recognition of T cells. However, owning to the short sequence (normally 8-10 amino acids for CTL epitopes), these conserved epitopes are weakly immunogenic, requiring potent adjuvants to boost the efficiency. Some novel strategies have been reported to achieve an efficient adjuvant without causing any side effect. Among them, nanoparticle based delivery systems that can provide targeted delivery to immune cells and/or self-adjuvant effect, are emerging as a promising approach. In this thesis, we present a self-assembling peptide based delivery platform efficiently integrating antigenic peptides and immune potentiators in the formulation of a nanoparticle vaccine, and evaluate the immunogenicity in vitro and in vivo. Three parts are involved in this work: (1) feasibility study of the delivery of HIV-1 CTL epitope with the self-assembling peptide EAK16-II (sequence: AEAEAKAKAEAEAKAK) and the cross-presentation efficiency by dendritic cells (DCs); (2) co-delivery of an antigenic peptide and a toll like receptor (TLR) agonist within one nanoparticle to target and maturate DCs, leading to enhanced CTL response; (3) formulating a prophylactic peptide vaccine against HIV-1 by the combination of CD4 epitope-conjugated EAK16-II, CD8 epitope-conjugated EAK16-II, and a TLR agonist R848, which was subsequently assessed the immunogenicity in the transgenic mice. The peptide EAK16-II could self-assemble into nanofibers, which were stable in the acidic environment and in the presence of proteases. We hypothesized that by directly conjugating HIV-1 CD8 epitope with EAK16-II, the fibrillar structures of the conjugate would enhance the stability of epitope and thus improve the immunogenicity. To verify this, the CD8 epitope SL9 was conjugated with EAK16-II to obtain the epitope-loading peptide SL9-EAK16-II. Physicochemical characterizations revealed SL9-EAK16-II spontaneously assembled to short nanofibers in PBS, which were more stable in serum or oligopeptidase than unstructured SL9. Ex-vivo generated DCs that were pulsed with SL9-EAK16-II and activated by maturation cytokines, stimulated more poly-functional CD8+ T cells. This augment was explained by the evidence that SL9-EAK16-II was degraded more slowly than SL9 within DCs, therefore prolonging the stimulation to CD8 T cells. Moreover, the results from confocal microscopy suggested the cytosolic pathway for the cross-presentation of SL9-EAK16-II. However, SL9-EAK16-II itself failed to maturate DCs after internalization, which might cause antigen tolerance. To avoid the induction of tolerance and further enhance the antigenicity of epitope SL9, TLR agonist R837 or R848 was incorporated into the nanofiber formulation. The data from fluorescence spectra and calorimetric titration suggested the co-assembly between SL9-loaded nanofibers and TLR agonist was mainly driven by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. The SL9-EAK16-II/R848 co-assemblies strongly facilitated the activation of DCs, and stimulated significantly more epitope specific CTLs when assessed in the form of DC based vaccine. The in vitro studies implied the potential of the self-assembling peptide EAK16-II as a nanocarrier in the formulation of vaccine. We further determined the applicability of this formulation in vivo. Since the activation of CD4+T cells plays a critical role in the generation of functional memory CTLs, we incorporated an additional CD4 epitope TL13 into the vaccine formulation, via conjugating with EAK16-II. The new formulation of antigen was characterized as nanofibers with average size of approximately 220 nm. The transgenic mice that were subcutaneously injected with these nanofibers produced as much as 1 fold increase in frequencies of SL9 specific CTLs, when compared with the mice vaccinated with either the mixture of epitopes and R848, or R848 alone. Moreover, almost 90% of the SL9 specific CTLs primed by the nanofibers were central memory CD8+ T cells (CD44+, CD62L+), which was the hallmark of the acquired immune response. The in-vivo study suggested not only enhanced magnitude, but also higher quality of T cell response was induced by the nanoparticle-based vaccine. Our findings demonstrated the self-assembling peptide had considerable promise as a delivery platform to integrate the principal components for cellular response-focusing vaccines.

Download or read book Nanoparticles for Rational Vaccine Design written by Harvinder Singh Gill and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-30 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces nanoparticles as a powerful platform for vaccine design. Current challenges in vaccine development are discussed and the unique advantages nanoparticles provide in overcoming these challenges are explored. The authors offer fascinating insights into the immunological assets of using nanoparticles as delivery vehicles or adjuvants and present different materials that are being used in nanoparticle-based vaccine development, covering peptides, proteins, polymers, virus-like particles, and liposomes. Its contemporary research insights and practical examples for applications make this volume an inspiring read for researchers and clinicians in vaccinology and immunology. Chapter "Liposome Formulations as Adjuvants for Vaccines" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Download or read book CPP Cell Penetrating Peptides written by Ülo Langel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-18 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, a summary and update of the most important areas of cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) research are presented, while raising relevant questions for further development. The CPP sequences are presented and discussed throughout the book. The methods for testing CPP mechanisms are discussed in detail. Various approaches for the testing of endocytotic pathways of CPP uptake are also described. Different CPP uptake experiments are compared since it is becoming clear that it is often best to apply several methods in a complementary manner in order to most comprehensively evaluate CPP uptake mechanisms due to the complexity of these processes. A brief summary of functionality issues of CPPs, both in vitro and in vivo, is discussed. Therapeutic potential of CPPs and commercial developments are discussed. The present, second edition of this book is the updated and expanded version of the first edition, published in 2019. The development of the field of cell-penetrating peptides in these five years has been obvious and exciting. This second edition of the book has been partly reorganized and comprehensively expanded with the exciting research in 2019-2023. Around 2500 novel scientific articles have become available, most of them are reviewed in the second edition. Additional rapidly growing areas of high impact presented in this second edition are therapeutic developments (Chapter 16) and delivery of oligonucleotides and proteins/peptides (Chapters 5 and 6) including novel reports on genome editing with CPP assistance. Also, several additional examples are available now on clinical trials using CPPs (Chapter 15). The book is written for researchers and students in the field.

Download or read book Vaccines for the 21st Century written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-02-21 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vaccines have made it possible to eradicate the scourge of smallpox, promise the same for polio, and have profoundly reduced the threat posed by other diseases such as whooping cough, measles, and meningitis. What is next? There are many pathogens, autoimmune diseases, and cancers that may be promising targets for vaccine research and development. This volume provides an analytic framework and quantitative model for evaluating disease conditions that can be applied by those setting priorities for vaccine development over the coming decades. The committee describes an approach for comparing potential new vaccines based on their impact on morbidity and mortality and on the costs of both health care and vaccine development. The book examines: Lessons to be learned from the polio experience. Scientific advances that set the stage for new vaccines. Factors that affect how vaccines are used in the population. Value judgments and ethical questions raised by comparison of health needs and benefits. The committee provides a way to compare different forms of illness and set vaccine priorities without assigning a monetary value to lives. Their recommendations will be important to anyone involved in science policy and public health planning: policymakers, regulators, health care providers, vaccine manufacturers, and researchers.