Download or read book Research and Design of System Architectures and Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Schemes for Optical based Access Networks written by 賴家齡 and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Next Generation FTTH Passive Optical Networks written by Josep Prat and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-16 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fibre-to-the-Home networks constitute a fundamental telecom segment with the required potential to match the huge capacity of transport networks with the new user communication demands. Huge investments in access network infrastructure are expected for the next decade, with many initiatives already launched around the globe recently, driven by the new broadband service demands and the necessity by operators to deploy a future-proof infrastructure in the field. Dense FTTH Passive Optical Networks (PONs) is a cost-efficient way to build fibre access, and international standards (G/E-PON) have been already launched, leading to new set of telecom products for mass deployment. However, these systems only make use of less than 1% of the optical bandwidth; thus, relevant research is taking place to maximize the capacity of these systems, with the latest opto-electronic technologies, demonstrating that the huge bandwidth available through the fibre access can be exploited in a cost-efficient and reliable manner. Next-Generation FTTH Passive Optical Networks gathers and analyzes the most relevant techniques developed recently on technologies for the next generation FTTH networks, trying to answer the question: what’s after G/E-PONs?
Download or read book WDM Systems and Networks written by Neophytos (Neo) Antoniades and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-08 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling, Simulation, Design and Engineering of WDM Systems and Networks provides readers with the basic skills, concepts, and design techniques used to begin design and engineering of optical communication systems and networks at various layers. The latest semi-analytical system simulation techniques are applied to optical WDM systems and networks, and a review of the various current areas of optical communications is presented. Simulation is mixed with experimental verification and engineering to present the industry as well as state-of-the-art research. This contributed volume is divided into three parts, accommodating different readers interested in various types of networks and applications. The first part of the book presents modeling approaches and simulation tools mainly for the physical layer including transmission effects, devices, subsystems, and systems), whereas the second part features more engineering/design issues for various types of optical systems including ULH, access, and in-building systems. The third part of the book covers networking issues related to the design of provisioning and survivability algorithms for impairment-aware and multi-domain networks. Intended for professional scientists, company engineers, and university researchers, the text demonstrates the effectiveness of computer-aided design when it comes to network engineering and prototyping.
Download or read book Next generation Broadband Access Network Architectures and Services written by Partha Bhaumik and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Access networking has become an area of major research interest in recent times. Subscribers need high capacity as they consume triple-play services (voice, data, video). It is important to analyze the performance of current state-of-the-art access network technologies in supporting these services, as well as developing new cost-effective architectures that maximize the reuse of existing infrastructure. We study the performance of 10 Gbit/s Ethernet Passive Optical Network standard (10G-EPON), in providing Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) services. As video over IP gains popularity, there is a need for traffic modeling for such applications. Forecasting how streaming IPTV over a network will perform is challenging as the data rate of a video stream varies with scene, time, framerate, and encoding. Using video traces for such evaluation requires multiple traces to represent different scenarios and involves slow I/O-based operations, such as file reading. We explore several aspects of modeling IPTV traffic, and present a synthetic video trace generator that is fast, easy to implement, and closely resembles empirical IPTV traces. 10G-EPON can be a suitable option for IPTV vendors as it provides the high bandwidth needed by High Definition (HD) IPTV. We use the generated synthetic trace to evaluate the performance of 10G-EPON in streaming IPTV, based on number of parallel video streams supported, effects of degree of video compression, packet delay and jitter. We show that a 10G-EPON topology with a single Optical Line Terminal (OLT) can support many concurrent video channels at full high definition -- around 1400 and 500 at maximum and zero compressions -- with small buffer sizes (around 300 kilobytes) at the Optical Network Units (ONUs). We investigate the challenges in designing the network architecture for running EPON Protocol over Coax -- EPoC in short -- the transparent extension of EPON over a cable operator's Hybrid Fiber-Coax (HFC) network. Such hybrid architectures are necessary because fiber cannot be always deployed up to the end-users' homes due to high cost of deployment, and needs to be terminated at the curb or basement of apartment buildings, creating a bottleneck segment. EPoC is strongly backed by both service operators and equipment vendors, who participated in the IEEE 802.3bn Task Force. The idea is to run EPON Medium Access Control (MAC) over the coax physical layer, to have a centralized and unified scheduling, management, and quality-of-service (QoS) environment from the cable head-end to the end-users' premises. We describe the architecture of EPoC, and outline how the EPON MAC Control, i.e., the Multi-Point Control Protocol (MPCP) can be extended for designing an end-to-end Multi-Point MAC Control for EPoC. We explain several MAC functions and their operation, including upstream and downstream framing for coax, Ethernet frame fragmentation, generation of upstream and downstream Media Allocation Plans, and automatic discovery and registration of user equipment. We compare framing approaches based on their control overheads and the maximum average data transmission rates, and analyze how different parameters such as modulation profile, symbol duration, number of sub-carriers, length of resource blocks, etc. affect the data rates, and show that dynamic and hybrid framing approaches perform better than static ones for real-world traffic patterns. We propose and analyze a dynamic, intelligent, delay-aware and centralized bandwidth allocation (DBA) scheme for EPoC, where all allocation decisions are made at the head-end. Finally, we present the architecture of EPoC with an intelligent media converter -- a Coax Line Terminal (CLT), which can perform dynamic bandwidth allocation in the coax segment. We propose an intelligent DBA scheme based on Interleaved Polling with Adaptive Cycle Time (IPACT) for allocating bandwidth to the coax network units (CNUs) using feedback from the CLTs. We show that, for an asymmetrically-loaded network, the scheme performs better than the Limited Service scheme of IPACT. We analyze the effect of the number of CLTs used for a fixed number of subscriber homes on the performance of EPoC, and find that using more CLTs is generally better. We also propose Logical Topology Emulation in EPoC including logical link identifier (LLID) filtering rules. Finally, we outline some interesting open problems for future research in EPoC and hybrid access architectures involving optical, coax, and wireless.
Download or read book Broadband Access Networks written by Abdallah Shami and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-23 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considering the key evolutions within the access network technologies as well as the unprecedented levels of bandwidth demands by end users, this book condenses the relentless research, design, and deployment experience of state-of-the-art access networks. Furthermore, it shares the critical steps and details of the developments and deployment of these emergent technologies; which is very crucial particularly as telecommunications vendors and carriers are looking for cost-effective ultra-broadband “last-mile” access solutions to stay competitive in the “post bubble” era. The book is written to provide a comprehensive overview of the major broadband access technologies and deployments involving internationally recognized authors and key players. Due to its scope and depth, the proposed book is able to fill an important gap of today’s available literature.
Download or read book Optical Networks written by Hussein T. Mouftah and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical Networks - Architecture and Survivability, is a state-of-the-art work on survivable and cost-effective design of control and management for networks with IP directly over Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology (or called Optical Internet). The authors address issues of signaling mechanisms, resource reservation, and survivable routing and wavelength assignment. Special emphasis has been given to the design of meshed, middle-sized, and wavelength-routed networks with dynamic traffic in the optical domain, such as the next-generation Metropolitan Area Network. Research and development engineers, graduate students studying wavelength-routed WDM networks, and senior undergraduate students with a background in algorithms and networking will find this book interesting and useful. This work may also be used as supplemental readings for graduate courses on internetworking, routing, survivability, and network planning algorithms.
Download or read book Long Reach Passive Optical Networks written by Huan Song and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the advances in optical technology, the span of a broadband access network using Passive Optical Network (PON) technology can be increased from today's standard of 20 km to 100 km or higher. Such an extended-reach PON is known as Long-Reach PON (LR-PON). This technology can enable broadband access for a large number of customers in the access/metro area, while decreasing capital and operational expenditures for the network operator. Therefore, it is very desirable to comprehensively investigate this technology for future broadband access. This dissertation is dedicated to the research of architecture, management, and reliability of LR-PON. This dissertation first reviews the evolutionary path of access networks and shows the drivers from technology and business perspectives for high bandwidth and low cost. A variety of research challenges in this field is reviewed, from optical components in the physical layer to the control and management issues in the upper layers. We discuss the requisites for optical sources, optical amplifiers, and optical receivers in optical access networks with high transmission rate (10 Gbps) and large power attenuation (due to large split, transmission over 100 km and beyond, and propagation). We analyze the key topological structures to guarantee physical protection (e.g., tree-and-branch, ring-and-spur). Then, some relevant demonstrations of Long-Reach optical access networks developed worldwide by different research institutes are presented. A major challenge in LR-PON is that the propagation delay (for data as well as control signals) between the telecom central office (CO) and the end user is increased by a very significant amount. Now, traditional PON algorithms for scheduling the upstream transmission, such as dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) algorithms, may not be sufficient; actually, they may lead to degraded performance because of the long delay of the CO-to-Users "control loop". This challenge motivates us to propose and study a multi-thread polling algorithm to effectively and fairly distribute the upstream bandwidth dynamically. This algorithm exploits the benefits of having multiple polling processes running simultaneously and enabling users to send bandwidth requests before receiving acknowledgement from the CO. We compare the proposed algorithm with traditional DBA, and show its advantage on average packet delay. With the increased bandwidth requests from the expanding base of users, LR-PON should utilize the network resource (e.g., wavelengths, lasers, etc.) more effectively. We propose a new and efficient protocol to achieve better utilization of tunable lasers, as well as wavelength resources across different user groups in LR-PON. In order to accommodate downstream bursty traffic and provide Quality of Service (QoS) in the user-specified Service-Level Agreements (SLA), the protocol integrates our proposed SLA-aware bandwidth allocation scheme based on flow scheduling. We show the protocol's advantage to support incremental upgrade of bandwidth with increasing user bandwidth requests, and to provide a user with a SLA which guarantees a number of streaming flows with average bandwidth and maximum delay guarantee (e.g., 5 ms), as well as data flows with average bandwidth specifications. Since LR-PON serves a lot more users, a network failure may lead to a huge amount of data loss and negative user experience. Thus, to understand the importance of LR-PON survivability, we propose hardware-accelerated protection schemes for the LR-PON, incorporating the "ring-and-spur" structure to achieve fast protection-switching time, and automatic failure location at the Optical Line Terminal (OLT), which is located at the head end of the optical access network. We design the protection schemes for multiple network environments, e.g., unidirectional transmission vs. bidirectional transmission, and 1+1 protection vs. 1:1 protection. The numerical examples demonstrate that protection paths can be established within a few tens of ms after a failure occurs. This dissertation makes important contributions by studying novel architectures, protocols, and algorithms of LR-PON that will help to improve the next-generation telecom access networks.
Download or read book Optical Networks written by Debasish Datta and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-01 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the emergence of lasers and optical fibers, optical networking made its beginning in the 1970s with high-speed LANs/MANs. In the 1980s, when the bandwidth of intercity microwave links turned out to be inadequate for digital telephony, the technology for single-wavelength optical communications using SONET/SDH arrived as a saviour to replace the microwave links. However, single-wavelength links couldn't utilize the huge bandwidth (40 THz) of optical fibers, while the bandwidth demands kept soaring. This necessitated the use of wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) for concurrent transmission over multiple wavelengths, increasing the available bandwidth significantly. Today, optical networking has become an indispensable part of telecommunication networks at all hierarchical levels. The book Optical Networks provides a graduate level presentation of optical networks, capturing the past, present and ensuing developments with a unique blend of breadth and depth. The book is organized in four parts and three appendices. Part I presents an overview and the enabling technologies in two chapters, Part II presents the single-wavelength optical networks in three chapters, while Part III deals with the various forms of WDM optical networks in four chapters. Finally, Part IV presents some selected topics in six chapters, dealing with a number of contemporary and emerging topics. Optical Networks provides a comprehensive all-in-one text for beginning graduate as well as final-year undergraduate students, and also allows R&D engineers to quickly refresh the basics and then move on to emerging topics.
Download or read book Intelligent Systems for Optical Networks Design Advancing Techniques written by Kavian, Yousef S. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2013-03-31 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the increased demand for high-speed communication creates an interest in the development of optical networks, intelligent all optical networks have emerged as the next generation for reliable and fast connections. Intelligent Systems for Optical Networks Design: Advancing Techniques is a comprehensive collection of research focused on theoretical and practical aspects of intelligent methodologies as applied to real world problems. This reference source is useful for research and development engineers, scholars, and students interested in the latest development in the area of intelligent systems for optical networks design.
Download or read book Optical Access Networks and Advanced Photonics Technologies and Deployment Strategies written by Chochliouros, Ioannis P. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2009-07-31 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book presents a comprehensive overview of emerging optical access network solutions to efficiently meet the anticipated growth in bandwidth demand"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Current Research Progress of Optical Networks written by Lin Ma and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-16 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical communication networks have played and will continue to play a prominent role in the development and deployment of communication network infrastructures. New optical systems and protocols will enable next generation optical networks to meet the diverse requirements from a wide range of new applications and services. Optical networks have evolved to become more flexible, intelligent and reliable. New optical switching architectures, technologies, and sophisticated control and management protocols have already enabled optical networks to be used not only in the core but also the metropolitan and access networks. The widespread deployment of optical communication networks will continue to have a big impact on our future lifestyle. Current Research Progress of Optical Networks is aimed to provide an overview on recent research progresses in optical networking with proposed solutions, survey and tutorials on various issues and topics in optical network technologies and services.
Download or read book Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation for Ethernet Passive Optical Networks written by Roudy Chammas and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Heterogeneous Wireless Access Networks written by Ekram Hossain and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-18 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heterogeneous wireless networking, which is sometimes referred to as the fourth-generation (4G) wireless, is a new frontier in the future wireless communications technology and there has been a growing interest on this topic among researchers and engineers in both academia and industry. This book will include a set of research and survey articles featuring the recent advances in theory and applications of heterogeneous wireless networking technology for the next generation (e.g., fourth generation) wireless communications systems. With the rapid growth in the number of wireless applications, services and devices, using a single wireless technology such as a second generation (2G) and third generation (3G) wireless system would not be efficient to deliver high speed data rate and quality-of-service (QoS) support to mobile users in a seamless way. Fourth generation (4G) wireless systems are devised with the vision of heterogeneity in which a mobile user/device will be able to connect to multiple wireless networks (e.g., WLAN, cellular, WMAN) simultaneously. This book intends to provide a unified view on the state-of-the-art of protocols and architectures for heterogeneous wireless networking. The contributed articles will cover both the theoretical concepts and system-level implementation issues related to design, analysis, and optimization of architectures and protocols for heterogeneous wireless access networks.
Download or read book Design and Analysis of Next Generation Ethernet based Passive Optical Access Networks written by Ahmad R. Dhaini and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation in CDMA based Passive Optical Networks written by Bona Ater and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Fiber to the home (FTTH) technology is an attractive solution for providing high bandwidth from the Central Office (CO) to residences and small-and medium-sized businesses. The emergence of Internet Protocol-based communication within households such as VoIP, IPTV, video conferencing, and high definition multimedia shows that there is a need for high-capacity networks that can handle differentiated services. By providing an optical fiber link to a household where the optical network unit (ONU) is located, there will be a tremendous increase in information capacity with respect to Digital Subscriber Line and cable modem technologies that are currently in place. In access networks, Passive Optical Networks (PON) are rapidly replacing copper-based technologies due to a wide range of benefits, one of which is having the capability to transmit data at a higher rate and reach further distances without signal degradation. Under the PON family of technologies, Ethernet PON (EPON) was developed and is specified in the IEEE 802.3 standard outlining the framework that can deliver voice, data, and video over a native Ethernet port to businesses and residential customers. An increasingly important subject to network operators is Quality of Service (QoS). Although the EPON specification provides mechanisms for supporting QoS, it does not specify or define an algorithm for providing QoS. Rather it is up to the CO to design and implement an appropriate algorithm to meet the specifications of services that are offered to their clients. Researchers have extensively studied bandwidth allocation in EPON where the challenge is to develop bandwidth allocation algorithms that can fairly redistribute bandwidth among ONUs based on their demand. These algorithms were developed for the uplink direction, from ONUs to CO, in a network where only a single ONU is permitted to transmit at a time. Another well-established PON technology is Optical Code-Division Multiple Access PON (OCDMA-PON). In recent years, it has become more economical due to hardware advancements and it has gained a lot of attention due to its benefits over EPON. The most attractive benefit of OCDMA-PON is that multiple ONUs may transmit to the CO simultaneously, depending on a number of constraints, whereas EPON is limited to a single ONU transmission at a time. In this thesis, we develop a dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm called Multi-Class Credit-Based Packet Scheduler (MCBPS) for OCDMA-PON in the uplink direction that supports the Internet Protocol (IP) Differentiated Services and takes advantage of the simultaneous nature of OCDMA. The IP Differentiated Services specifications stipulate the following traffic classifications: Expedited Forwarding for low latency, low packet loss, and low jitter applications; Assured Forwarding for services that require low packet loss; and Best Effort which are not guaranteed any bandwidth commitments. MCBPS incorporates the use of credit pools and the concept of a credit bank system to provide the same services as EPON by assigning ONUs specific timeslots to transmit data and also by specifying the amount of bytes from each class. MCBPS is a central office based algorithm that provides global fairness between Quality of Service (QoS) classes while also ensuring that at any given moment the desired number of simultaneous transmissions is not exceeded. We demonstrate through simulation that MCBPS algorithm is applicable in both EPON and OCDMA-PON environments. An in-house simulation program written in the C programming language is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The MCBPS algorithm was tested alongside a benchmark algorithm called Interleaved Polling with Adaptive Cycle Time (IPACT) algorithm to compare network throughput, average packet delay, maximum packet delay, and packet loss ratio. From the simulation results it was observed that MCBPS algorithm is able to satisfy the QoS requirements and its performance is comparable to IPACT where the simultaneous transmission is limited to one. The simulation results also show that as the number of simultaneous transmissions within the network increases, so does the bandwidth. The MCBPS algorithm is able to re-distribute the scaling bandwidth while ensuring that a single ONU or QoS class does not monopolize all the available bandwidth. In doing so, through simulation results, as the simultaneous transmissions increases, the average packet delay decreases and the packet loss ratio improves."-- from abstract.
Download or read book A New Credit Based Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Scheme for Ethernet Passive Optical Networks written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Radio and Optical Networks Convergence written by Tetsuya Kawanishi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-11-04 with total page 1711 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides comprehensive knowledge on device and system technologies for seamlessly integrated networks of various types of transmission media such as optical fibers and millimeter and THz waves to offer super high-speed data link service everywhere. The seamless integration of the knowledge of radio and optical technologies is needed to construct wired and wireless seamless networks. High-frequency bands such as millimeter-wave and THz-wave bands where super wideband spectra are available can offer high-speed data transmission and high-resolution sensing. However, the expected coverage is limited due to large wave propagation loss. Thus, convergence of radio and optical links is indispensable to construct worldwide networks. The radio and optical technologies share the same physics and are closely related to each other but have been developed independently. Therefore, there is a big gap between these two fields. Bridging the two fields, this handbook is also intended as a common platform to design integrated networks consisting of wireless and wired links. Full coverage of wireless and wired convergence fields ranging from basics of device and transmission media to applications allows the reader to efficiently access all the important references in this single handbook. Further, it also showcases state-of-the-art technology and cases of its use.
