Download or read book Reef Fish Connectivity in the Hawaiian Archipelago written by Johanna L. K. Wren and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite decades of research, factors that drive population patterns and connectivity in the ocean are hotly debated and largely unknown. With a changing climate and an ever increasing anthropogenic strain, protecting our oceans for future generations is vital. Coral reefs are some of the most productive ecosystems on earth, and in order to protect them we need to gain a deeper understanding of the biological and physical dynamics that govern species distributions and survival. This dissertation aims to explore larval dispersal and population connectivity in the Hawaiian Archipelago. To effectively manage coral reef ecosystems, it is imperative to understand where the new generation comes from. To gain insight into the drivers behind observed larval distribution patterns I ground-truthed a biophysical model with in situ larval distributions obtained during midwater trawling off the coast of West Hawai'i Island. I was able to show that a connectivity model explained observed larval abundances and distributions of the yellow tang, Zebrasoma flavescens, to a significant degree. The dispersal model also showed that successful larvae most likely inhabit the deeper waters around 100 m for optimum settlement success and that larvae can travel from one end of the Main Hawaiian Islands to the other in 45 days. The groundtruthed model allowed me to explore modeled potential connectivity in the Hawaiian Archipelago and generate a comprehensive estimate of connectivity of passive particles for the region. Genetic population connectivity has been studied extensively in the Hawaiian Archipelago, but to date no study has looked at large scale modeled larval connectivity patterns. By comparing genetic population connectivity patterns with modeled larval connectivity patterns driven by the physical environment we can begin to understand drivers of population connectivity. I found that modeled self-recruitment was high throughout the archipelago. This is important because being able to provide your own young makes a population less reliant on outside sources of genes and larvae. Results from the biophysical model indicate that connectivity in the NWHI is predominantly driven by physical factors e.g. ocean currents. Connectivity patterns in the Main Hawaiian Islands are not explained by the physical oceanographic environment, rather, biological and anthropogenic factors are likely important for dispersal. The biophysical model identified distinct breaks in the archipelago where larval exchange is limited, and I was able to describe the directionality and relative size of dispersal between the MHI and the NWHI. Understanding larval exchange between the MHI and NWHI is important because the MHI are heavily fished while the NWHI are protected as part of one of the largest marine protected areas in the world, Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument. In the final part of this work I investigate how El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) change connectivity patterns in the Hawaiian Archipelago. Having a deeper understanding of changes in connectivity during relatively extreme events such as ENSO allows us to better plan for management in a changing climate. The study showed that unique connectivity pathways open up between the Hawaiian Archipelago and Johnston Atoll during El Niño events providing a pathway for larval exchange between the Hawaiian Archipelago and other islands in the Pacific Ocean. During La Niña years Johnston Atoll acts as an outpost, with modeled connectivity pathways opening up from Hawai'i towards Johnston Atoll. El Niño years had longer mean dispersal distances, and more larvae that traveled further, compared with normal and La Niña years. These periodic long distance dispersal events may contribute to the exchange of genes between distant populations, and allowing greater genetic diversity and potentially building resilience towards changing environments.
Download or read book Reef Fish Endemism and Genetic Connectivity written by Kimberly A. Tenggardjaja and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While it was once widely accepted that there is plentiful larval dispersal and high levels of connectivity in marine populations, studies detecting self-recruitment and local larval retention in reef fishes have revealed that not all marine organisms demonstrate broad-scale dispersal. Isolated oceanic islands with their abundance of endemic species serve as excellent systems for studying the factors that may be influencing dispersal in marine populations. Furthermore, understanding patterns of dispersal in endemic species is relevant to conservation and management efforts that seek to protect these unique and vulnerable species. This dissertation employed molecular techniques to analyze the phylogeography of damselfishes endemic to the Hawaiian Archipelago and to draw conclusions about patterns of connectivity in endemic reef fishes. The endemic damselfishes that have been surveyed throughout the archipelago thus far all exhibit population structure (Chapter 1). This is consistent with the assumption that the low dispersal ability of endemic species results in population structure. However, some Hawaiian endemic reef fishes lack genetic structure in the archipelago, so population structure may be characteristic of endemics only in certain taxonomic families, such as the Pomacentridae. In contrast to their endemic counterparts, widespread damselfishes that have broad distributions across the Indo-Pacific show high levels of connectivity across the Hawaiian Archipelago (Chapter 2). This side-by-side comparison of widespread and endemic damselfishes lends support to a proposed correlation between range size and dispersal ability, at least within the spatial scale of the archipelago. These widespread damselfishes, together with several species of widespread reef fishes that lacked population structure in the Hawaiian Islands, show genetic differentiation across the spatial scale of the Indo-Pacific. Thus, at a larger spatial scale (between archipelagoes), the relationship between range size and dispersal ability is more tenuous. Patterns of connectivity even vary with spatial scale in the endemic damselfish Chromis verater found on shallow and mesophotic reefs in the Hawaiian Archipelago and Johnston Atoll (Chapter 3). The dispersal abilities of Chromis verater do not appear to limit it in terms of vertical connectivity (7-113 m in this study), but there are some restrictions to horizontal connectivity across the Hawaiian Archipelago (2600 km) and between the archipelago and Johnston Atoll (separated by 860 km). Overall, the results from this dissertation lend support to the assumption that the low dispersal ability of endemic species results in less connectivity and more population structure than in widespread species. However, it remains unclear whether this applies to all reef fish families or if it holds true in locations besides the Hawaiian Archipelago. Also, these results illustrate the importance of considering spatial scale and phylogenetic constraint when drawing conclusions about dispersal in reef fishes.
Download or read book Shore Fishes of Hawaii written by John E. Randall and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2010-03-31 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Shore Fishes of Hawai‘i updates our knowledge of Hawaiian fishes and has been expanded to include 372 species. All are illustrated by the author’s 475 superb photographs. The most important characteristics to identify a fish are given as well as the size attained and its distribution. Each species account begins with the American common name, followed by the Hawaiian name (when known), and the scientific name. Because it is necessary to use some scientific terminology when giving the principal diagnostic characteristics of families or species of fishes and what they eat, a handy glossary appears at the back of the book before the Index.
Download or read book Reef and Shore Fishes of the Hawaiian Islands written by John E. Randall and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'ouvrage traite des 612 espèces de poissons des iles de Hawai (dont un quart sont endémiques) vivant du rivage jusqu'à 200 m de profondeur. Il fournit une description générale de chacune des 101 familles de poissons des iles Hawai, suivie des clés d'identification des espèces et d'informations sur celles-ci (description, distribution géographique, biologie). Chaque description d'espèce est illustrée d'une photographie.
Download or read book Temporal Comparisons of Reef Fish Populations at Midway Atoll Northwestern Hawaiian Islands written by Edward Emile DeMartini and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems written by Yossi Loya and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-21 with total page 1003 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes what is known about mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) geographically and by major taxa. MCEs are characterized by light-dependent corals and associated communities typically found at depths ranging from 30-40 m. and extending to over 150 m. in tropical and subtropical ecosystems. They are populated with organisms typically associated with shallow coral reefs, such as macroalgae, corals, sponges, and fishes, as well as specialist species unique to mesophotic depths. During the past decade, there has been an increasing scientific and management interest in MCEs expressed by the exponential increase in the number of publications studying this unique environment. Despite their close proximity to well-studied shallow reefs, and the growing evidence of their importance, our scientific knowledge of MCEs is still in its early stages. The topics covered in the book include: regional variation in MCEs; similarities and differences between mesophotic and shallow reef taxa, biotic and abiotic conditions, biodiversity, ecology, geomorphology, and geology; potential connectivity between MCEs and shallow reefs; MCE disturbances, conservation, and management challenges; and new technologies, key research questions/knowledge gaps, priorities, and future directions in MCE research.
Download or read book The State of Coral Reef Ecosystems of the United States and Pacific Freely Associated States written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coral Reefs of the USA written by Bernhard M. Riegl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-21 with total page 811 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral Reefs of the USA provides a complete overview of the present status of knowledge regarding all coral reef areas within the USA and its territories. It is written by the most experienced authorities in their fields and geographic areas. Stretching from the Caribbean to the western Pacific, the coral reefs of the USA span extensive geographic and biotic diversity, occur in a wide variety of geomorphological settings, and provide a representative cross-section of Holocene reef-building. This book will therefore be of broad general interest. For the first time, complete scholarly reviews are given for the geology, geomorphology and the biology of reefs encompassing a vast area stretching from the Mariana Islands in the west, Samoa in the south, Hawaii in the north and the Virgin Islands in the east. This book is not a status report, but will provide up-to-date information about stressors and the biotic responses of the reefs, as well as the geological explanations why these reefs exist in the first place. It will be an invaluable baseline-reference for all those who are engaged in research or management of these coral reefs or to those who simply enjoy being well-informed about one of the most iconic ecosystems of the USA.
Download or read book The Importance of Behavior in the Recruitment of Marine Fauna and Flora written by Claire Beatrix Paris and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-08-05 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Issues in Fisheries Habitat Conservation and Research for the Hawaiian Archipelago and Central Pacific written by George W. Boehlert and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Catalog of Coral Reef Fish Life History Specimens for the Hawaiian Islands written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A summary of existing coral reef fish specimens suitable for life history work in Hawaii. Information is organized by specimen location, with the primary contact person listed at the top of the table. Only species groups with greater than 5 specimens were included. Interested parties should contact the person/place listed at the top of each table for availability of samples"--Introduction.
Download or read book Hawaiian Coral Reef Ecology written by David Gulko and published by Mutual Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corals and coral reefs represent the most complex and diverse ecosystems on earth. This field guide identifies coral reef mammals, an in-depth exploration of the myriad of interrelationships, and a sysnthesis of the most recent theories and research surrounding coral reef ecology.
Download or read book Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management written by Jason S. Link and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-25 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "By examining a suite of over 90 indicators for nine major U.S. fishery ecosystem jurisdictions, Link and Marshak systematically track the progress the U.S. has made toward advancing ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) and making it an operational reality. Covering a range of socioeconomic, governance, environmental forcing, major pressures, systems ecology, and fisheries criteria, they evaluate progress toward EBFM in the U.S., covering a wide range of longitude, latitude, and parts of major ocean basins, representing over 10% of the world’s ocean surface area. They view progress toward the implementation of EBFM as synonymous with improved management of living marine resources in general, and highlight lessons learned from a national perspective. Although US-centric, the lessons learned are applicable for all parts of the global ocean. Though much work remains, significant progress has been made to better address many of the challenges facing the sustainable management of our living marine resources"--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Ecology of Fishes on Coral Reefs written by Camilo Mora and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The local diversity and global richness of coral reef fishes, along with the diversity manifested in their morphology, behaviour and ecology, provides fascinating and diverse opportunities for study. Reflecting the very latest research in a broad and ever-growing field, this comprehensive guide is a must-read for anyone interested in the ecology of fishes on coral reefs. Featuring contributions from leaders in the field, the 36 chapters cover the full spectrum of current research. They are presented in five parts, considering coral reef fishes in the context of ecology, patterns and processes, human intervention and impacts, conservation, and past and current debates. Beautifully illustrated in full-colour, this book is designed to summarise and help build upon current knowledge and to facilitate further research. It is an ideal resource for those new to the field as well as for experienced researchers.
Download or read book Coral Reef Fishes written by Peter F. Sale and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2006-07-20 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral Reef Fishes is the successor of The Ecology of Fishes on Coral Reefs. This new edition includes provocative reviews covering the major areas of reef fish ecology. Concerns about the future health of coral reefs, and recognition that reefs and their fishes are economically important components of the coastal oceans of many tropical nations, have led to enormous growth in research directed at reef fishes. This book is much more than a simple revision of the earlier volume; it is a companion that supports and extends the earlier work. The included syntheses provides readers with the current highlights in this exciting science. * An up-to-date review of key research areas in reef fish ecology, with a bibliography including hundreds of citations, most from the last decade * Authoritative and provocative chapters written to suggest future research priorities * Includes discussions of regulation of fish populations, dispersal or site fidelity of larval reef fishes, sensory and motor capabilities of reef fish larvae, and complexities of management of reef species and communities
Download or read book Guide to Hawaiian Reef Fishes written by John E. Randall and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Telegraph Messenger s New Year s Greeting written by and published by . This book was released on 1889 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
