Download or read book Recent Developments on Debris Flows written by Aronne Armanini and published by Springer. This book was released on 1997-02-20 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gives a general overview of recent approaches to debris flows. Problems of both occurrences and dynamics of debris flow are treated, taking into account new results from theoretical and experimental research and field observations. Finally, the functioning of the main control devices are reconsidered in the light of the state of the art.
Download or read book Debris Flow written by Tamotsu Takahashi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-03-10 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the 2nd edition of one of the most comprehensive accounts of debris flow, describing both theoretical and applied aspects. In the first part, the fundamental mechanical characteristics are discussed, including flow characteristics, type classification, mechanics, occurrence and development, fully developed flow, and deposition processes. Th
Download or read book Recent Advances in Modeling Landslides and Debris Flows written by Wei Wu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-12 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Landslides and debris flows belong to the most dangerous natural hazards in many parts of the world. Despite intensive research, these events continue to result in human suffering, property losses, and environmental degradation every year. Better understanding of the mechanisms and processes of landslides and debris flows will help make reliable predictions, develop mitigation strategies and reduce vulnerability of infrastructure. This book presents contributions to the workshop on Recent Developments in the Analysis, Monitoring and Forecast of Landslides and Debris Flow, in Vienna, Austria, September 9, 2013. The contributions cover a broad spectrum of topics from material behavior, physical modelling over numerical simulation to applications and case studies. The workshop is a joint event of three research projects funded by the European Commission within the 7th Framework Program: MUMOLADE (Multiscale modelling of landslides and debris flows, www.mumolade.com), REVENUES (Numerical Analysis of Slopes with Vegetations, http://www.revenues-eu.com) and HYDRODRIL (Integrated Risk Assessment of Hydrologically-Driven Landslides, www.boku.ac.at/igt/).
Download or read book Periglacial Preconditioning of Debris Flows in the Southern Alps New Zealand written by Katrin Sattler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-11 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis represents one of the few studies so far that systematically analyses environmental conditions within debris flow source areas to determine their relative importance for debris flow development. Environmental site conditions, such as slope gradient and debris availability, influence the spatial and temporal distribution of debris flows in high-alpine areas. However, current understanding of these preconditioning controls is mostly qualitative and inadequate for debris-flow hazard assessments and climate change impact studies. The author's research investigates the role of frost weathering and permafrost in the occurrence of debris flows in the Southern Alps of New Zealand. Analyses are based on an extensive debris flow inventory, documenting debris flow occurrence and activity over the last 60 years in selected catchments. Debris flow activity is compared to frost-weathering intensity estimates from two models, allowing the practical comparison of two competing frost-weathering hypotheses currently discussed in literature. Information on permafrost occurrence is based on a new distributed permafrost estimate for the Southern Alps, derived from climatic conditions at active rock glacier sites. This pioneering thesis provides empirical evidence that frost weathering promotes debris-flow formation. It further highlights the potential and limitations of regional-scale studies for advancing our understanding of debris-flow preconditioning factors.
Download or read book The High Mountain Cryosphere written by Christian Huggel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-07 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a definitive overview of the global drivers of high-mountain cryosphere change and their implications for people across high-mountain regions.
Download or read book Monitoring Simulation Prevention and Remediation of Dense Debris Flows II written by D. De Wrachien and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains papers presented at Second International Conference on Debris Flow including all aspects of Debris Flow Monitoring, Modelling, Hazard Assessment, Mitigation Measures, Case Studies and Extreme Events, Erosion, Slope Instability and Sediment Transport, held in the New Forest, UK in 2008 and organised by the Wessex Institute of Technology, with the co-sponsorship of EurAgEng (European Society of Agricultural Engineers) and CIGR (International Commission of Agricultural Engineering). Due to the increased frequency with which debris and hyper-concentrated flows occur and the impact they have on both the environment and human life, in recent years these extreme events and related processes have attracted increasing attention from research groups, land planning and management professionals The objective of the Meeting was to provide a forum for engineers, scientists and managers from laboratories, industry, government and academia to interchange knowledge and expertise in the field of dense and hyper-concentrated flows. A full understanding of these phenomena leads to a new integrated risk management approach which provides measures for preventing a hazard turning into a natural disaster.
Download or read book Debris flow Hazards and Related Phenomena written by Matthias Jakob and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-03-01 with total page 826 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With climate change and deforestation, debris flows and debris avalanches have become the most significant landslide hazards in many countries. In recent years there have been numerous debris flow avalanches in Southern Europe, South America and the Indian Subcontinent, resulting in major catastrophes and large loss of life. This is therefore a major high-profile problem for the world's governments and for the engineers and scientists concerned. Matthias Jakob and Oldrich Hungr are ideally suited to edit this book. Matthias Jakob has worked on debris flow for over a decade and has had numerous papers published on the topic, as well as working as a consultant on debris flow for municipal and provincial governments. Oldrich Hungr has worked on site investigations on debris flow, avalanches and rockfall, with emphasis on slope stability analysis and evaluation of risks to roads in built-up areas. He has also developed mathematical models for landslide dynamic analysis. They have invited world-renowned experts to joint them in this book.
Download or read book Recent Periglacial Debris Flows from Mount Rainier Washington written by Elizabeth Anne Copeland and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Debris flow initiation is controlled by a complex interaction of geology, geomorphology, climate, and weather. In the Cascade Range of Pacific Northwest and mountainous areas globally, patterns of temperature and precipitation are being altered by climate change, which may in turn impact debris flow initiation. Temperature has increased and patterns of precipitation have changed, potentially impacting the timing, geography, and triggering mechanisms of debris flows. Glacier retreat since the end of the Little Ice Age has exposed volumes of unstable sediment on steep slopes prone to debris flow initiation. Earlier spring snowmelt extends the snow-free window when rainstorms may mobilize sediment, resulting in debris flows. To ascertain the presence of a climate change signal we examined the timing, geography, and initiation mechanisms of recent (2001 to 2006) non-volcanic debris flows from Mount Rainier, Washington, the highest volcano in the Cascade Range with the largest ice-volume in the conterminous United States. Debris flows damage infrastructure, requiring costly repairs. Debris flows also deposit volumes of sediment in streams, potentially exacerbating future flood hazards. To characterize recent debris flows, field reconnaissance was conducted summer 2008 along suspected debris flow paths from initiation to deposition. Results from summer fieldwork were used in conjunction with analysis of aerial photography, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), and other data to determine characteristics of debris flow initiation sites, such as elevation, slope, orientation, upslope contributing area, and proximity to glaciers. Recent debris flow initiation sites were also examined in reference to glacier characteristics, such as elevation of glacier termini, glacier retreat, orientation, area, and volume, for the years 1913, 1971, and 1994 from past work by Nylen (2004). Characterization of debris flow initiation sites and definition of the locations of longitudinal transitions in debris flow behavior allows estimation of future debris flow hazards also allows inferences to be drawn regarding initiation mechanisms to be inferred and suggests a trajectory for changing debris flow hazards due to climate change. Debris flows at Mt. Rainier occur in late summer through fall and recent events were no exception, occurring from August through November. A total of twelve debris flows occurred in six stream channels during the period of 2001 to 2006. Three channels not previously known to have experienced debris flows, two south-facing and one north-facing, were impacted. Debris flows tracks led up to glacier meltwater fed, steep-walled channels or gullies in unvegetated, unconsolidated Quaternary-age material immediately downslope of glacier margins. Debris flows initiated at an average elevation of 2181 m and an average channel gradient of 39°. While glaciers appear to play a key role in debris flow initiation, simple glacier metrics could not be used to distinguish glaciers near debris flow heads from those without proximal debris flows heads. All but one of the twelve debris flows initiated during rainfall. The single debris flow that occurred during dry-weather is described by Vallance et al. (2002). Rainfall induced debris flows in 2003, 2005, and 2006 were not associated with landslide scarps, rockfalls, or other indications of large slope failures. Rather, debris flows initiated in steep-walled gullies fed by glacier meltwater that were visible on aerial photography prior to the first known debris flow initiation in a particular channel. The steep flanks of Mt. Rainier contain many similar gullies that have not previously been associated with debris flows, but debris flow producing gullies are at higher elevations than gullies not associated with debris flows. The small population of recent debris flows and incomplete historic record of debris flows for the periods 1926 to 1985 and 1993 to 2001 limits analysis of changes in debris flow timing, geography, or triggering mechanism. The magnitude of recent events may have initially appeared greater than historic events as the 2005 and 2006 storms are the only ones known to have produced multiple debris flows in the recorded history of Mt. Rainier National Park. Yet much of the damage initially attributed to debris flows was due to widespread, severe flooding. Ongoing, detailed record keeping and possibly reconstruction of past events through paired geomorphic reconnaissance and dendrochronology is needed before conclusions regarding the impacts of climate change on debris flow initiation can be reached.
Download or read book Debris Flows avalanches written by John E. Costa and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 1987 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Debris flows and debris avalanches are among the most dangerous and destructive natural hazards that affect humans. They claim hundreds of lives and millions of dollars in property loss every year. These 17 papers pull together recent research into new methods for mitigating the loss of life and property.
Download or read book River Dynamics and Integrated River Management written by Zhao-Yin Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-09-24 with total page 855 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "River Dynamics and Integrated River Management” provides comprehensive information on rivers for integrated management, including natural processes, stresses resulting from human activities, and restoration of various parts of the river basin, including the watershed, mountain streams, alluvial rivers, estuaries, and natural and man-made lakes. Essential concepts, traditional and modern, such as river patterns, step-pool systems, vegetation-erosion charts, habitat diversity, and flushing times of bays, are clearly defined physically and explained with figures and pictures. Detailed mathematics and rigorous analyses are avoided so as to facilitate a holistic view of the subject of integrated river management. Researchers can easily familiarize themselves with the science of river management in its widest sense with the impressive pictures and examples in this book. Dr. Zhaoyin Wang is a professor at the Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, China. Dr. Joseph H.W. Lee is a Chair Professor at the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, China. Dr. Charles S. Melching is a Professor at the College of Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Download or read book Debris Flow Hazards Mitigation written by Cheng-lung Chen and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2003-09-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers cover a wide range of topics on debris flows, including the analysis of debris-flow occurrence, initiation, mechanics, rheology, deposition, field and laboratory observations and measurements, methods for hazards prediction and assessment as well as countermeasures thereof. The papers reflect the latest developments and advances in debris-flow research. Several studies discuss the development and application of simulation models for the initiation, propagation, and stopping processes of debris flows. Timely topics presented in the papers also include the development of new or innovative techniques for debris-flow monitoring, hazard alert systems, and the assessment of watersheds with respect to debris-flow occurrence and hazard control. Many case studies illustrate a wide variety of debris-flow phenomena and their hazardous effects on human activities and settlement. In addition to peer-reviewed papers, the proceedings also include three invited lectures. A keynote lecture gives an overview on the application of a comprehensive scientific approach to the understanding of debris flows. Two special lectures discuss approaches to hazard mapping and risk management, which have been recently developed in Switzerland.
Download or read book Debris flow Hazards Mitigation written by Cheng-lung Chen and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings contain papers presented at the Fourth International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment held in Chengdu, China, September 10-13, 2007. The papers cover a wide range of topics on debris-flow science and engineering, in-cluding the factors triggering debris flows, geomorphic effects, mechanics of debris flows (e.g., rheology, fluvial mechanisms, erosion and deposition processes), numerical modelling, various de-bris-flow experiments, landslide-induced debris flows, assessment of debris-flow hazards and risk, field observations and measurements, monitoring and alert systems, structural and non-structural countermeasures against debris-flow hazards, and case studies. The papers reflect the latest devel-opments and advances in debris-flow research. Several studies discuss the development and appli-cation of Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies in debris-flow hazard/risk assessment. Timely topics presented in a few papers also include the development of new or innovative techniques for debris-flow monitoring and alert systems, especially an infra-sound acoustic sensor for detecting debris flows. Many case studies illustrate a wide variety of de-bris-flow hazards and related phenomena as well as their hazardous effects on human activities and settlements. The papers are printed in black and white, and are also found in full on the accompanying CD-ROM, including all full-colour illustrations.
Download or read book Dendrogeomorphic Evidence and Dating of Recent Debris Flows on Mount Shasta Northern California written by C. R. Hupp and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Debris flow Science and Practice written by Matthias Jakob and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zusammenfassung: This book provides a summary of the state of the art of all facets of debris-flow science and practice and is designed to be a comprehensive technical reference for practitioners and a state-of-the-art research overview for scientists. It is richly illustrated with equations, graphs, photos, and tables. The book allows students, practitioners, and regulators to get a sense of the current state of the art in this science. Currently, there are 2 to 3 papers published every week on some aspects of debris-flow science. This creates a bewildering amount of literature that cannot be captured by a single individual. This book provides a comprehensive overview of all facets to date, including initial hazard assessments, detailed quantitative risk assessments, debris-flow warning systems, debris-flow mitigation structure designs, and failures of mitigation works, as well as new topics such as climate change effects on debris flows
Download or read book Monitoring Simulation Prevention and Remediation of Dense and Debris Flows IV written by C. A. Brebbia and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book contains papers presented at the fourth in a series of biennial International Conferences dealing with the Monitoring, Simulation, Prevention and Remediation of Dense and Debris Flow. The papers deal with erosion and slope instability, sediment transport, debris flow and debris flood data acquisition, debris flow phenomenology and laboratory tests, using the most advanced, state-of-the-art methodologies in monitoring, modelling, mechanics, hazard prediction and risk assessment of debris flow phenomena.
Download or read book Debris Flow written by Tamotsu Takahashi and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2007-05-03 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive account, treating both theoretical and applied aspects of debris flow. The text begins with a discussion of fundamental mechanical aspects, such as flow characteristics, type classification, mechanics, occurrence and development, fully-developed flow and deposition processes. The second part of the book sheds light on the application of theory in relation to computer-simulated reproductions of real disasters. Attention is paid to debris flow controlling structures, design effectiveness and performance, soft countermeasure problems, such as identification of debris flow prone ravines and the prediction of occurrence by the concept of precipitation threshold. The qualitative and fundamental character of this book makes it an excellent textbook for graduate courses in debris flow and it is recommended reading for professionals in engineering, geosciences and water resources who are concerned with mechanics and countermeasures of debris flow. Keywords: stony debris flow, viscous debris flo, landslide induced debris flow, hazard zone mapping, grid type sabo dam.
Download or read book ASSESSMENT OF DEBRIS FLOW HAZARDS NORTH MOUNTAIN PHOENIX AZ written by Kathryn Reavis and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Population increases in many western cities have led to urban sprawl, which has been a constant issue in metropolitan Phoenix, AZ. The Metropolitan Phoenix Area (MPA) has sprawled exponentially since its initial development and in doing so has expanded into surrounding mountainous areas and onto alluvial fans. Alluvial fans, particularly in the western US, provide cooler, more scenic environments for people to live. Alluvial fans are conic-shaped features occurring in piedmont areas prone to floods and debris-flows. Debris-flows often supply large quantities of material to alluvial fans and are critical to the long-term development of alluvial fans. A key to understanding alluvial fan evolution is quantifying debris-flow dynamics above and below the fan apex. The addition of humans and built structures into these environments increases the risk of exposure to debris-flows, and therefore the vulnerability of people and their housing structures. This scenario magnifies the importance of understanding debris-flow hazards from a holistic multidisciplinary perspective. The scientific understanding of the evolution of alluvial fan systems needs to be instilled to protect society via engineered solutions and planning decisions. These management schemes must be grounded in a quantitative understanding of debris-flow behavior. A 2D debris-flow modeling approach, aided by high-resolution air-borne laser scanning (ALS) and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) topographic data, is implemented to examine debris-flow behavior in a densely populated portion of the MPA and to assess the vulnerability of the built infrastructure to debris-flow damage. A calibrated 2D debris-flow model is developed for a recent debris-flow at an undeveloped site and applied to a developed site - Shaw Butte at North Mountain, a populated area with historical evidence of debris-flow activity. Several values were maintained from the calibrated model and these include: antecedent moisture conditions; an estimated volume; and sediment concentration by volume (Cv). Four separate scenarios were applied to the developed site with variations in precipitation events, including the historical rainstorm that initiated the debris-flow at Elephant Mountain, two higher magnitude seasonally average rainstorms, and one maximum event that made use of the largest recorded rainstorm for the area. Overall the results show that the highest debris-flow depths and velocities, and therefore the highest debris-flow intensities occur at the fan apex and within the existing debris-flow channel, directly below the fan apex. The complexity of the alluvial fan topography plays a major role in the flow direction. For instance, in all four scenarios, the flow did not exit into the developed neighborhood perpendicular to the fan apex (a northerly direction at the site), rather the topography steered flows in a northwesterly direction. Homes on the western side of the neighborhood are the most vulnerable to debris-flow inundation. The addition of impervious surfaces such as roadways on the alluvial fan also has an influence on debris-flow behavior as these areas provide an ideal surface for maintaining high velocities and therefore have an impact by amplifying the runout distances and the areal extent of inundation. The building vulnerability index results show that, depending on the magnitude of a potential debris-flow, a range of 22 to 44 homes are potentially in danger of damage. These results have scientific and applied merit. The 2D debris-flow modeling provides new insight into how drainage basin and alluvial fan topography influence debris-flow inundation, velocity, and runout. The 2D modeling coupled with the building vulnerability index provides a broader understanding of societal implications. These results are important in that they can provide communities and hazard management agencies with decision-making data and mitigation information based upon the degree of risk and therefore vulnerability associated with different debris-flow magnitudes.
