Download or read book Rates of Photon Induced Metal Ion Assisted Unimolecular Decomposition of Gaseous Organometallic Complexes Using a Custom Built Molecular Beam Apparatus written by Scott Jason Dee and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation will focus on the development of a novel technique to study the kinetics and dynamics of transition metal ion assisted [sigma]-bond activation of gaseous organic molecules. The measurements reported represent the first direct experimental determination of reaction kinetics of type: M+ + CnHmCO [right arrow] M+CO + CnHm where M+ represented a transition metal ion and the organic molecule is often a ketone or aldehyde. The dissociation process is activated by the metal ion and such reactions occur with internal energies significantly less than that required to break C-C or C-H single bonds in isolated organic molecules. Determination of the ion/molecule (and the corresponding isotopic variants) reaction rate constants, over ranges of internal energies, yield information about the dynamics of the reaction mechanism. Rate constants are extracted from the photon-induced decomposition of Ni+(Acetone), Ni+(d6-Acetone), and Ni+(Acetaldehyde) into Ni+CO. A custom-built molecular beam apparatus is constructed to study rates of photon-induced unimolecular decomposition of jet-cooled ionic molecular complexes. The complexes are generated in a pulsed system in which a seeded carrier gas entrains liberated metal ions in a supersonic expansion. The metal ions are created through laser ablation of a metal rod at the throat of a supersonic expansion using photons from a KrF GAM Ex5 Excimer laser. The jet-cooled molecular beam is collimated to extract the coldest portion of the molecular beam. The ions in the molecular beam are then orthogonally accelerated down a TOF-MS. Photons intersect the molecular beam prior to orthogonal extraction, resulting in fragmentation of the ionic complexes. A hemispherical kinetic energy analyzer is used to separate these fragmented complexes from their respective precursor complex. Rates of decomposition are extracted from these studies. Direct measurement of the reaction kinetics over a range of energies yields information about the rate-limiting step in the dissociative mechanism. Optimization of the parameters involved in the construction of the molecular beam apparatus will also be discussed.
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry written by Jürgen H Gross and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-05 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass Spectrometry is an ideal textbook for students and professionals as well as newcomers to the field. Starting from the very first principles of gas-phase ion chemistry and isotopic properties, the textbook takes the reader through the design of mass analyzers and ionization methods all the way to mass spectral interpretation and coupling techniques. Step-by-step, the reader learns how mass spectrometry works and what it can do. The book comprises a balanced mixture of practice-oriented information and theoretical background. It features a clear layout and a wealth of high-quality figures. Exercises and solutions are located on the Springer Global Web.
Download or read book Physical Interactions and Energy Exchange at the Gas solid Interface written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fundamentals of Ionic Liquids written by Douglas R. MacFarlane and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-12-04 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by experts who have been part of this field since its beginnings in both research and academia, this textbook introduces readers to this evolving topic and the broad range of applications that are being explored. The book begins by examining what it is that defines ionic liquids and what sets them apart from other materials. Chapters describe the various types of ionic liquids and the different techniques used to synthesize them, as well as their properties and some of the methods used in their measurement. Further chapters delve into synthetic and electrochemical applications and their broad use as "Green" solvents. Final chapters examine important applications in a wide variety of contexts, including such devices as solar cells and batteries, electrochemistry, and biotechnology. The result is a must-have resource for any researcher beginning to work in this growing field, including senior undergraduates and postgraduates.
Download or read book Fundamental Electron Interactions with Plasma Processing Gases written by Loucas G. Christophorou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 791 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with the basic knowledge and understanding of fundamental interactions of low energy electrons with molecules. It pro vides an up-to-date and comprehensive account of the fundamental in teractions of low-energy electrons with molecules of current interest in modern technology, especially the semiconductor industry. The primary electron-molecule interaction processes of elastic and in elastic electron scattering, electron-impact ionization, electron-impact dissociation, and electron attachment are discussed, and state-of-the art authoritative data on the cross sections of these processes as well as on rate and transport coefficients are provided. This fundamental knowledge has been obtained by us over the last eight years through a critical review and comprehensive assessment of "all" available data on low-energy electron collisions with plasma processing gases which we conducted at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Data from this work were originally published in the Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, and have been updated and expanded here. The fundamental electron-molecule interaction processes are discussed in Chapter 1. The cross sections and rate coefficients most often used to describe these interactions are defined in Chapter 2, where some recent advances in the methods employed for their measurement or calculation are outlined. The methodology we adopted for the critical evaluation, synthesis, and assessment of the existing data is described in Chapter 3. The critically assessed data and recommended or suggested cross sections and rate and transport coefficients for ten plasma etching gases are presented and discussed in Chapters 4, 5, and 6.
Download or read book Chemical Physics of Thin Film Deposition Processes for Micro and Nano Technologies written by Y. Pauleau and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An up-to-date collection of tutorial papers on the latest advances in the deposition and growth of thin films for micro and nano technologies. The emphasis is on fundamental aspects, principles and applications of deposition techniques used for the fabrication of micro and nano devices. The deposition of thin films is described, emphasising the gas phase and surface chemistry and its effects on the growth rates and properties of films. Gas-phase phenomena, surface chemistry, growth mechanisms and the modelling of deposition processes are thoroughly described and discussed to provide a clear understanding of the growth of thin films and microstructures via thermally activated, laser induced, photon assisted, ion beam assisted, and plasma enhanced vapour deposition processes. A handbook for engineers and scientists and an introduction for students of microelectronics.
Download or read book Polymer Synthesis Theory and Practice written by Dietrich Braun and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-10-14 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first English edition of this book was pubUshed in 1971 with the late Prof. Dr. Werner Kern as coauthor. In 1997, for the preparation of the third edition, Prof. Dr. Helmut Ritter joined the team of authors and in 2001 Prof. Dr. Brigitte Voit and Prof. Dr. Matthias Rehahn complemented this team. The change in authors has not altered the basic concept of this 4th edition: again we were not aimed at compiling a comprehensive collection of recipes. In stead, we attempted to reach a broader description of the general methods and techniques for the synthesis, modification, and characterization of macromo- cules, supplemented by 105 selected and detailed experiments and by sufficient theoretical treatment so that no additional textbook be needed in order to under stand the experiments. In addition to the preparative aspects we have also tried to give the reader an impression of the relation of chemical structure and mor phology of polymers to their properties, as well as of areas of their application.
Download or read book Introduction to Mass Spectrometry written by J. Throck Watson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-07-09 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely revised and updated, this text provides an easy-to-read guide to the concept of mass spectrometry and demonstrates its potential and limitations. Written by internationally recognised experts and utilising "real life" examples of analyses and applications, the book presents real cases of qualitative and quantitative applications of mass spectrometry. Unlike other mass spectrometry texts, this comprehensive reference provides systematic descriptions of the various types of mass analysers and ionisation, along with corresponding strategies for interpretation of data. The book concludes with a comprehensive 3000 references. This multi-disciplined text covers the fundamentals as well as recent advance in this topic, providing need-to-know information for researchers in many disciplines including pharmaceutical, environmental and biomedical analysis who are utilizing mass spectrometry
Download or read book Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry written by Raymond E. March and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 2005-09-12 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A definitive reference, completely updated Published in 1989, the First Edition of this book, originally entitled Quadrupole Storage Mass Spectrometry, quickly became the definitive reference in analytical laboratories worldwide. Revised to reflect scientific and technological advances and new applications in the field, the Second Edition includes new chapters covering: * New ion trap instruments of high sensitivity * Peptide analysis by liquid chromatography/ion trap tandem mass spectrometry * Analytical aspects of ion trap mass spectrometry combined with gas chromatography * Simulation of ion trajectories in the ion trap One additional chapter discusses the Rosetta mission, a "comet chaser" that was sent on a ten-year journey in 2004 to study the comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko using, among other instruments, a GC/MS system incorporating a specially designed ion trap mass spectrometer. This comprehensive reference also includes discussions of the history of the quadrupole ion trap, the theory of quadrupole mass spectrometry, the dynamics of ion-trapping chemistry in the quadrupole ion trap, the cylindrical ion trap, miniature traps, and linear ion traps. Complete with conclusions and references, this primer effectively encapsulates the body of knowledge on quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry. With its concise descriptions of the theory of ion motion and the principles of operation, Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry, Second Edition is ideal for new users of quadrupole devices, as well as for scientists, researchers, and graduate and post-doctoral students working in analytical laboratories.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Contemporary Mass Spectrometry written by Chhabil Dass and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-05-11 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern mass spectrometry - the instrumentation and applications in diverse fields Mass spectrometry has played a pivotal role in a variety of scientific disciplines. Today it is an integral part of proteomics and drug discovery process. Fundamentals of Contemporary Mass Spectrometry gives readers a concise and authoritative overview of modern mass spectrometry instrumentation, techniques, and applications, including the latest developments. After an introduction to the history of mass spectrometry and the basic underlying concepts, it covers: Instrumentation, including modes of ionization, condensed phase ionization techniques, mass analysis and ion detection, tandem mass spectrometry, and hyphenated separation techniques Organic and inorganic mass spectrometry Biological mass spectrometry, including the analysis of proteins and peptides, oligosaccharides, lipids, oligonucleotides, and other biological materials Applications to quantitative analysis Based on proven teaching principles, each chapter is complete with a concise overview, highlighted key points, practice exercises, and references to additional resources. Hints and solutions to the exercises are provided in an appendix. To facilitate learning and improve problem-solving skills, several worked-out examples are included. This is a great textbook for graduate students in chemistry, and a robust, practical resource for researchers and scientists, professors, laboratory managers, technicians, and others. It gives scientists in diverse disciplines a practical foundation in modern mass spectrometry.
Download or read book Handbook of Industrial Water Soluble Polymers written by Peter A. Williams and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural and synthetic water soluble polymers are used in a wide range of familiar industrial and consumer products, including coatings and inks, papers, adhesives, cosmetics and personal care products. They perform a variety of functions without which these products would be significantly more expensive, less effective or both. Written for research, development and formulation chemists, technologists and engineers at graduate level and beyond in the fine and specialty chemicals, polymers, food and pharmaceutical industries, the Handbook of Industrial Water Soluble Polymers deals specifically with the functional properties of both natural and synthetic water soluble polymers. By taking a function based approach, rather than a “polymer specific” approach the book illustrates how polymer structure leads to effect, and shows how different polymer types can be employed to achieve appropriate product properties.
Download or read book Principles and Methods for Accelerated Catalyst Design and Testing written by E.G. Derouane and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High throughput experimentation has met great success in drug design but it has, so far, been scarcely used in the field ofcatalysis. We present in this book the outcome of a NATO ASI meeting that was held in Vilamoura, Portugal, between July 15 and 28, 2001, with the objective of delineating and consolidating the principles and methods underpinning accelerated catalyst design, evaluation, and development. There is a need to make the underlying principles of this new methodology more widely understood and to make it available in a coherent and integrated format. The latter objective is particularly important to the young scientists who will constitute the new catalysis researchers generation. Indeed, this field which is at the frontier offundamental science and may be a renaissance for catalysis, is one which is much more complex than classical catalysis itself. It implies a close collaboration between scientists from many disciplines (chemistry, physics, chemical and mechanical engineering, automation, robotics, and scientific computing in general). In addition, this emerging area of science is also of paramount industrial importance, as progress in this area would collapse the time necessary to discover new catalysts or improve existing ones.
Download or read book Applications of EPR in Radiation Research written by Anders Lund and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-20 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applications of EPR in Radiation Research is a multi-author contributed volume presented in eight themes: I. Elementary radiation processes (in situ and low temperature radiolysis, quantum solids); II: Solid state radiation chemistry (crystalline, amorphous and heterogeneous systems); III: Biochemistry, biophysics and biology applications (radicals in biomaterials, spin trapping, free-radical-induced DNA damage); IV: Materials science (polymeric and electronic materials, materials for treatment of nuclear waste, irradiated food); V: Radiation metrology (EPR-dosimetry, retrospective and medical applications); VI: Geological dating; VII: Advanced techniques (PELDOR, ESE and ENDOR spectroscopy, matrix isolation); VIII: Theoretical tools (density-functional calculations, spectrum simulations).
Download or read book Biodegradable Poly Lactic Acid written by Jie Ren and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-05 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Biodegradable Poly (Lactic Acid): Synthesis, Modification, Processing and Applications" describes the preparation, modification, processing, and the research and applications of biodegradable poly (lactic acid), which belong to the biomedical and environment-friendly materials. Highly illustrated, the book introduces systematically the synthesis, physical and chemical modifications, and the latest developments of research and applications of poly (lactic acid) in biomedical materials. The book is intended for researchers and graduate students in the fields of materials science and engineering, polymer science and engineering, biomedicine, chemistry, environmental sciences, textile science and engineering, package materials, and so on. Dr. Jie Ren is a professor at the Institute of Nano and Bio-Polymeric Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Download or read book Surface Photochemistry written by Masakazu Anpo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-10-21 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first volume in the series brings together the latest developments in solid surface photochemistry, providing insights into the most up to date research activities on light-initiated chemical reactions. The book offers a comprehensive study of the photochemical and photophysical properties of molecules on various surfaces like zeolites, metals and metal oxides. Chapter 1 discusses the nature of the photochemical and photophysical reactions occurring on solid surfaces. Subsequent chapters deal with a description of the dynamical aspects of surface photohemistry, a study of the specific nature of photochemistry of molecules included within zeolite cavities and a comprehensive study of the reactivities of photo-generated electron-hole pair states involved in photo-induced and photocatalytic reactions. The book also investigates many possible and actual key applications of solid surface photochemistry, such as molecular photo-devices, photo-chemical vapour deposition of thin layered semiconductors, sensitive optical media and control of photochemical reaction paths as well as efficient photocatalytic reaction processes which will be indispensable for ecologically clean and safe chemical systems. Surface Photochemistry will be of interest to researchers in surface science and also to graduate students interested in catalysis or photo-chemistry. It will be valuable as a reference book for academics in many aspects of materials science.
Download or read book Handbook of Modern Pharmaceutical Analysis written by Satinder Ahuja and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-11-11 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Modern Pharmaceutical Analysis, Second Edition, synthesizes the complex research and recent changes in the field, while covering the techniques and technology required for today's laboratories. The work integrates strategy, case studies, methodologies, and implications of new regulatory structures, providing complete coverage of quality assurance from the point of discovery to the point of use. Treats pharmaceutical analysis (PA) as an integral partner to the drug development process rather than as a service to it Covers method development, validation, selection, testing, modeling, and simulation studies combined with advanced exploration of assays, impurity testing, biomolecules, and chiral separations Features detailed coverage of QA, ethics, and regulatory guidance (quality by design, good manufacturing practice), as well as high-tech methodologies and technologies from "lab-on-a-chip" to LC-MS, LC-NMR, and LC-NMR-MS
Download or read book Luminescence Spectroscopy written by Michael D. Lumb and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
