Download or read book Radiationless Processes written by Dennis J. Diestler and published by Springer. This book was released on 1976-11 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions by numerous experts

Download or read book Radiationless Processes written by Baldassare Di Bartolo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an account of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Radiationless Processes," held in Erice, Italy, from November 18 to December 1, 1979. This meeting was organized by the International School of Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture. The objective of the Institute was to formulate a comprehensive treatment of the various processes by which molecules and crystals in excited electronic levels relax nonradiatively to the ground level. A total of 83 participants came from 62 laboratories and 22 nations (Australia, Belgium, Brasil, Canada, Czechoslovakia, France, F. R. Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Mexico, The Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, and U.S.S.R.). The secretaries of the Institute were: Velda Goldberg for the scientific aspects and Antonino La Francesca for the administrative aspects of the meeting. Eleven series of lectures for a total of 36 hours were given. Nine "long" seminars and 7 "short" seminars were also presented. In addition, two informal seminars and 2 round-table discussions were held. After an introductory overview of the theory of radiation1ess processes, the Institute dealt firstly with the interaction of electrons with the distribution of vibrational modes in simple molecules, then with the increasingly complex situation found in large lsolated molecules, gnd finally with the coupling of excited electrons with the continuous phonon distribution in insulating solids.

Download or read book Energy Transfer Processes in Condensed Matter written by Baldassare Dibartolo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an account of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Energy Transfer Processes in Condensed Matter", held in Erice, Italy, from June 16 to June 30, 1983. This meeting was organized by the International School of Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture. The objective of the Institute was to present a comprehensive treatment of the basic mechanisms by which electronic excitation energy, initially localized in a particular constituent or region of a condensed material, transfers itself to the other parts of the system. Energy transfer processes are important to such varied .fields as spectroscopy, lasers, phosphor technology, artificial solar energy conversion, and photobiology. This meeting was the first encounter of this sort entirely dedicated to this important topic. A total of 65 participants came from 47 laboratories and 16 nations (Belgium, Czechoslovakia, F.R. of Germany, France, Greece, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, The Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, and the United States of A America). The secretaries of the course were: Ms. Aliki Karipidou for the scientific aspects and Mr. Massimo Minella for the admini strative aspects of the meeting.

Download or read book Spectroscopic Properties of Rare Earths in Optical Materials written by Guokui Liu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-06-29 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed at researchers and graduate students, this book provides up-to-date information for understanding electronic interactions that impact the optical properties of rare earth ions in solids. Its goal is to establish a connection between fundamental principles and the materials properties of rare-earth activated luminescent and laser optical materials. The theoretical survey and introduction to spectroscopic properties include electronic energy level structure, intensities of optical transitions, ion-phonon interactions, line broadening, and energy transfer and up-conversion. An important aspect of the book lies in its deep and detailed discussions on materials properties and the potential of new applications such as optical storage, information processing, nanophotonics, and molecular probes that have been identified in recent experimental studies. This volume will be a valuable reference book on advanced topics of rare earth spectroscopy and materials science.

Download or read book Transitions in Molecular Systems written by Hans J. Kupka and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filling the gap for a book covering vibronic, nonadiabatic and diabatic couplings as well as radiationless processes in context, this monograph compiles classic and cutting-edge work from numerous researchers into one handy source. Alongside a description of radiationless processes in statistical large molecules and calculational methods for intramolecular distributions, the authors also investigate the nuclear coordinate dependence of matrix elements. Whole chapters are devoted to the mathematical description of the lifetime and decay of a prepared states as well as miscellaneous applications. The text is supplemented by a number of appendices for optimum usability. With its integration of the necessary mathematical rigor, this is primarily intended for graduate students in theoretical physics and chemistry, but is also indispensable reading for those working in molecular physics, physical chemistry and laser physics.

Download or read book Semiconductor Devices for Optical Communication written by H. Kressel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-21 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions by numerous experts

Download or read book Photonic Glasses written by Fuxi Gan and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2006 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the fundamental mechanism of photonic glasses OCo the linear and nonlinear optical effects in glass under intense light irradiation: phot-induced absorption, refraction, polarization, frequency, coherence and monochromaticity changes. Emphasis is placed on new developments in the structure, spectroscopy and physics of new glassy materials for photonics applications, such as optical communication, optical data storage, new lasers and new photonic components and devices. The book presents the research results of the authors in new glasses for photonics over the last decade. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: From Optical Glass to Photonic Glass (1,358 KB). Contents: From Optical Glass to Photonic Glass; Structure and Properties of Amorphous Thin Films for Optical Data Storage; New Development in Optics and Spectroscopy of Rare Earth Ions Doped Glasses; Third-Order Optical Nonlinear Properties of Glasses; Second Order Optical Nonlinear Properties of Glasses; Glass Fibers for Optical Amplification; Glass Fibers for High Power Lasers; Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Solid-State Dye Laser Glasses; Optical Glass Waveguides; Glass Photosensitivity and Fiber Gratings; Glass Fibers for Photonic Crystals; Functional Microstructures in Glass Induced by a Femtosecond Laser. Readership: Graduate students and researchers in optical materials."

Download or read book Spectroscopy of Crystals Containing Rare Earth Ions written by A.A. Kaplyanskii and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 767 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ``Spectroscopy of Crystals Containing Rare Earth Ions'' contains chapters on some key problems selected from a broad range of spectroscopic studies of RE-activated solids including both crystalline and glassy materials. Progress in crystal field theory is surveyed, an area which is basic to our understanding of the energy levels. The treatment of dynamical properties includes studies of coherence phenomena in isolated ions, energy transfer between ions and co-operative phenomena associated with ion-ion and ion-lattice interactions. In addition, the role of electron spins and nuclear spins is studied by light scattering and double resonance techniques. The presence of inhomogeneous broadening of spectral lines is observed and studied in many contexts, leading to new insights into general problems of the disordered state. Considerable attention is devoted to describing new experimental techniques whose development is of prime importance for progress in the spectroscopy of RE-activated solids. Many of these rely on the development and application of tunable lasers. At the moment this is a very active field of spectroscopy with more exciting developments likely to occur in the future.

Download or read book Optical Refrigeration written by Richard I. Epstein and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-13 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by the two top experts in the field with a panel of International contributors, this is a comprehensive up-to-date review of research and applications. Starting with the basic physical principles of laser cooling of solids, the monograph goes on to discuss the current theoretical issues being resolved and the increasing demands of growth and evaluation of high purity materials suitable for optical refrigeration, while also examining the design and applications of practical cryocoolers. An advanced text for scientists, researchers, engineers, and students (masters, PHDs and Postdoc) in laser and optical material science, and cryogenics.

Download or read book Laser Spectroscopy of Solids II written by William M. Yen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-21 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser-based optical spectroscopies are powerful and versatile techniques that are continuing to evolve and find new applications. This book presents reviews of recent progress in our understanding of the spectra and dynamical processes of optically excited states of condensed matter, focusing on the advances made possible by the application of laser-based optical spectroscopies. Reviews are given of the optical properties of crystalline and amorphous semiconducting materials and structures, the properties of defect centers in insulators, two-photon nonlinear processes in insulators, optical energy diffusion in inorganic materials, and relaxation in organic materials. The individual chapters emphasize the methodology common to the various investigations. The volume is designed to be suitable as an introduction to applied laser spectroscopy of solids, as well as providing an update on the status of the field.

Download or read book Laser Cooling written by Galina Nemova and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the recent decades, laser cooling or optical refrigeration—a physical process by which a system loses its thermal energy as a result of interaction with laser light—has garnered a great deal of scientific interest due to the importance of its applications. Optical solid-state coolers are one such application. They are free from liquids as well as moving parts that generate vibrations and introduce noise to sensors and other devices. They are based on reliable laser diode pump systems. Laser cooling can also be used to mitigate heat generation in high-power lasers. This book compiles and details cutting-edge research in laser cooling done by various scientific teams all over the world that are currently revolutionizing optical refrigerating technology. It includes recent results on laser cooling by redistribution of radiation in dense gas mixtures, three conceptually different approaches to laser cooling of solids such as cooling with anti-Stokes fluorescence, Brillouin cooling, and Raman cooling. It also discusses crystal growth and glass production for laser cooling applications. This book will appeal to anyone involved in laser physics, solid-state physics, low-temperature physics or cryogenics, materials research, development of temperature sensors, or infrared detectors.

Download or read book Luminescence of Inorganic Solids written by B. Bartolo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings report the lectures and seminars of a course entitled "Luminescence of Inorganic Solids," held at Erice, Italy, June 15-30, 1977. This course \'7aS an activity of the International School of Atomic and No1ecu1ar Spectroscopy of the "Ettore Hajorana" Centre for Scientific Culture. The course opened with an overvievl of the present status of luminescence research and with an assessment of its future trends. The following lectures introduced the basic formalism behind the interaction of matter with the radiation field and the lattice phonons. The luminescence properties of various classes of in organic materials were treated next, for the specific cases of unfilled-shell activators (transition metal, lanthanide and actinide ions) and filled-s~e11 activators (s2 and d10 ions). Different models suitable for the description of the luminescence properties of semiconductors vlere examined next. The dynamics of energy transfer and relaxation in the excited state of t;1e activators were treated in lectures devoted to the luminescence phenomena of sensitization, concentration quenching and thermal quenching. Finally, the relevance of luminescence studies to the field of phosphor technology and to the laser field Has examined. Each lecturer began the treatment of this topic(s) at a fundamental level and finally reached the current level of research. The sequence of the lectures was determined by the requirements of a didactical presentation. The emphasis of the course was primarily on basic principles. The formal lectures Here complemented by seminars and discussions.

Download or read book Upconversion Nanophosphors written by Sabu Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-04 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Upconversion Nanophosphors provides detailed information about various lanthanide-based upconversion nanoparticles and their application in different fields. It will also help solve fundamental and applied problems of inorganic phosphor materials showing upconversion behavior, as well as generate innovative ideas related to the application of inorganic phosphor materials. This book will prove to be an invaluable reference work for scientists, engineers, industrial experts, and masters and PhD students working in the field of upconversion and materials science. Covers the synthesis and characterization of upconversion nanophosphors and their applications Highlights which classes of upconversion materials are suitable for a specific application Explores processes to engineer upconversion nanoparticles for state-of-the-art technologies, including upconversion labelling and counterfeiting, highly sensitive and selective biosensing, and upconversion-activated drug delivery

Download or read book Semiclassical Theories of Molecular Scattering written by B. C. Eu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of molecular collisions at energies from less than about 100 eV 3 down to a few 10- eV, which is roughly the range of chemical interest, has greatly expanded in the last 10 to 20 years. As in many fields, this activity has been stimulated by parallel advances in theory which have triggered the autocatalytic positive feedback system of experiment challenging theory and vice versa. Possibly the biggest driving force, however, has been the growing awareness that molecular collisions are important in our understanding of na tural and man-made environments. Molecular collision dynamics is now studied in connection with molecular formation in interplanetary space, upper atmo sphere chemistry, plasmas, lasers and fusion reactors, and is crucial for understanding gas-dynamic flow processes, gas-phase chemical reactions and catalysis. Despite the great strides made in studying elementary collisions in laboratory scattering experiments, many of the processes in these areas are too complicated for us to hope ever to study them in detail in the labo ratory. Thus in the long run we shall have to rely on theory. Initially, I think many of us, like myself, had hoped that the development of fast compu ters would outpace the demands on computing time so that "brute force" quan tum-mechanical exact calculations would provide all the answers. Unfortunate ly this has not been the case and efficient approximations are needed. They can be broadly classified as classical, semiclassical or semiquantal.

Download or read book Transition Metal and Rare Earth Compounds written by Hartmut Yersin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-07-01 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There exists a large literature on the spectroscopic properties of copper(II) com- 9 pounds. This is due to the simplicity of the d electron configuration, the wide variety of stereochemistries that copper(II) compounds can adopt, and the f- xional geometric behavior that they sometimes exhibit [1]. The electronic and geometric properties of a molecule are inexorably linked and this is especially true with six-coordinate copper(II) compounds which are subject to a Jahn-T- ler effect.However,the spectral-structural correlations that are sometimes d- wn must often be viewed with caution as the information contained in a typical solution UV-Vis absorption spectrum of a copper(II) compound is limited. Meaningful spectral-structural correlations can be obtained in a related series of compounds where detailed spectroscopic data is available. In the fol- 4– lowing sections two such series are examined; the six-coordinate CuF and 6 2+ Cu(H O) ions doped as impurities in single crystal hosts.Using low tempera- 2 6 ture polarized optical spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance, a very detailed picture can be drawn about the geometry of these ions in both their ground and excited electronic states. We then compare the spectrosco- cally determined structural data with that obtained from X-ray diffraction or EXAFS measurements.

Download or read book Catalog of Copyright Entries Third Series written by Library of Congress. Copyright Office and published by Copyright Office, Library of Congress. This book was released on 1978 with total page 1666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Primary Photo Processes in Biology and Medicine written by R. V. Bensasson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently there have been major developments in the experimental techniques available for the study of the primary events following the absorption of ultra-violet and visible radiation by biological systems. These techniques, which include absorption, emission, resonance Raman, electron spin resonance, nuclear magnetic resonance and photoacoustic spectroscopies, can be used to study the fate of transient species with lifetimes ranging from seconds to nanoseconds and extending in some cases, such as laser flash photolysis, to pico 12 15 (10- S)- and even femtoseconds (10- s). In parallel with these developments there has been a dramatic increase in the use of light in medicine via the direct photochemical alteration of endogenous molecules (phototherapy) or via the photoactivation of drugs in the skin or other tissue (photochemotherapy). Thus neonatal hyperbili rubinaemia can be routinely treated by phototherapy and psoriasis is frequently treated by PUVA photochemotherapy. A promising new photo chemotherapy used the phototoxicity of porphyrin drugs activated by red light to destroy solid malignant tumors. While some of the overall qualitative effects of such treatments are known, only recently have we begun to understand the associated molecular mechanisms. The primary molecular processes involve short-lived species. The pur pose of this Advanced Study Institute was to review some newer experi mental techniques for the study of such species, the application of these techniques to biological and medical systems and to examine the value of such information in phototherapeutic situations.