Download or read book Quadrupole Focusing Lenses for Charged Particles written by Bruce Cork and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quadrupole Focusing Lenses for Charged Particles written by and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A set of four strong focusing magnetic quadrupole lenses has been constructed and operated. Each lens consists of four air cooled electromagnets with pole tips having a hyperbolic cross section. Each lens is 4 in. long and has an aperture 2 in. in diameter. Measurements of the magnetic field demonstrate that the hyperbolic cross section satisfies the requirements of a constant magnetic field gradient very well. The technique of deflecting a current carrying flexible wire has been used to measure the trajectory of charged particles through the system of lenses. It has been observed that the strong focusing requirements are satisfied. The system of lenses was then used to focus 0.5 Mev protons, 20 Mev deuterons, and 40 Mev alpha particles. The parallel beam of 0.5 Mev protons was detected by observing the incandescence of a quartz plate while the protons were bombarding it. The focused beam was less than 1 mm in diameter. The astigmatic 20 Mev deuteron beam from the 60 in. cyclotron was increased in current density by a factor greater than 30.
Download or read book Optics of Charged Particles written by Hermann Wollnik and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optics of Charged Particles describes how charged particles move in the main and fringing fields of magnetic or electrostatic dipoles, quadrupoles, and hexapoles using the same type of formulation and consistent nomenclature throughout. This book not only describes the particle trajectories and beam shapes, but also provides guidelines for designing particle optical instruments. The topics discussed include Gaussian optics and transfer matrices, general relations for the motion of charged particles in electromagnetic fields, and quadrupole lenses. The sector field lenses, charged particle beams and phase space, and particle beams in periodic structures are also elaborated. This text likewise considers the fringing fields, image aberrations, and design of particle spectrometers and beam guide lines. This publication is suitable for undergraduate students in physics and mathematics.
Download or read book Focusing of Charged Particles V2 written by Albert Septier and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing of Charged Particles, Volume II presents the aspects of particle optics, including the electron, the ion optical domains, and the accelerator field. This book provides a detailed analysis of the principles of the laws of propagation of beams. Comprised of three parts encompassing three chapters, this volume starts with an overview of how a beam of charged particles traverses a region that is at a uniform, constant, electrostatic potential. This book then discusses the principle of charge repulsion effect by which the space charge of the beam modifies the potential in the region that it traverses. Other chapters examine the general design techniques and performances obtainable for electron guns applicable for use in initiating a beam for linear beam tubes that is given in a condensed form. The last chapter deals with the two stable charged particles that can be accelerated, namely, protons and electrons. This book is a valuable resource to physicists, accelerator experts, and experimenters in search of interactions in the detector target.
Download or read book Applied Charged Particle Optics written by Helmut Liebl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-12 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a pioneer in the field, this overview of charged particle optics provides a solid introduction to the subject area for all physicists wishing to design their own apparatus or better understand the instruments with which they work. It begins by introducing electrostatic lenses and fields used for acceleration, focusing and deflection of ions or electrons. Subsequent chapters give detailed descriptions of electrostatic deflection elements, uniform and non-uniform magnetic sector fields, image aberrations, and, finally, fringe field confinement.
Download or read book Handbook of Charged Particle Optics written by Jon Orloff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the growing proliferation of nanotechnologies, powerful imaging technologies are being developed to operate at the sub-nanometer scale. The newest edition of a bestseller, the Handbook of Charged Particle Optics, Second Edition provides essential background information for the design and operation of high resolution focused probe instruments. The book’s unique approach covers both the theoretical and practical knowledge of high resolution probe forming instruments. The second edition features new chapters on aberration correction and applications of gas phase field ionization sources. With the inclusion of additional references to past and present work in the field, this second edition offers perfectly calibrated coverage of the field’s cutting-edge technologies with added insight into how they work. Written by the leading research scientists, the second edition of the Handbook of Charged Particle Optics is a complete guide to understanding, designing, and using high resolution probe instrumentation.
Download or read book Optics of Charged Particles written by Hermann Wollnik and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-10-23 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optics of Charged Particles, 2nd edition, describes how charged particles move in the fields of magnetic and electrostatic dipoles, quadrupoles, higher order multipoles, and field-free regions. Since the first edition, published over 30 years ago, new technologies have emerged and have been used for new ion optical instruments like, for instance, time-of-flight mass analyzers, which are described now. Fully updated and revised, this new edition provides ways to design mass separators, spectrographs, and spectrometers, which are the key tools in organic chemistry and for drug developments, in environmental trace analyses and for investigations in nuclear physics like the search for super heavy elements as well as molecules in space science. The book discusses individual particle trajectories as well as particle beams in space and in phase-space, and it provides guidelines for the design of particle optical instruments. For experienced researchers, working in the field, it highlights the latest developments in new ion optical instruments and provides guidelines and examples for the design of new instruments for the transport of beams of charged particles and the mass/charge or energy/charge analyses of ions. Furthermore, it provides background knowledge required to accurately understand and analyze results, when developing ion-optical instruments. By providing a comprehensive overview of the field of charged particle optics, this edition of the book supports all those working, directly or indirectly, with charged-particle research or the development of ion- and electron-analyzing instruments. Provides enhanced, clear descriptions, and derivations making complex aspects of the general motion of charged particles understandable as well as features of charged particle analyzing instruments Assists the reader in applying insights obtained from the principles of charged particle optics to the design of new transporting and mass- or energy-analyzing instruments for ions Discusses new applications and newly occurring issues, which have arisen since the first edition
Download or read book The Electrostatic Accelerator written by Ragnar Hellborg and published by . This book was released on 2019-03-11 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrostatic accelerators have been at the forefront of modern technology since 1932, when Sir John Cockroft and Ernest Walton developed the first accelerator. Although the electrostatic accelerator field is more than 90 years old, the field and the number of accelerators is growing more rapidly than ever. This book provides an overview of the basic science and technology that underlies the electrostatic accelerator field so it can serve as a reference guide and textbook for accelerator engineers as well as students and researchers who work with electrostatic accelerators.
Download or read book Particle Accelerator Physics written by Helmut Wiedemann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Particle Accelerator Physics covers the dynamics of relativistic particle beams, basics of particle guidance and focusing, lattice design, characteristics of beam transport systems and circular accelerators. Particle-beam optics is treated in the linear approximation including sextupoles to correct for chromatic aberrations. Perturbations to linear beam dynamics are analyzed in detail and correction measures are discussed, while basic lattice design features and building blocks leading to the design of more complicated beam transport systems and circular accelerators are studied. Characteristics of synchrotron radiation and quantum effects due to the statistical emission of photons on particle trajectories are derived and applied to determine particle-beam parameters. The discussions specifically concentrate on relativistic particle beams and the physics of beam optics in beam transport systems and circular accelerators such as synchrotrons and storage rings. This book forms a broad basis for further, more detailed studies of nonlinear beam dynamics and associated accelerator physics problems, discussed in the subsequent volume.
Download or read book Theory and Design of Charged Particle Beams written by Martin Reiser and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-09-26 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although particle accelerators are the book's main thrust, it offers a broad synoptic description of beams which applies to a wide range of other devices such as low-energy focusing and transport systems and high-power microwave sources. Develops material from first principles, basic equations and theorems in a systematic way. Assumptions and approximations are clearly indicated. Discusses underlying physics and validity of theoretical relationships, design formulas and scaling laws. Features a significant amount of recent work including image effects and the Boltzmann line charge density profiles in bunched beams.
Download or read book Quantum Mechanics of Charged Particle Beam Optics Understanding Devices from Electron Microscopes to Particle Accelerators written by Ramaswamy Jagannathan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-20 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Classical Charged Particle Beam Optics used in the design and operation of all present-day charged particle beam devices, from low energy electron microscopes to high energy particle accelerators, is entirely based on classical mechanics. A question of curiosity is: How is classical charged particle beam optics so successful in practice though the particles of the beam, like electrons, are quantum mechanical? Quantum Mechanics of Charged Particle Beam Optics answers this question with a comprehensive formulation of ‘Quantum Charged Particle Beam Optics’ applicable to any charged particle beam device.
Download or read book Principles of Charged Particle Acceleration written by Stanley Humphries and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2013-09-11 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative text offers a unified, programmed summary of the principles underlying all charged particle accelerators — it also doubles as a reference collection of equations and material essential to accelerator development and beam applications. The only text that covers linear induction accelerators, the work contains straightforward expositions of basic principles rather than detailed theories of specialized areas. 1986 edition.
Download or read book Focusing of Charged Particles written by Albert Septier and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing of Charged Particles, Volume I deals with the various aspects of problems in corpuscular optics such as the need for new focusing principles to guide the beams of fast particles over long distances and to increase the internal efficiency of particle accelerators. This volume is comprised of articles from specialists who attempt to find solutions to various problems in geometrical corpuscular optics. The topics discussed in the book include the general properties of potentials, fields and trajectories, the methods for resolving Laplace's and Poisson's equations and computing trajectories with or without space charge, and a description of the methods used for the measurement of magnetic fields. The optics of straight axis systems for producing and focusing low-intensity beams: high-brightness electron guns, electrostatic and magnetic electron lenses, and strong focusing lenses for high-energy beams are covered as well. The text ends with the elucidation of the problem of the production of electron microprobes. Physicists, students, researchers, and engineers working with charged particles will find the book invaluable.
Download or read book Charged Particle Beams written by Stanley Humphries, JR. and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2013-04-04 with total page 866 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detailed enough to serve as both text and reference, this volume addresses topics vital to understanding high-power accelerators and high-brightness-charged particle beams, including stochastic cooling, high-brightness injectors, and the free electron laser. 1990 edition.
Download or read book Geometrical Charged Particle Optics written by Harald Rose and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-02-02 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition is an extended version of the first edition of Geometrical Charged-Particle Optics. The updated reference monograph is intended as a guide for researchers and graduate students who are seeking a comprehensive treatment of the design of instruments and beam-guiding systems of charged particles and their propagation in electromagnetic fields. Wave aspects are included in this edition for explaining electron holography, the Aharanov-Bohm effect and the resolution of electron microscopes limited by diffraction. Several methods for calculating the electromagnetic field are presented and procedures are outlined for calculating the properties of systems with arbitrarily curved axis. Detailed methods are presented for designing and optimizing special components such as aberration correctors, spectrometers, energy filters monochromators, ion traps, electron mirrors and cathode lenses. In particular, the optics of rotationally symmetric lenses, quadrupoles, and systems composed of these elements are discussed extensively. Beam properties such as emittance, brightness, transmissivity and the formation of caustics are outlined. Relativistic motion and spin precession of the electron are treated in a covariant way by introducing the Lorentz-invariant universal time and by extending Hamilton’s principle from three to four spatial dimensions where the laboratory time is considered as the fourth pseudo-spatial coordinate. Using this procedure and introducing the self action of the electron, its accompanying electromagnetic field and its radiation field are calculated for arbitrary motion. In addition, the Stern-Gerlach effect is revisited for atomic and free electrons.
Download or read book Neutron and X ray Optics written by Jay Theodore Cremer Jr. and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-02-18 with total page 1124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering a wide range of topics related to neutron and x-ray optics, this book explores the aspects of neutron and x-ray optics and their associated background and applications in a manner accessible to both lower-level students while retaining the detail necessary to advanced students and researchers. It is a self-contained book with detailed mathematical derivations, background, and physical concepts presented in a linear fashion. A wide variety of sources were consulted and condensed to provide detailed derivations and coverage of the topics of neutron and x-ray optics as well as the background material needed to understand the physical and mathematical reasoning directly related or indirectly related to the theory and practice of neutron and x-ray optics. The book is written in a clear and detailed manner, making it easy to follow for a range of readers from undergraduate and graduate science, engineering, and medicine. It will prove beneficial as a standalone reference or as a complement to textbooks. Supplies a historical context of covered topics. Detailed presentation makes information easy to understand for researchers within or outside the field. Incorporates reviews of all relevant literature in one convenient resource.
Download or read book Matching the Phase Volume of a Transported Charged Particle Beam by a Doublet of Quadrupole Lenses written by I. P. Judin and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
