Download or read book PYTHON PROGRAMMING SIMPLIFIED written by VIkas Thada and published by RSYN RESEARCH LLP. This book was released on 2024-08-30 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Python Programming Simplified: An Absolute Beginner’s Guide by Dr. Vikas Thada, Professor & Head (CSE), Amity University Madhya Pradesh Welcome to "Python Programming Simplified: An Absolute Beginner’s Guide," a meticulously crafted resource designed for those embarking on their Python programming journey. Authored by Dr. Vikas Thada, a seasoned educator and head of the Computer Science and Engineering department at Amity University Madhya Pradesh, this book offers a clear and comprehensive introduction to the world of Python programming. About the Book: "Python Programming Simplified" is structured to provide a gradual and thorough understanding of Python, making it accessible for readers with no prior programming experience. With 14 well-organized chapters, this guide covers everything from the basics of Python to more advanced concepts, ensuring that beginners can grasp the fundamentals before moving on to more complex topics. Key Features: Beginner-Friendly Approach: The book starts with the basics, including Python’s features, installation, and the essentials of writing your first script. Each chapter is designed to build on the previous one, allowing for a smooth learning curve. Detailed Explanations: Dr. Thada breaks down Python's core concepts into digestible segments. Topics such as data types, operators, loops, functions, and modules are explained with clarity and practical examples. Hands-On Practice: Each chapter includes practical examples and scripting exercises, encouraging readers to apply what they've learned and gain hands-on experience. Comprehensive Coverage: The book spans a wide range of topics including decision-making, looping, string handling, list and dictionary operations, tuples, classes, inheritance, exception handling, and file management. Illustrative Examples: The inclusion of numerous examples and exercises helps reinforce concepts and provides practical experience in solving real-world problems. Additional Resources: While focusing on fundamental topics, the book also hints at advanced concepts that will be explored in future editions, encouraging ongoing learning and curiosity. Preface Highlights: In the preface, Dr. Thada expresses gratitude to those who supported him throughout the writing process, including his family, colleagues, and students. The dedication to providing a practical and valuable resource is evident, as is the author's commitment to continuous improvement and responsiveness to reader feedback. Table of Contents: Starting With Python: Overview, installation, and basics of Python scripting. Operators & Expressions: In-depth look at operators, expressions, and their usage. Decision Making: Conditional statements and decision-making processes in Python. Looping: Understanding loops, including while and for loops. Functions: Creating and using functions, including advanced concepts like recursion and lambda functions. Strings: Comprehensive guide to string handling and manipulation. List: Detailed exploration of lists, including operations, methods, and list comprehension. Dictionary: Working with dictionaries, including creation, modification, and comprehension. Tuple: Understanding tuples, their operations, and practical uses. Modules in Python: Introduction to modules, their use, and import mechanisms. Classes & Objects: Basics of object-oriented programming with Python classes and objects. Inheritance: Exploring inheritance, including various types and advanced concepts. Exception Handling: Handling errors and exceptions in Python effectively. File Handling: Techniques for file operations, including reading, writing, and working with binary files. Publication Details: Edition: 1 (July 2024) Publisher: RSYN Research LLP, Indore, India ISBN: [To be assigned] Contact: [email protected] This book is a valuable resource for anyone looking to start their programming journey with Python, offering a balanced blend of theory and practice. Whether you are a student, a professional, or simply a curious learner, "Python Programming Simplified" provides the foundation you need to become proficient in Python programming.

Download or read book Python Tutorial 3 11 3 written by Guido Van Rossum and published by . This book was released on 2023-05-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Python Basics written by Dan Bader and published by Real Python (Realpython.Com). This book was released on 2021-03-16 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Make the Leap From Beginner to Intermediate in Python... Python Basics: A Practical Introduction to Python 3 Your Complete Python Curriculum-With Exercises, Interactive Quizzes, and Sample Projects What should you learn about Python in the beginning to get a strong foundation? With Python Basics, you'll not only cover the core concepts you really need to know, but you'll also learn them in the most efficient order with the help of practical exercises and interactive quizzes. You'll know enough to be dangerous with Python, fast! Who Should Read This Book If you're new to Python, you'll get a practical, step-by-step roadmap on developing your foundational skills. You'll be introduced to each concept and language feature in a logical order. Every step in this curriculum is explained and illustrated with short, clear code samples. Our goal with this book is to educate, not to impress or intimidate. If you're familiar with some basic programming concepts, you'll get a clear and well-tested introduction to Python. This is a practical introduction to Python that jumps right into the meat and potatoes without sacrificing substance. If you have prior experience with languages like VBA, PowerShell, R, Perl, C, C++, C#, Java, or Swift the numerous exercises within each chapter will fast-track your progress. If you're a seasoned developer, you'll get a Python 3 crash course that brings you up to speed with modern Python programming. Mix and match the chapters that interest you the most and use the interactive quizzes and review exercises to check your learning progress as you go along. If you're a self-starter completely new to coding, you'll get practical and motivating examples. You'll begin by installing Python and setting up a coding environment on your computer from scratch, and then continue from there. We'll get you coding right away so that you become competent and knowledgeable enough to solve real-world problems, fast. Develop a passion for programming by solving interesting problems with Python every day! If you're looking to break into a coding or data-science career, you'll pick up the practical foundations with this book. We won't just dump a boat load of theoretical information on you so you can "sink or swim"-instead you'll learn from hands-on, practical examples one step at a time. Each concept is broken down for you so you'll always know what you can do with it in practical terms. If you're interested in teaching others "how to Python," this will be your guidebook. If you're looking to stoke the coding flame in your coworkers, kids, or relatives-use our material to teach them. All the sequencing has been done for you so you'll always know what to cover next and how to explain it. What Python Developers Say About The Book: "Go forth and learn this amazing language using this great book." - Michael Kennedy, Talk Python "The wording is casual, easy to understand, and makes the information flow well." - Thomas Wong, Pythonista "I floundered for a long time trying to teach myself. I slogged through dozens of incomplete online tutorials. I snoozed through hours of boring screencasts. I gave up on countless crufty books from big-time publishers. And then I found Real Python. The easy-to-follow, step-by-step instructions break the big concepts down into bite-sized chunks written in plain English. The authors never forget their audience and are consistently thorough and detailed in their explanations. I'm up and running now, but I constantly refer to the material for guidance." - Jared Nielsen, Pythonista

Download or read book Learning Python written by Mark Lutz and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2007-10-22 with total page 749 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Portable, powerful, and a breeze to use, Python is ideal for both standalone programs and scripting applications. With this hands-on book, you can master the fundamentals of the core Python language quickly and efficiently, whether you're new to programming or just new to Python. Once you finish, you will know enough about the language to use it in any application domain you choose. Learning Python is based on material from author Mark Lutz's popular training courses, which he's taught over the past decade. Each chapter is a self-contained lesson that helps you thoroughly understand a key component of Python before you continue. Along with plenty of annotated examples, illustrations, and chapter summaries, every chapter also contains Brain Builder, a unique section with practical exercises and review quizzes that let you practice new skills and test your understanding as you go. This book covers: Types and Operations -- Python's major built-in object types in depth: numbers, lists, dictionaries, and more Statements and Syntax -- the code you type to create and process objects in Python, along with Python's general syntax model Functions -- Python's basic procedural tool for structuring and reusing code Modules -- packages of statements, functions, and other tools organized into larger components Classes and OOP -- Python's optional object-oriented programming tool for structuring code for customization and reuse Exceptions and Tools -- exception handling model and statements, plus a look at development tools for writing larger programs Learning Python gives you a deep and complete understanding of the language that will help you comprehend any application-level examples of Python that you later encounter. If you're ready to discover what Google and YouTube see in Python, this book is the best way to get started.

Download or read book Beyond the Basic Stuff with Python written by Al Sweigart and published by No Starch Press. This book was released on 2020-12-16 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BRIDGE THE GAP BETWEEN NOVICE AND PROFESSIONAL You've completed a basic Python programming tutorial or finished Al Sweigart's bestseller, Automate the Boring Stuff with Python. What's the next step toward becoming a capable, confident software developer? Welcome to Beyond the Basic Stuff with Python. More than a mere collection of advanced syntax and masterful tips for writing clean code, you'll learn how to advance your Python programming skills by using the command line and other professional tools like code formatters, type checkers, linters, and version control. Sweigart takes you through best practices for setting up your development environment, naming variables, and improving readability, then tackles documentation, organization and performance measurement, as well as object-oriented design and the Big-O algorithm analysis commonly used in coding interviews. The skills you learn will boost your ability to program--not just in Python but in any language. You'll learn: Coding style, and how to use Python's Black auto-formatting tool for cleaner code Common sources of bugs, and how to detect them with static analyzers How to structure the files in your code projects with the Cookiecutter template tool Functional programming techniques like lambda and higher-order functions How to profile the speed of your code with Python's built-in timeit and cProfile modules The computer science behind Big-O algorithm analysis How to make your comments and docstrings informative, and how often to write them How to create classes in object-oriented programming, and why they're used to organize code Toward the end of the book you'll read a detailed source-code breakdown of two classic command-line games, the Tower of Hanoi (a logic puzzle) and Four-in-a-Row (a two-player tile-dropping game), and a breakdown of how their code follows the book's best practices. You'll test your skills by implementing the program yourself. Of course, no single book can make you a professional software developer. But Beyond the Basic Stuff with Python will get you further down that path and make you a better programmer, as you learn to write readable code that's easy to debug and perfectly Pythonic Requirements: Covers Python 3.6 and higher

Download or read book Python for Beginners written by Brady Ellison and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ready to start this new journey into the Python’s world? Python is the ideal language to learn for budding developers. It is a modern object-oriented programming language with easy to read code and an extensive internet bank of modules. It offers high-level dynamic data types, many built-in functions, and operators, classes, garbage collection, and supports dynamic typing. Python runs on just about any device. Python is an OSI approved open-source software application that makes it free to download and install. Python For Beginners: A crash course to learn Python Programming in 1 Week will take you through the basics of getting started with Python programming step by step. This tutorial will teach you everything you need to know to get you to the next programming level. The book covers all the Python basics, with follow-along examples and exercises, giving you a hands-on learning approach. By the time you have made your way through the book, you will be ready to tackle the beginner’s and a few intermediate projects waiting for you at the end of it. This book covers where to and how to download and install Python. You will learn how to download and install PyCharm which is an integrated development environment where you will learn to write code. The content covers all the basics such as variables, statements, functions, keywords, data types, and more. Python For Beginners: A crash course to learn Python Programming in 1 Week has everything you need to learn to comfortably move on to more advanced programming. It is an entry-level tutorial guide that makes Python easy and fun to learn. Get your copy Now

Download or read book Python Tricks written by Dan Bader and published by Dan Bader. This book was released on 2017 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "I don't even feel like I've scratched the surface of what I can do with Python" With Python Tricks: The Book you'll discover Python's best practices and the power of beautiful & Pythonic code with simple examples and a step-by-step narrative. You'll get one step closer to mastering Python, so you can write beautiful and idiomatic code that comes to you naturally. Learning the ins and outs of Python is difficult-and with this book you'll be able to focus on the practical skills that really matter. Discover the "hidden gold" in Python's standard library and start writing clean and Pythonic code today. Who Should Read This Book: If you're wondering which lesser known parts in Python you should know about, you'll get a roadmap with this book. Discover cool (yet practical!) Python tricks and blow your coworkers' minds in your next code review. If you've got experience with legacy versions of Python, the book will get you up to speed with modern patterns and features introduced in Python 3 and backported to Python 2. If you've worked with other programming languages and you want to get up to speed with Python, you'll pick up the idioms and practical tips you need to become a confident and effective Pythonista. If you want to make Python your own and learn how to write clean and Pythonic code, you'll discover best practices and little-known tricks to round out your knowledge. What Python Developers Say About The Book: "I kept thinking that I wished I had access to a book like this when I started learning Python many years ago." - Mariatta Wijaya, Python Core Developer "This book makes you write better Python code!" - Bob Belderbos, Software Developer at Oracle "Far from being just a shallow collection of snippets, this book will leave the attentive reader with a deeper understanding of the inner workings of Python as well as an appreciation for its beauty." - Ben Felder, Pythonista "It's like having a seasoned tutor explaining, well, tricks!" - Daniel Meyer, Sr. Desktop Administrator at Tesla Inc.

Download or read book Python Programming written by John M. Zelle and published by Franklin, Beedle & Associates, Inc.. This book was released on 2004 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is suitable for use in a university-level first course in computing (CS1), as well as the increasingly popular course known as CS0. It is difficult for many students to master basic concepts in computer science and programming. A large portion of the confusion can be blamed on the complexity of the tools and materials that are traditionally used to teach CS1 and CS2. This textbook was written with a single overarching goal: to present the core concepts of computer science as simply as possible without being simplistic.

Download or read book A Primer on Scientific Programming with Python written by Hans Petter Langtangen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book serves as a first introduction to computer programming of scientific applications, using the high-level Python language. The exposition is example and problem-oriented, where the applications are taken from mathematics, numerical calculus, statistics, physics, biology and finance. The book teaches "Matlab-style" and procedural programming as well as object-oriented programming. High school mathematics is a required background and it is advantageous to study classical and numerical one-variable calculus in parallel with reading this book. Besides learning how to program computers, the reader will also learn how to solve mathematical problems, arising in various branches of science and engineering, with the aid of numerical methods and programming. By blending programming, mathematics and scientific applications, the book lays a solid foundation for practicing computational science. From the reviews: Langtangen ... does an excellent job of introducing programming as a set of skills in problem solving. He guides the reader into thinking properly about producing program logic and data structures for modeling real-world problems using objects and functions and embracing the object-oriented paradigm. ... Summing Up: Highly recommended. F. H. Wild III, Choice, Vol. 47 (8), April 2010 Those of us who have learned scientific programming in Python ‘on the streets’ could be a little jealous of students who have the opportunity to take a course out of Langtangen’s Primer.” John D. Cook, The Mathematical Association of America, September 2011 This book goes through Python in particular, and programming in general, via tasks that scientists will likely perform. It contains valuable information for students new to scientific computing and would be the perfect bridge between an introduction to programming and an advanced course on numerical methods or computational science. Alex Small, IEEE, CiSE Vol. 14 (2), March /April 2012 “This fourth edition is a wonderful, inclusive textbook that covers pretty much everything one needs to know to go from zero to fairly sophisticated scientific programming in Python...” Joan Horvath, Computing Reviews, March 2015

Download or read book Learn Python 3 the Hard Way written by Zed A. Shaw and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2017-06-26 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: You Will Learn Python 3! Zed Shaw has perfected the world’s best system for learning Python 3. Follow it and you will succeed—just like the millions of beginners Zed has taught to date! You bring the discipline, commitment, and persistence; the author supplies everything else. In Learn Python 3 the Hard Way, you’ll learn Python by working through 52 brilliantly crafted exercises. Read them. Type their code precisely. (No copying and pasting!) Fix your mistakes. Watch the programs run. As you do, you’ll learn how a computer works; what good programs look like; and how to read, write, and think about code. Zed then teaches you even more in 5+ hours of video where he shows you how to break, fix, and debug your code—live, as he’s doing the exercises. Install a complete Python environment Organize and write code Fix and break code Basic mathematics Variables Strings and text Interact with users Work with files Looping and logic Data structures using lists and dictionaries Program design Object-oriented programming Inheritance and composition Modules, classes, and objects Python packaging Automated testing Basic game development Basic web development It’ll be hard at first. But soon, you’ll just get it—and that will feel great! This course will reward you for every minute you put into it. Soon, you’ll know one of the world’s most powerful, popular programming languages. You’ll be a Python programmer. This Book Is Perfect For Total beginners with zero programming experience Junior developers who know one or two languages Returning professionals who haven’t written code in years Seasoned professionals looking for a fast, simple, crash course in Python 3

Download or read book Python for Kids 2nd Edition written by Jason R. Briggs and published by No Starch Press. This book was released on 2022-11-15 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of the best-selling Python for Kids—which brings you (and your parents) into the world of programming—has been completely updated to use the latest version of Python, along with tons of new projects! Python is a powerful programming language that’s easy to learn and fun to use! But books about programming in Python can be dull and that’s no fun for anyone. Python for Kids brings kids (and their parents) into the wonderful world of programming. Jason R. Briggs guides you through the basics, experimenting with unique (and hilarious) example programs featuring ravenous monsters, secret agents, thieving ravens, and more. New terms are defined; code is colored and explained; puzzles stretch the brain and strengthen understanding; and full-color illustrations keep you engaged throughout. By the end of the book, you’ll have programmed two games: a clone of the famous Pong, and “Mr. Stick Man Races for the Exit”—a platform game with jumps and animation. This second edition is revised and updated to reflect Python 3 programming practices. There are new puzzles to inspire you and two new appendices to guide you through Python’s built-in modules and troubleshooting your code. As you strike out on your programming adventure, you’ll learn how to: Use fundamental data structures like lists, tuples, and dictionaries Organize and reuse your code with functions and modules Use control structures like loops and conditional statements Draw shapes and patterns with Python’s turtle module Create games, animations, and other graphical wonders with tkinter Why should serious adults have all the fun? Python for Kids is your ticket into the amazing world of computer programming. Covers Python 3.x which runs on Windows, macOS, Linux, even Raspberry Pi

Download or read book Introducing Python written by Bill Lubanovic and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Easy to understand and fun to read, this updated edition of Introducing Python is ideal for beginning programmers as well as those new to the language. Author Bill Lubanovic takes you from the basics to more involved and varied topics, mixing tutorials with cookbook-style code recipes to explain concepts in Python 3. End-of-chapter exercises help you practice what you’ve learned. You’ll gain a strong foundation in the language, including best practices for testing, debugging, code reuse, and other development tips. This book also shows you how to use Python for applications in business, science, and the arts, using various Python tools and open source packages.

Download or read book Python for Everybody written by Charles R. Severance and published by . This book was released on 2016-04-09 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Python for Everybody is designed to introduce students to programming and software development through the lens of exploring data. You can think of the Python programming language as your tool to solve data problems that are beyond the capability of a spreadsheet.Python is an easy to use and easy to learn programming language that is freely available on Macintosh, Windows, or Linux computers. So once you learn Python you can use it for the rest of your career without needing to purchase any software.This book uses the Python 3 language. The earlier Python 2 version of this book is titled "Python for Informatics: Exploring Information".There are free downloadable electronic copies of this book in various formats and supporting materials for the book at www.pythonlearn.com. The course materials are available to you under a Creative Commons License so you can adapt them to teach your own Python course.

Download or read book Beginning Programming with Python For Dummies written by John Paul Mueller and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-13 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The easy way to learn programming fundamentals with Python Python is a remarkably powerful and dynamic programming language that's used in a wide variety of application domains. Some of its key distinguishing features include a very clear, readable syntax, strong introspection capabilities, intuitive object orientation, and natural expression of procedural code. Plus, Python features full modularity, supporting hierarchical packages, exception-based error handling, and modules easily written in C, C++, Java, R, or .NET languages, such as C#. In addition, Python supports a number of coding styles that include: functional, imperative, object-oriented, and procedural. Due to its ease of use and flexibility, Python is constantly growing in popularity—and now you can wear your programming hat with pride and join the ranks of the pros with the help of this guide. Inside, expert author John Paul Mueller gives a complete step-by-step overview of all there is to know about Python. From performing common and advanced tasks, to collecting data, to interacting with package—this book covers it all! Use Python to create and run your first application Find out how to troubleshoot and fix errors Learn to work with Anaconda and use Magic Functions Benefit from completely updated and revised information since the last edition If you've never used Python or are new to programming in general, Beginning Programming with Python For Dummies is a helpful resource that will set you up for success.

Download or read book JAVA Programming Simplified written by Dr. Muneer Ahmad Dar and published by BPB Publications. This book was released on 2020-03-21 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Java With a lot of Programming examplesÊ KEY FEATURESÊÊ - Covers the key concepts of Java Programming - Programming examples are provided to understand the concepts well - Designed to cover the syllabus of BCA, BSc-IT and Mater level Courses in Computer Applications - Step by Step instructions are provided to get more clarity on the topic - Covers Core Java along with some advanced topics of Java Programming DESCRIPTIONÊÊ This book has been designed in such a manner so as to make anyone understand the Java language, with a lot of practical examples implemented on the Eclipse platform. This book comprehensively covers all the concepts of Java, starting with the installation of Java and the usage of IDE for Java development and efficiently covers all required topics of Java language with some advanced concepts like JDBC and event handling in Java. WHAT WILL YOU LEARNÊÊ - Java Fundamentals with installation and configuration - Core Java with relevant programming examples - Important features of Java-like applets and multithreading - Event handling with graphical user interface components - Java Database Connectivity with some practical examples WHO THIS BOOK IS FORÊ This book is useful for beginner programmers having no knowledge of any programming language. However, programmers who have done some basic programming in C and C++, can easily reach some advanced concepts and move ahead with the advanced Java. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction & Installation 2. Basics of Java Programming 3. Object-Oriented Programming in Java 4.ÊPackages and Interfaces 5. Understanding Strings, Arrays and Wrapper classes 6. Exception Handling in Java 7. Multithreading in Java 8. Applets in Java 9. Input-Output in Java 10. Event Handling in Java 11.ÊJava Database Connectivity

Download or read book Programming for Computations Python written by Svein Linge and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-25 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents computer programming as a key method for solving mathematical problems. There are two versions of the book, one for MATLAB and one for Python. The book was inspired by the Springer book TCSE 6: A Primer on Scientific Programming with Python (by Langtangen), but the style is more accessible and concise, in keeping with the needs of engineering students. The book outlines the shortest possible path from no previous experience with programming to a set of skills that allows the students to write simple programs for solving common mathematical problems with numerical methods in engineering and science courses. The emphasis is on generic algorithms, clean design of programs, use of functions, and automatic tests for verification.

Download or read book Programming in Python 3 written by Mark Summerfield and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 2008-12-16 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Python 3 is the best version of the language yet: It is more powerful, convenient, consistent, and expressive than ever before. Now, leading Python programmer Mark Summerfield demonstrates how to write code that takes full advantage of Python 3’s features and idioms. The first book written from a completely “Python 3” viewpoint, Programming in Python 3 brings together all the knowledge you need to write any program, use any standard or third-party Python 3 library, and create new library modules of your own. Summerfield draws on his many years of Python experience to share deep insights into Python 3 development you won’t find anywhere else. He begins by illuminating Python’s “beautiful heart”: the eight key elements of Python you need to write robust, high-performance programs. Building on these core elements, he introduces new topics designed to strengthen your practical expertise—one concept and hands-on example at a time. This book’s coverage includes Developing in Python using procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming paradigms Creating custom packages and modules Writing and reading binary, text, and XML files, including optional compression, random access, and text and XML parsing Leveraging advanced data types, collections, control structures, and functions Spreading program workloads across multiple processes and threads Programming SQL databases and key-value DBM files Utilizing Python’s regular expression mini-language and module Building usable, efficient, GUI-based applications Advanced programming techniques, including generators, function and class decorators, context managers, descriptors, abstract base classes, metaclasses, and more Programming in Python 3 serves as both tutorial and language reference, and it is accompanied by extensive downloadable example code—all of it tested with the final version of Python 3 on Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X.