Download or read book Purely Peptidic Amphiphiles written by Thomas Bernhard Schuster and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Purely Peptidic Amphiphiles Understanding and Controlling their Self Assembled Structures written by Thomas Schuster and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2011-07-05 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amphiphilic molecules spontaneously self-assemble into a variety of structures in solution. The term amphiphilic indicates that one part of the molecule is attracted to the solvent, while the other is not. Interactions such as between solute-solvent and solute-solute thus determine the organization. Understanding the self-assembly means understanding those interactions and their driving forces. In the first chapter an overview of the self-organization of amphiphilic molecules into supermolecuar aggregates of different morphologies is provided, with a focus on purely peptidic amphiphiles, i.e. amphiphiles which consist solely of a different amino acid sequence. In the second chapter the self-assembly of amphiphilic peptides with a specific amino acid sequence into micelles and spherical peptide nanoparticles is described. The undecamer peptide that was used features a repetitive L-tryptophan and D-leucine [LW-DL] motif, representing the hydrophobic block – which is a truncated version of gramicidin A (gA), named gT. The N-terminally attached hydrophilic section was either lysine (K) or acetylated lysine (X) and was optionally terminated with cysteine for post-functionalization of the thiol-group. The uncharged peptide AcC-X3-gT was demonstrated to assemble into micelles and subsequently into peptide particles, termed ‘peptide beads’. We hypothesize that the peptide beads consisted of micelles – a structure described as multicompartment micelles. Peptide beads using AcC-X3-gT and its analogues – including Ac-X3-gT-C, a new peptide with the cysteine residue on the C instead of the N-terminus – are further investigated in Chapter Three. We succeeded in creating highly ordered Ac-X3-gT-C – Au-NP composites, which allowed us to visualize the inner structure of the nanoparticles. The presented composite materials are expected to exhibit exceptional electrical and optical properties. In Chapter Four these amphiphilic peptides are studied with regard to the interaction within a lipid layer but also in pure peptide layers at the air-water interface. Results indicate the formation of a unimolecular, flat film. Peptide layers were successfully transferred onto a solid support or self-assembled peptide monolayers (SAMs) were created equally well via immersion and spin-coating. Preliminary mineralization experiments confirmed the successful creation of calcium phosphate crystals. The topic of the following chapter focuses on a peptide library that has been synthesized to correlate the primary sequence, its secondary structure and the resulting self-assembly. The peptide design includes three parts: (a) a charged lysine part, (b) an acetylated lysine part and (c) a constant hydrophobic rod-like helix, based on gramicidin A (gA). By stepwise replacement of free lysine (K) with acetylated lysine (X) we generated a library of a total of ten peptides Ac-X8-gA and KmX8-m-gA (m ranging from 0 to 8). By using point mutations, we adjusted the degree of acetylation (DA) and thus the overall amphiphilicity of the peptides, which led to a change in the secondary structure in the aqueous environment from a ?-sheet to an ? -helix. This transition generated a significant change in the morphology of the self-assembled structures from fibers to micelles. The study is important precisely because it presents a first step towards molecular switches based on acetylation of a peptide, inspired by the example of phosphorylation of proteins or enzymes, which converts them into the active or inactive state by structural changes. Chapter Seven focuses on essential parameters to successfully manage membrane formation from a purely peptidic system. A crucial step in the formation of peptide membranes appears to be dimerization, which originates from the introduction of intermolecular interactions, such as H-bonds or ??? stacking of aromatic rings. The formation of a stabilized membrane subunit, i.e. dimers in the lateral or perpendicular directions (relative to the membrane) produced stable, purely peptidic vesicles and may well apply to other peptidic systems. These novel peptidic systems offer hydrophilic and hydrophobic compartments to encapsulate and integrate different drugs or payloads and could be used for gene delivery, since the design includes charged moieties. In the last chapter, the achievements of the presented work are discussed and summarized. Furthermore, lines of research are suggested, which, from the present point of view, appear to be the most promising and should be the focus of subsequent experiments.
Download or read book Rational Design of Purely Peptidic Amphiphiles for Drug Delivery Applications written by Dirk de Bruyn Ouboter and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2011-07-29 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A broad range of new properties is emerging from supramolecular aggregates. Self-assembled structures of purely peptidic amphiphiles exploit these properties to produce biocompatible, biodegradable, smart materials for drug administration. This thesis explores the design, synthesis, purification, characterization of purely peptidic amphiphiles, and the evaluation of potential applications. The first chapter provides a general introduction to the field of self-assembly and drug delivery as compared to nature’s delivery mechanisms. Further, the advantage of amino acid based molecules in producing smart materials for drug delivery applications is highlighted via biocompatibility and biodegradability considerations. Next, synthetic strategies and purification methods are discussed. Finally gramicidin A (gA) – a naturally occurring, short, hydrophobic, membrane-integrating peptide used to produce the amphiphilic peptides presented here – is introduced. Chapter two presents an initial approach to produce self-assembled structures by purely peptidic amphiphiles. The undecamer used features a repetitive L-tryptophan and D-leucine [LW-DL] motif representing the hydrophobic block, and an N-terminally attached hydrophilic (lysine or acetylated lysine) section. Besides solid-phase peptide synthesis and purification, the process that self-assembles micelles and spherical peptide particles, termed “peptide beads” was characterized as a function of temperature and solvent composition by means of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), dynamic and static light scattering, fluorimetry and electron microscopy. An equilibrium process between single peptide molecules, micelles and peptide beads is then presented. Chapter three examines the structure of self-assembled peptide beads of diameters between 200 to 1500 nm. The beads were analyzed by electron and atomic force microscopy (AFM), static and dynamic light-, and small angle X-ray scattering. The beads are seen to result from hierarchical organization of micellar-like subunits and confirm the concept of multicompartment micelles. An improved understanding of the beads’ capacity to embed hydrophobic and hydrophilic payloads and provide perspectives for drug delivery applications emerges. Chapter four presents a library of longer peptides, based on the full sequence of gA. The peptide design includes three parts: (a) a charged lysine part, (b) an acetylated lysine part and (c) a constant hydrophobic rod-like helix, based on gA. Stepwise replacement of free lysine (K) with acetylated lysine (X) generated the ten peptides Ac-X8-gA and KmX8-m-gA (m ranging from 0 to 8). With the change in the primary sequence, a change in secondary structure was observed. The transition reflected a change in the self-assembled structures from fibers to micelles. This demonstrates how even small point mutations influence the supramolecular outcome and serve as an important step to understanding and controlling self-assembly. In chapter five, the knowledge gained on gA-based peptides is applied to produce purely peptidic vesicles. The work here demonstrated that, to form such structures with short amphiphiles, additional stabilizing factors were necessary. Thus, we exploited different dimerization strategies to form stable peptide membranes and developed a general recipe to form purely peptidic vesicles. The vesicles demonstrated pH responsiveness as well as the capacity to embed hydrophilic and hydrophobic payloads in their structure. Chapter six presents the potential of self-assembled peptide beads in drug delivery applications. The hydrophobic and hydrophilic payload-filled peptide beads are shown to be internalized by human cells. Further, a method to increase embedding efficiency for RNA/DNA to 99% due to charge-driven complexation and embedding is presented. The internalization of the gene delivery vehicle into cells led to gene silencing through delivered siRNA and to antibiotic resistance, and siRNA production followed by gene silencing through a delivered plasmid. The delivery of co-embedded paclitaxel and doxorubicin was then probed and proven effective. The results also demonstrate that the new class of drug delivery material caused no measurable toxicity during the experiments. Therefore, the material is suggested as a biocompatible drug delivery vehicle for gene therapy and multi-drug delivery. In chapter 7, the self-assembly capacity of the peptide is used to template the dense packing of gold nanoparticles. The C-terminally cysteinated peptide Ac-X3-gT-C was used to coat gold nanoparticles and form gold core micelles. These micelles then aggregate to composite peptide-gold nanoparticles in which the individual gold nanoparticles remain separated from another. The dense packing of the gold nanoparticles offers opportunities for exceptional optical- and electronic properties as well as the use of composite material for a potential, triggered destruction of the peptide beads by the typical radiation absorption effect of gold nanoparticles. The latter could, in particular, be useful to control the release of embedded payloads. The final chapter summarizes and discusses the achievements of this work. Further, it gives an overview of ongoing work and an outlook for worthwhile research from the present point of view. This includes e.g. the development of drug delivery applications, the use of the presented peptidic self-assembly system as template material in nanosciences, as well as the use of the material to investigate cellular uptake pathways of nano-sized objects.
Download or read book Peptide based Biomaterials written by Mustafa O. Guler and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research and new tools in biomaterials development by using peptides are currently growing, as more functional and versatile building blocks are used to design a host of functional biomaterials via chemical modifications for health care applications. It is a field that is attracting researchers from across soft matter science, molecular engineering and biomaterials science. Covering the fundamental concepts of self-assembly, design and synthesis of peptides, this book will provide a solid introduction to the field for those interested in developing functional biomaterials by using peptide derivatives. The bioactive nature of the peptides and their physical properties are discussed in various applications in biomedicine. This book will help researchers and students working in biomaterials and biomedicine fields and help their understanding of modulating biological processes for disease diagnosis and treatments.
Download or read book Peptide Based Materials written by Timothy Deming and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-10 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesis of Polypeptides by Ring-Opening Polymerization of α-Amino Acid N-Carboxyanhydrides, by Jianjun Cheng and Timothy J. Deming.- Peptide Synthesis and Self-Assembly, by S. Maude, L. R. Tai, R. P. W. Davies, B. Liu, S. A. Harris, P. J. Kocienski and A. Aggeli.- Elastomeric Polypeptides, by Mark B. van Eldijk, Christopher L. McGann, Kristi L. Kiick andJan C. M. van Hest.- Self-Assembled Polypeptide and Polypeptide Hybrid Vesicles: From Synthesis to Application, by Uh-Joo Choe, Victor Z. Sun, James-Kevin Y. Tan and Daniel T. Kamei.- Peptide-Based and Polypeptide-Based Hydrogels for Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, by Aysegul Altunbas and Darrin J. Pochan.-
Download or read book Materials Nanoarchitectonics written by Katsuhiko Ariga and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-12-07 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials Nanoarchitectonics: From Integrated Molecular Systems to Advanced Devices provides the latest information on the design and molecular manipulation of self-organized hierarchically structured systems using tailor-made nanoscale materials as structural and functional units. The book is organized into three main sections that focus on molecular design of building blocks and hybrid materials, formation of nanostructures, and applications and devices. Bringing together emerging materials, synthetic aspects, nanostructure strategies, and applications, the book aims to support further progress, by offering different perspectives and a strong interdisciplinary approach to this rapidly growing area of innovation. This is an extremely valuable resource for researchers, advanced students, and scientists in industry, with an interest in nanoarchitectonics, nanostructures, and nanomaterials, or across the areas of nanotechnology, chemistry, surface science, polymer science, electrical engineering, physics, chemical engineering, and materials science. - Offers a nanoarchitectonic perspective on emerging fields, such as metal-organic frameworks, porous polymer materials, or biomimetic nanostructures - Discusses different approaches to utilizing "soft chemistry" as a source for hierarchically organized materials - Offers an interdisciplinary approach to the design and construction of integrated chemical nano systems - Discusses novel approaches towards the creation of complex multiscale architectures
Download or read book Peptide Bionanomaterials written by Mohamed A. Elsawy and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular self-assembly has been exploited by nature for developing the higher functional macromolecular structures of both the genome and proteome. Inspired by nature, there has been a surge of research, in the last two decades, for the molecular engineering of peptide-based self-assembling nanostructures, adopting the bottom-up design approach. This book gives the reader an overview on the design rules for de novo self-assembling peptide and reviews the diverse range of bioinspired peptide nanostructures such as β-sheet and β-hairpin, α-helical and coiled coil, self-assembling short peptides and peptidomimetics, collagen-based and elastin-like peptides, silk peptides, peptide amphiphiles, peptides co-polymers and others. The book also covers the wide variety of responsive and functional biomaterials that have been innovated based on those nanostructures for various applications ranging from tissue engineering, therapeutics and drug delivery to antimicrobial nanomaterials and biosensors. Finally, the book also discusses the peptide bionanomaterials global market and the future of the emerging industry. Chapter “Characterization of Peptide-Based Nanomaterials” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Download or read book Self assembling Biomaterials written by Helena S. Azevedo and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-assembling biomaterials: molecular design, characterization and application in biology and medicine provides a comprehensive coverage on an emerging area of biomaterials science, spanning from conceptual designs to advanced characterization tools and applications of self-assembling biomaterials, and compiling the recent developments in the field. Molecular self-assembly, the autonomous organization of molecules, is ubiquitous in living organisms and intrinsic to biological structures and function. Not surprisingly, the exciting field of engineering artificial self-assembling biomaterials often finds inspiration in Biology. More important, materials that self-assemble speak the language of life and can be designed to seamlessly integrate with the biological environment, offering unique engineering opportunities in bionanotechnology. The book is divided in five parts, comprising design of molecular building blocks for self-assembly; exclusive features of self-assembling biomaterials; specific methods and techniques to predict, investigate and characterize self-assembly and formed assemblies; different approaches for controlling self-assembly across multiple length scales and the nano/micro/macroscopic properties of biomaterials; diverse range of applications in biomedicine, including drug delivery, theranostics, cell culture and tissue regeneration. Written by researchers working in self-assembling biomaterials, it addresses a specific need within the Biomaterials scientific community. - Explores both theoretical and practical aspects of self-assembly in biomaterials - Includes a dedicated section on characterization techniques, specific for self-assembling biomaterials - Examines the use of dynamic self-assembling biomaterials
Download or read book Nanobiomaterials Handbook written by Balaji Sitharaman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanobiomaterials exhibit distinctive characteristics, including mechanical, electrical, and optical properties, which make them suitable for a variety of biological applications. Because of their versatility, they are poised to play a central role in nanobiotechnology and make significant contributions to biomedical research and healthcare. Nanobio
Download or read book Self Assembly written by Ramanathan Nagarajan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-12-03 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to the state-of-the-art of the diverse self-assembly systems Self-Assembly: From Surfactants to Nanoparticles provides an effective entry for new researchers into this exciting field while also giving the state of the art assessment of the diverse self-assembling systems for those already engaged in this research. Over the last twenty years, self-assembly has emerged as a distinct science/technology field, going well beyond the classical surfactant and block copolymer molecules, and encompassing much larger and complex molecular, biomolecular and nanoparticle systems. Within its ten chapters, each contributed by pioneers of the respective research topics, the book: Discusses the fundamental physical chemical principles that govern the formation and properties of self-assembled systems Describes important experimental techniques to characterize the properties of self-assembled systems, particularly the nature of molecular organization and structure at the nano, meso or micro scales. Provides the first exhaustive accounting of self-assembly derived from various kinds of biomolecules including peptides, DNA and proteins. Outlines methods of synthesis and functionalization of self-assembled nanoparticles and the further self-assembly of the nanoparticles into one, two or three dimensional materials. Explores numerous potential applications of self-assembled structures including nanomedicine applications of drug delivery, imaging, molecular diagnostics and theranostics, and design of materials to specification such as smart responsive materials and self-healing materials. Highlights the unifying as well as contrasting features of self-assembly, as we move from surfactant molecules to nanoparticles. Written for students and academic and industrial scientists and engineers, by pioneers of the research field, Self-Assembly: From Surfactants to Nanoparticles is a comprehensive resource on diverse self-assembly systems, that is simultaneously introductory as well as the state of the art.
Download or read book Supramolecular Nanotechnology written by Omar Azzaroni and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-04-25 with total page 1801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supramolecular Nanotechnology Provides up-to-date coverage of both current knowledge and new developments in the dynamic and interdisciplinary field of supramolecular nanotechnology In recent years, supramolecular nanotechnology has revolutionized research in chemistry, physics, and materials science. These easily manipulated molecular units enable the synthesis of novel nanomaterials for use in a wide range of current and potential applications including electronics, sensors, drug delivery, and imaging. Supramolecular Nanotechnology presents a state-of-the-art overview of functional self-assembling nanomaterials based on organic and polymeric molecules. Featuring contributions by an international panel of experts in the field, this comprehensive volume covers the design of self-assembled materials, their synthesis and diverse fabrication methods, the characterization of supramolecular architectures, and current and emerging applications in chemistry, biology, and medicine. Detailed chapters discuss the synthesis of peptide-based supramolecular structures and polymeric self-assembling materials, their characterization, advanced microscopy techniques, nanostructures made of porphyrins, polyelectrolytes, silica, their application in catalysis and cancer, atomistic and coarse-grained simulations, and more. Presents cutting-edge research on rationally designed, self-assembled supramolecular structures Discusses the impact of supramolecular nanotechnology on current and future research and technology Highlights applications of self-assembled supramolecular systems in catalysis, biomedical imaging, cancer therapies, and regenerative medicine Provides synthetic strategies for preparing the molecular assemblies and various characterization techniques for assessing the supramolecular morphology Describes theoretical modeling and simulation techniques for analyzing supramolecular nanostructures Supramolecular Nanotechnology: Advanced Design of Self-Assembled Functional Materials is essential reading for materials scientists and engineers, polymer and organic chemists, pharmaceutical scientists, molecular physicists and biologists, and chemical engineers.
Download or read book Peptides and Peptide based Biomaterials and their Biomedical Applications written by Anwar Sunna and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-26 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid-binding peptides have been used increasingly as molecular building blocks in nanobiotechnology as they can direct the assembly and functionalisation of a diverse range of materials and have the ability to regulate the synthesis of nanoparticles and complex nanostructures. Nanostructured materials such as β-sheet fibril-forming peptides and α-helical coiled coil systems have displayed many useful properties including stimulus-responsiveness, modularity and multi-functionality, providing potential technological applications in tissue engineering, antimicrobials, drug delivery and nanoscale electronics. The current situation with respect to self-assembling peptides and bioactive matrices for regenerative medicine are reviewed, as well as peptide-target modeling and an examination of future prospects for peptides in these areas.
Download or read book International Women of Supramolecular Chemistry written by Jennifer Hiscock and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-03-17 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Smart Polymers and Their Applications written by Maria Rosa Aguilar and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smart Polymers and Their Applications, Second Edition presents an up-to-date resource of information on the synthesis and properties of different types of smart polymers, including temperature, pH, electro, magnetic and photo-responsive polymers, amongst others. It is an ideal introduction to this field, as well as a review of the latest research in this area. Shape memory polymers, smart polymer hydrogels, and self-healing polymer systems are also explored. In addition, a very strong focus on applications of smart polymers is included for tissue engineering, smart polymer nanocarriers for drug delivery, and the use of smart polymers in medical devices. Additionally, the book covers the use of smart polymers for textile applications, packaging, energy storage, optical data storage, environmental protection, and more. This book is an ideal, technical resource for chemists, chemical engineers, materials scientists, mechanical engineers and other professionals in a range of industries. - Includes a significant number of new chapters on smart polymer materials development, as well as new applications development in energy storage, sensors and devices, and environmental protection - Provides a multidisciplinary approach to the development of responsive polymers, approaching the subject by the different types of polymer (e.g. temperature-responsive) and its range of applications
Download or read book Handbook of Biofunctional Surfaces written by Wolfgang Knoll and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 1186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design and synthesis of molecularly or supramolecularly defined interfacial architectures have seen in recent years a remarkable growth of interest and scientific research activities for various reasons. On the one hand, it is generally believed that the construction of an interactive interface between the living world of cells, tissue, or whole organisms and the (inorganic or organic) materials world of technical devices such as implants or medical parts requires proper construction and structural (and functional) control of this organism–machine interface. It is still the very beginning of generating a better understanding of what is needed to make an organism tolerate implants, to guarantee bidirectional communication between microelectronic devices and living tissue, or to simply construct interactive biocompatibility of surfaces in general. This exhaustive book lucidly describes the design, synthesis, assembly and characterization, and bio-(medical) applications of interfacial layers on solid substrates with molecularly or supramolecularly controlled architectures. Experts in the field share their contributions that have been developed in recent years.
Download or read book Protein Self Assembly written by Jennifer J. McManus and published by Humana. This book was released on 2020-08-08 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores experimental and computational approaches to measuring the most widely studied protein assemblies, including condensed liquid phases, aggregates, and crystals. The chapters in this book are organized into three parts: Part One looks at the techniques used to measure protein-protein interactions and equilibrium protein phases in dilute and concentrated protein solutions; Part Two describes methods to measure kinetics of aggregation and to characterize the assembled state; and Part Three details several different computational approaches that are currently used to help researchers understand protein self-assembly. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Thorough and cutting-edge, Protein Self-Assembly: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for researchers who are interested in learning more about this developing field.
Download or read book Introduction to Soft Matter written by Ian W. Hamley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-18 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to this exciting and relativelynew subject with chapters covering natural and synthetic polymers,colloids, surfactants and liquid crystals highlighting the many andvaried applications of these materials. Written by an expert in thefield, this book will be an essential reference for people workingin both industry and academia and will aid in understanding of thisincreasingly popular topic. Contains a new chapter on biological soft matter Newly edited and updated chapters including updated coverageof recent aspects of polymer science. Contain problems at the end of each chapter to facilitateunderstanding
