Download or read book Public Open Space Provision in Private Developments written by Wan-In Chun and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Public Open Space Provision in Private Developments: the Case of Urban Renewal Authority Redevelopment Projects in Hong Kong" by Wan-in, Chun, 秦蘊妍, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Public open space (POS) within a city acts as an important breathing and recreational space for the urban population within a proximate distance by providing economic, social, psychological and environmental benefits to human settlements. In a city like Hong Kong (HK) adopting economic-centred development, land is be maximized for monetary use especially under land scarce due to topographical constraint. Hence, compact development is resulted especially in urban areas. Past study had found that the proportion of open space zoning undergone a downward trend across the territory as time moves on and a gap was observed between planned and actual open space provision (Tang and Wong, 2008, p. 261). On the other hand, some POS were created within residual development land in the urban area which are of poor locational quality. Taken into account of early POS provision inefficiency, the government sees the opportunity in gradual neighbourhood decay as a mean to encourage POS provision within new private developments. This idea originated as a planning policy since 1980s which tries to overcome shortcomings of POS provision in districts by means of requiring or encouraging POS provision within private developments. However, while this policy contains certain benefits, it is not without issues and problems from the design, social, economic, institutional and policy point of view. This dissertation therefore aims to examine POS provision within URA redevelopment projects in HK where district renewal is one of the sources of newly built private developments containing POS provision. The study aims to find out POS contribution, performance, as well as to unravel potential benefits, issues and concerns associated with the provision, given existing context of regulatory policies and operational guidelines. The term "URA redevelopment projects" used in the dissertation, covers a longitudinal review of all completed projects containing POS provision that were taken place between the Land Development Corporation (LDC) and the Urban Renewal Authority (URA) period, in which the URA was established to supersede and continue with the LDC's renewal work in 2001 due to organizational inefficiency. The study hopes to give implications on future POS provision within URA redevelopment projects so as to enhance POS functionality and usability through policy, development control and governance perspectives. There are a total of 25 redevelopment projects containing POS provision during the LDC and the URA period, out of which 16 of them are completed by the end of June 2014. The study found that the spatial location of the completed and future POS provision among the redevelopment projects positively correlates with local open space (LOS) and district Open Space (DOS) deficit spatially. Among the completed projects, POS performance varies in aspects of functionality, aesthetic value, privacy, accessibility etc. In considering POS provision on top of planned requirement, additional floor spaces are also granted for several cases without maximizing the efforts in enhancing POS use value. Furthermore, some cases also demonstrate potential uncertainty in POS provision and rights of entry. Overall speaking, policy aims are partially meet. By means of employing planning, economic as well as institutional perspectives in analysis, performance variations are attrib

Download or read book Public Open Space Provision in Private Developments written by 秦蘊妍 and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Providing Public Space in a Contemporary Metropolis written by Claudio De Magalhães and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2024-06-26 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasingly, public space provision and management are being transferred from the public sector to real estate developers, private sector organisations, voluntary groups and community bodies. Contrasting the more historical, horizontal character of London with the intense street life of high-rise Hong Kong, this book tells the story of the two cities’ relationships with non-traditional forms of public space governance. The authors consider the implications for the ‘publicness’ of these complex spaces and the challenges and impacts that different forms of provision have on those with a stake in them, and on the cities as a whole.

Download or read book Planning for Accessible and Socially Inclusive Public Open Space in Private Developments in Hong Kong written by Hoi-Kei Stephanie Chan and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Planning for Accessible and Socially Inclusive Public Open Space in Private Developments in Hong Kong" by Hoi-kei, Stephanie, Chan, 陳海琪, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Hong Kong, being known as Asia's World City and an international metropolis, possesses topography and sub-tropical climate that supports the habitat of a wide range of flora, fauna and wildlife. Many are surprised to realize that 70% of Hong Kong's total land area is countryside and mountains, in which 40% of them is officially protected as country parks, marine parks, areas of special scientific interest, etc. under the Country Parks and Marine Parks Ordinance (Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, 2012). Much emphasis and protection have been put in these natural open spaces; however, urban open spaces, especially those within private developments, seem to be of a lesser concern to the public. Recently, there are raising discussion and concerns over the shortfall of open space in urban areas, especially in older districts. As the population of Hong Kong increases exponentially, the existing provision of public facilities cannot cope with the rising demand. Some new public spaces are created to address the increasing demand, yet their quality is questionable. The provision of public open space in private developments (POSPD) became a controversial issue in 2008, when reporters discovered the misuse of the public open spaces in Times Square and Metro Harbour View. The developer of Times Square made use of the public open space to generate revenue by renting it out for exhibitions and events. As for Metro Harbour View, its podium garden was never opened for public use after the development was completed. Also, as these public spaces are being operated and managed by private companies, privatization and commodification of public open space are emerging phenomenon in some spaces. Thus, the general public started to express concerns over the provision of POSPD. In this dissertation, understanding of various key concepts and their interrelationships will be illustrated in the literature review. This together forms the theoretical framework for this dissertation. Elements that constitute a successful public open space will be identified. Privately-owned public space in New York City will be used as a detailed overseas case study to draw insights and best practices in order to enlighten the current practice in Hong Kong. The current policy and practice of provision of POSPD in Hong Kong will be reviewed. Problems and key issues in the existing POSPD will be illustrated by two detailed case studies. Questionnaire surveys, site visits, field observations and interviews will be done as data collection methods. The goal of this dissertation is to analyze whether the recently published guidelines on the design and management of POSPD is comprehensive enough to address the existing problems and key issues. Recommendations will be given to improve the guidelines if there are some missing elements and to illustrate the appropriate design and operating approaches to guide future planning, design and management of POSPD in new developments and public open space in planning projects. DOI: 10.5353/th_b4988489 Subjects: Public spaces - China - Hong Kong

Download or read book Land Supply and Land Use Planning of Public Open Space in Hong Kong written by Man-Wai Darren Cheung and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Land Supply and Land-use Planning of Public Open Space in Hong Kong" by Man-wai, Darren, Cheung, 張文偉, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Modern cities do not only aim at focusing on economic development solely, but they also need to provide high quality of urban living environment which could achieve social, economic and environmental sustainability. Public open space constitutes an indispensible part in achieving this planning objective. Nevertheless, open space is not a unitary planning concept. It has been being constantly redefined to suit changing social and economic needs. This study investigates the development of land supply and land-use planning of public open space in Hong Kong. It attempts to examine how open space was understood, planned, and provided in different periods in Hong Kong. Open space is presumed to be influenced by the interplay of three main social forces, namely the government, the capitalists, and the people. The interplay of the three forces changes in different periods of time in Hong Kong, resulting in the changing meaning and transformation of open space in the aspects of locations, forms, distributions, and ways of provisions. My key arguments are as follows: In the pre-Second World War colonial period, extraction was regarded as the primary objective of the colonial government. Since the colonial atmosphere shared the idea of earning from re-exporting trade and temporal stay, public open space, except for private leisure facilities, was not truly a concern of any of the social groups. While recreational opportunities and open space were still necessary to attract foreign investments and provide political functions, the colonial government provided open space in a residual manner, utilizing urban fringe areas of Victoria City and existing land-uses for open space functions. To maximize the use of open space, though the government was reluctant to provide, open space was utilized for political functions to preach social conforming behaviours and Western lifestyle to the Chinese immigrants as well as to new Chinese generations. The post-Second World War open space development was characterized by an expansion of the scope of open space, as well as political reform of the municipal governments and the planning institution. Triggered by the large influx of Chinese refugees that migrated to Hong Kong and the rising population of the local-born Chinese youngsters, elected representatives were introduced to the municipal councils. These elected representatives endeavoured to urge the government to provide open space where available, persuading the government by giving new meanings to open space. The planning institution, however, continued to plan open space in a residual manner. Inspired by the Abercrombie Plan, open space was planned towards the countryside and new forms of open space were introduced to expand the scope of open space. The contemporary pattern of public open space is examined by quantitative analyses. Three kinds of open space are examined, namely zoned open space, administered public open space, and public open space within private developments. Results show that large-scale zoned open spaces tend to cluster in urban fringe areas and countryside, whereas zoned open spaces in urban areas tend to be fragmentary. Waterfront and coastal areas, whether in urban or rural areas, are commonly utilized for open space purposes. These findings echo the planning strategy, aiming at shifting open space from the inner urban areas to the urban fringe and rural areas. Admin

Download or read book Privately Owned Public Space written by Jerold S. Kayden and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2000-11-10 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In New York - wie auch in vielen anderen Großstädten - wächst die Zahl der öffentlichen Plätze, die Privatpersonen gehören und auch privat betrieben werden. Als Gegenleistung für die Schaffung dieser Plätze und Einrichtungen, erhalten die Erbauer von der Stadt Sonderkonzessionen (in der Regel für die Gebäudehöhe). Dieses Buch dokumentiert und beschreibt anhand von Fotos, Lageplänen und Karten über 300 öffentliche Plätze in New York, die in privater Hand sind. Zu den bekanntesten zählen u.a. das Trump Tower Atrium, die Sony Arkade und die Citicorp Mall. Jede Beschreibung enthält Informationen zu Größe, Fertigstellungsdatum, Architekten/Landschaftsarchitekten, Gebäudeeigentümer, Öffnungszeiten und Lage. Zu den Abbildungen gehört jeweils ein Foto sowie eine maßstabsgetreue Zeichnung, die verdeutlichen, wie sich der Bau in die angrenzende Gebäude-/Straßenlandschaft einpaßt. (y05/00)

Download or read book ASSESSING THE PUBLICNESS OF TH written by Shan Zhong and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Assessing the Publicness of the Public Open Space in Private Developments (POSPD) in Hong Kong" by Shan, Zhong, 鍾珊, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: "Publicness" as the fundamental value of the urban public space, plays an important role to promote the quality of public space as well as highlight the values of fairness and justice in the social development. Since public open space in private development (POSPD) has been introduced to Hong Kong a new type of public space, this approach has been questioned by the public as it affects the rights of the public to enjoy the open space. So with the increasing development and decreasing public open space, it is urgent to review the quality of POSPD as well as assess the publicness of POSPD for future provision. The study aims to generate an assessment of the publicness of public open space in private development (POSPD) in Hong Kong. In a way approaching to overseas attempts in assessing the publicness, the dissertation would like to fill the gap in assessing the publicness of POSPD in Hong Kong. Except for key concepts reviewed for generating better understanding, the study also conduct an evaluation of general features of POSPD in Hong Kong as well as a questionnaire survey on public's aspirations. The degree of publicness also measured through five case studies for getting insights of the real practices. It is concluded that the degree of publicness varies a lot in different functional areas. POSPDs in commercial and office development project commonly show a higher degree of publicness than in residential development project. The differences are mainly presented in aspects of physical configuration, control and civility. And there is still a disparity between the real practices and the public's aspirations on the POSPD. In related with the outcomes, issues diminishing the publicness of POSPD and corresponding recommendations are attributed to three aspects, design, management and institutional and policy perspectives. It is recommended that in the future provision of POSPD, issues are supposed to be overcome by concerning the public needs in the process of design, adopting people-oriented approach and searching for "win-win" approach in the management as well as improving the governance and regulatory control mechanism. Subjects: Open spaces - China - Hong Kong

Download or read book Public Open Space in Private Developments Design and Management Guidelines written by Hong Kong Development Bureau and published by . This book was released on 2010* with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Privately Owned Public Space written by Jerold S. Kayden and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2000-11-06 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As cities around the world seek new ways to improve their physical, social, and economic environments, they are paying greater attention to the value of public space. Provision of new plazas and parks, reclamation of existing waterfronts, and beautification of public streets are all increasingly viewed as important strategies for enhancing the quality of urban living. With scarce public dollars available, cities are teaming with the private sector in innovative public-private partnerships to fund these approaches. One of the most significant public-private partnerships to obtain urban public space has been pioneered in New York City under the rubric of privately owned public space. Since 1961, hundreds of office and residential towers have received zoning floor area bonuses to encourage the provision of a wide variety of outdoor and indoor spaces — plazas, arcades, atriums — that are legally required to be open and accessible to the public. At their best, these spaces marry aesthetics with function, offering unique physical and social environments within a densely packed urban center. At their worst, they are barren, unusable surfaces or privatizedby-management spaces that diminish the spirit underlying the laws that created them. Until now, comprehensive, systematic knowledge about this vast collection of public spaces has not existed, either for experts or members of the public. To remedy this gap, Harvard University professor Jerold S. Kayden, The New York City Department of City Planning, and The Municipal Art Society of New York have joined forces to research and write Privately Owned Public Space: The New York City Experience. Through words, photographs, scaled site plans, maps, and analysis of newly assembled data, they examine the history, law, design, and use of the city’s privately owned public spaces. Each of the more than 500 spaces is individually discussed to provide far-reaching comparative information about this unique category of public space. In reading this book, designers, planners, lawyers, and academics will gain greater understanding about the possibilities and problems inherent in the design, management, and enforcement of privately owned public space. Public officials, private owners, and civic group representatives will learn more about their roles in ensuring public access and vitality of such spaces. Individuals will discover where New York City’s public spaces are located and what amenities they offer. Everyone will comprehend more completely the contribution that privately owned public space can make toward open and attractive cities in which all individuals have access to a diversity of public places.

Download or read book Futureproof City written by Barry D. Wilson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Futureproof City creates adaptability and resiliency in the face of the unknown challenges resulting from technological change, population explosion, global pandemic, and environmental crisis. A paradigm shift is urgently required in the means of conceiving, delivering, and managing city development to create better places to live. This book brings to the fore many new solutions currently being proposed and piloted globally, identifying ten key areas affecting the physical fabric of our cities where governments, planners, investors, and the individuals responsible for shaping lives can refocus their understanding, priorities, and funding in order to more effectively utilise the limited financial, natural, and time resources available. It will be key reading for every policy maker and professional working in sustainability, development, technology, health and welfare, investment, and risk issues in cities today.

Download or read book Open Spaces written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Urban and Rural America Policies for Future Growth written by United States. Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Streamlining Local Regulations written by Stuart S. Hershey and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Housing Legislation of 1961 Hearings Before a Subcommittee of 87 1 April 4 20 1961 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking and Currency and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 1074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Review of Current Public Open Space Provision in Residential Developments of the Housing Commission Victoria written by Prabhati Milton and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Enabling Eco Cities written by Dominique Hes and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-27 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cities are striving to become more resilient, adaptive and sustainable; this requires new ways of governing and developing the city. This book features chapters by researchers using regenerative development and transitions theories to envisage how Eco-Cities could be planned, designed and created, and concludes with practical tools and an outline of how this evolution could be facilitated. It examines two major questions: How can we use understandings of Eco-Cities to address the legacy of urban built form and existing practices which often make it difficult to create the systemic changes needed? And what are the elements of complex urban places and spaces that will enable the planning, creation and evolution of thriving cities? The book will appeal to planners, city makers, urban researchers, students and practitioners, including planners, designers, architects and sustainability managers, and all those seeking to envisage the steps along the path to thriving cities of the future.

Download or read book The Greening of London 1920 2000 written by Matti O. Hannikainen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-term development of public green spaces such as parks, public gardens, and recreation grounds in London during the twentieth century is a curiously neglected subject, despite the fact that various kinds of green spaces cover huge areas in cities in the UK today. This book explores how and why public green spaces have been created and used in London, and what actors have been involved in their evolution, during the course of the twentieth century. Building on case studies of the contemporary boroughs of Camden and Southwark and making use of a wealth of archival material, the author takes us through the planning and creation stages, to the intended (and actual) uses and ongoing management of the spaces. By highlighting the rise and fall of municipal authorities and the impact of neo-liberalism after the 1970s, the book also deepens our understanding of how London has been governed, planned and ruled during the twentieth century. It makes a crucial contribution to academic as well as political discourse on the history and present role of green space in sustainable cities.