Download or read book Production and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Waste Tyre Char by Steam Activation written by Kit Ying Yeung and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Production of Activated Carbon from Used Tires by Superheated Steam and Carvon Dioxide Activation in a Fixed Bed Reactor written by Thanapon Lortong and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research was the study of the production of activated carbon from used tires by the processes of carbonization and activation with superheated steam and carbon dioxide in a fixed bed reactor with the diameter of 100 mm. The used tires were carbonized at 350 C for 60 min with the air flow rate of 0.52 nl/min. The characteristics of the resulted chars were yield of 41.40%, fixed carbon of 62.57%, ash of 15.30% and volatile matter of 22.13%. Then, the chars were activated with superheated steam and carbon dioxide. The optimum condition for activation was 0.60-1.18 mm of the chars size at 900 C for 45 min with air at a flow rate of 0.27 nl/min, carbon dioxide at a flow rate of 2.0 nl/min and superheated steam. The resulted activated carbon obtained yield of 27.99%, bulk density of 0.3590 g/cm3, ash of 21.05%, iodine number of 598.79 mg/g, methylene blue number of 247.08 mg/g, B.E.T. surface area of 658.75 m2/g, micropore area of 424.27 m2/g, external area of 234.48 m2/g and average pore diameter of 22.24 A.
Download or read book Nanostructured Catalysts written by Susannah L. Scott and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-04-06 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the recent advent of nanotechnology, research and development in the area of nanostructured materials has gained unprecedented prominence. Novel materials with potentially exciting new applications are being discovered at a much higher rate than ever before. Innovative tools to fabricate, manipulate, characterize and evaluate such materials are being developed and expanded. To keep pace with this extremely rapid growth, it is necessary to take a breath from time to time, to critically assess the current knowledge and provide thoughts for future developments. This book represents one of these moments, as a number of prominent scientists in nanostructured materials join forces to provide insightful reviews of their areas of expertise, thus offering an overall picture of the state-- the art of the field. Nanostructured materials designate an increasing number of materials with designed shapes, surfaces, structures, pore systems, etc. Nanostructured materials with modified surfaces include those whose surfaces have been altered via such techniques as grafting and tethering of organic or organometallic species, or through various deposition procedures including electro, electroless and vapor deposition, or simple adsorption. These materials find important applications in catalysis, separation and environmental remediation. Materials with patterned surfaces, which are essential for the optoelectronics industry, constitute another important class of surface-modified nanostructured materials. Other materials are considered nanostructured because of their composition and internal organization.
Download or read book Preparation and Evaluation of Activated Carbon Produced from Municipal Refuse written by Michael King Stevenson and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physical and Chemical Characterization and Upgrading of Char Derived from Scrap Tires by Ultra fast Pyrolysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Powder Surface Area and Porosity written by S. Lowell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid growth of interest in powders and their surface properties in many diverse industries prompted the writing of this book for those who have the need to make meaningful measurements without the benefit of years of experience. It is intended as an introduction to some of the elementary theory and experimental methods used to study the surface area, porosity and density of powders. It may be found useful by those with little or no training in solid surfaces who have the need to quickly learn the rudiments of surface area, density and pore-size measurements. Syosset, New York S. Lowell May, 1983 J. E. Shields Xl List of symbols Use of symbols for purposes other than those indicated in the following list are so defined in the text. Some symbols not shown in this list are defined in the text. d adsorbate cross-sectional area A area; condensation coefficient; collision frequency C BET constant c concentration D diameter; coefficient of thermal diffusion E adsorption potential f permeability aspect factor F flow rate; force; feed rate 9 gravitational constant G Gibbs free energy GS free surface energy h heat of immersion per unit area; height H enthalpy Hi heat of immersion Hsv heat of adsorption BET intercept; filament current k thermal conductivity; specific reaction rate K Harkins-Jura constant I length L heat of liquefaction M mass M molecular weight n number of moles N number of molecules; number of particles N Avagadro's number .
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon Using Waste Tyre Impregnated Na0H written by Wan Fatihah binti Wan Latip and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Activated Carbon Adsorption written by Roop Chand Bansal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-05-24 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High surface area, a microporous structure, and a high degree of surface reactivity make activated carbons versatile adsorbents, particularly effective in the adsorption of organic and inorganic pollutants from aqueous solutions. Activated Carbon Adsorption introduces the parameters and mechanisms involved in the activated carbon adsorption
Download or read book Recent Perspectives in Pyrolysis Research written by Mattia Bartoli and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-04-13 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent Perspectives in Pyrolysis Research presents and discusses different routes of pyrolytic conversions. It contains exhaustive and comprehensive reports and studies of the use of pyrolysis for energy and materials production and waste management.
Download or read book Production of Activated Carbon from Palm oil Shell by Pyrolysis and Steam Activation in a Fixed Bed Reactor written by Terachai Suravattanasakul and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research objective was to produce activated carbon from palm-oil shells by one step pyrolysis and steam activation in a fixed bed reactor with the diameter of 100 mm. The studied variables were temperatures, times, palm-oil shells sizes and flow rates of air. The results showed that the optimum condition was 1.18-2.36 mm of palm-oil shells at 750 C for 2 hr with air flow rate of 0.72 nl/min, using steam as an activating agent. The characteristics of the resulted activated carbon with the yield of 19.66% were bulk density of 0.5160 g/cm3, 6.03% ash, iodine number of 620.16 mg/g, methylene blue number of 176.75 mg/g and 559.48 m2/g B.E.T. surface area. In addition, it had been found that when there was an adding of pyrolysis time with air before steam activation led to higher porosity development than one step pyrolysis and steam activation. From these experimental data, it was observed that the maximum surface area and adsorption capacity could be obtained from using 200 g of 1.18-2.36 mm of palm-oil shells at 750 C for 3 hr by adding pyrolysis with air for 30 min (0.72 nl/min) before steam activation. The resulting characteristics of the final product with the yield of 12.18% were bulk density of 0.5048 g/cm3, 7.54% ash, iodine number of 766.99 mg/g, methylene blue number of 189.20 mg/g and 669.75 m2/g B.E.T. surface area.
Download or read book Production of Activated Carbons from Pyrolytic Char for Environmental Applications written by Anastasia Colomba and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomass pyrolysis has the potential to become a major component of future biorefineries, since biomass is cracked to produce gases, liquid products (bio-oil) and solid products (bio-char). In order for the process to be economically feasible, it is necessary to obtain the maximum value from each stream, thus no by-product can be regarded as a waste. Bio-char is normally regarded as a by-product of fast pyrolysis, which is optimized to target biooil production. However, there are many potentially attractive applications for it: for example, it can be used for the production of activated carbons, which are the most commonly used adsorbent materials. In this study, a new reactor technology developed at ICFAR, the Jiggled Bed Reactor (JBR) is employed as a fast and reliable tool for the optimization of the production of activated carbons from biomass. Due to its excellent heating system, both slow and fast pyrolysis conditions can be achieved, and activation can be carried out. The results obtained in the JBR show good comparison with larger scale reactors, thus allowing the screening of new pyrolysis and activation conditions as well as different feedstocks in a fast and reliable way The impact of the type of feedstock, activation and pyrolysis conditions (fast/slow) on the final product characteristic and activation kinetics are studied. Finally, the performance of activated carbons produced in the JBR as adsorbents is evaluated for different environmental applications, such as the removal of ammonia and mercury from wastewater and of naphthenic acids from Oil Sands Process-affected water (OSPW). In particular, activated carbon produced from Kraft lignin is shown to outperform commercial activated carbon for wastewater treatment applications.
Download or read book Production Characterization and Applications of Activated Carbon written by Eric Paul Leimkuehler and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis investigates the production of activated carbon, an environmentally friendly adsorbent which is used in many industries. Activated carbon can be derived from many different sources and produced in varying production processes. The raw materials used, activation process, and process parameters determine the physical properties and performance characteristics of the resulting carbon. Modifying these activation properties determines the porosity and pore volume distribution in the carbon. In preparation for commercial production, detailed mass balances are needed to quantify yield, quantify the masses of waste streams, understand the propensity to recycle the KOH, and to provide a benchmark for further optimization. A mass balance on the reaction of phosphoric acid and KOH with carbon is provided. Additionally, analyzing carbons can be expensive and time consuming, making it important to identify physical properties which indicate that a carbon may have favorable performance characteristics. The following paper proposes three ways of screening carbons: observing the mass loss in the chemical activation process, measuring the density of the carbon, and testing the methane uptake of the carbon in a rapid uptake fixture. Carbons made from different precursors, reacted with different activating agents, and heated at different process temperatures for different process hold times were analyzed.
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon Using Waste Tyre Impregnated with H3P04 written by Siti Zaleha Binti Ahmad and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radiation Technologies and Applications in Materials Science written by Subhendu Ray Chowdhury and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-30 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains various kinds of non-ionizing and high-energy radiations, their interaction with materials and chemical reactions, and conditions of various kinds of materials development technologies including applications. It covers a processing-structure-property relationship and radiations used in developing many advanced materials used in various fields. It highlights application-oriented materials synthesis and modification covering a wide variety of materials such as plastics, rubber, thermo-set, ceramics, and so forth by various radiations. Features: Explains ionizing and non-ionizing radiation-assisted materials development technologies, for polymers, ceramics, metals, and carbons. Covers radiation-assisted synthesis, processing, and modification of all kinds of materials. Provides comparative studies, merits, demerits, and applications very systematically. Criss-crosses polymers science and technology, radiation technology, advanced materials technology, biomaterials technology, and so forth. Includes a section on 3D printing by LASER melting of CoCr alloys. This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in materials science, radiation chemistry and physics, and polymer and other materials processing.
Download or read book Carbon Black written by Jean-Baptiste Donnet and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this reference provides comprehensive examinations of developments in the processing and applications of carbon black, including the use of new analytical tools such as scanning tunnelling microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and inverse gas chromatography.;Completely rewritten and updated by numerous experts in the field to reflect the enormous growth of the field since the publication of the previous edition, Carbon Black: discusses the mechanism of carbon black formation based on recent advances such as the discovery of fullerenes; elucidates micro- and macrostructure morphology and other physical characteristics; outlines the fractal geometry of carbon black as a new approach to characterization; reviews the effect of carbon black on the electrical and thermal conductivity of filled polymers; delineates the applications of carbon black in elastomers, plastics, and zerographic toners; and surveys possible health consequences of exposure to carbon black.;With over 1200 literature citations, tables, and figures, this resource is intended for physical, polymer, surface and colloid chemists; chemical and plastics engineers; spectroscopists; materials scientists; occupational safety and health physicians; and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.
Download or read book Waste Water Recycling and Management written by Sadhan Kumar Ghosh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-24 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gathers high-quality research papers presented at the Seventh International Conference on Solid Waste Management, held at Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad on December 15–17, 2017. The Conference, IconSWM 2017, is an official side event of the high-level Intergovernmental Eighth Regional 3R Forum in Asia and the Pacific. As a pre-event of the Eighth Regional 3R Forum, it also aims to generate scientific inputs to the policy consultation of the Eighth Regional 3R Forum co-organized by the UNCRD/UNDESA, MoEFCC India, MOUD India and MOEJ, Japan. Researchers from more than 30 countries presented their work on Solid Waste Management. The book is divided into three volumes and addresses various issues related to innovation and implementation in sustainable waste management, segregation, collection, transportation of waste, treatment technologies, policy and strategies, energy recovery and resource circulation, life cycle analysis, climate change, research and business opportunities.
Download or read book Composite Materials written by It Meng Low and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-06-18 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composite materials have been well developed to meet the challenges of high-performing material properties targeting engineering and structural applications. The ability of composite materials to absorb stresses and dissipate strain energy is vastly superior to that of other materials such as polymers and ceramics, and thus they offer engineers many mechanical, thermal, chemical and damage-tolerance advantages with limited drawbacks such as brittleness. Composite Materials: Manufacturing, Properties and Applications presents a comprehensive review of current status and future directions, latest technologies and innovative work, challenges and opportunities for composite materials. The chapters present latest advances and comprehensive coverage of material types, design, fabrication, modelling, properties and applications from conventional composite materials to advanced composites such as nanocomposites, self-healing and smart composites. The book targets researchers in the field of advanced composite materials and ceramics, students of materials science and engineering at the postgraduate level, as well as material engineers and scientists working in industrial R& D sectors for composite material manufacturing. - Comprehensive coverage of material types, design, fabrication, modelling, properties and applications from conventional composite materials to advanced composites such as nanocomposites, self-healing and smart composites - Features latest advances in terms of mechanical properties and other material parameters which are essential for designers and engineers in the composite and composite reinforcement manufacturing industry, as well as all those with an academic research interest in the subject - Offers a good platform for end users to refer to the latest technologies and topics fitting into specific applications and specific methods to tackle manufacturing or material processing issues in relation to different types of composite materials
