Download or read book Processing Varieties in English written by Marcia Macaulay and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study of oral and written speech in English examines media as processing varieties and looks at their interaction with genre. To date, the study of orality and literacy in English has been unsystematic; findings in turn have been inconsistent and contradictory. In this treatment, clear methodological parameters have been set up to ensure accurate and significant findings. All texts used are parallel texts arising out of the same or similar context of situation. With this methodology, ideational meaning is clearly distinguished from textual meaning. Moreover, media and genre, two aspects of textual meaning, are distinguished so that representative features of each are isolated. Lastly, all texts are naturally occurring across representative genres. With such distinctions and criteria in place, the important interaction of media with genre is examined, while the character of oral and written speech as processing varieties is revealed. Above all, this study demonstrates the non-neutrality of oral and written speech as language varieties. Especially important is the resultative/causative split between them in the representation of events. Written speech is not oral speech 'written down' as Bloomfield and de Saussure originally claimed, but a very different system of syntactic and discourse organization which influences how we represent and see the world. Both varieties strongly influence the semantic content and generic function of any text they convey indicating very significant interplay of semantic variables in the processing of language. Processing Varieties in English contributes to a wide range of linguistic areas and topics, including discourse analysis, socio-psycholinguistics, and cognitive science.
Download or read book Similar Languages Varieties and Dialects written by Marcos Zampieri and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-09-02 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studying language variation requires comprehensive interdisciplinary knowledge and new computational tools. This essential reference introduces researchers and graduate students in computer science, linguistics, and NLP to the core topics in language variation and the computational methods applied to similar languages, varieties, and dialects.
Download or read book South and Southeast Asian Psycholinguistics written by Heather Winskel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking volume explores the languages of South and Southeast Asia, which differ significantly from Indo-European languages in their grammar, lexicon and spoken forms. This book raises new questions in psycholinguistics and enables readers to re-evaluate previous models in light of new research.
Download or read book Preferred Argument Structure written by John W. Du Bois and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preferred Argument Structure offers a profound insight into the relationship between language use and grammatical structure. In his original publication on Preferred Argument Structure, Du Bois (1987) demonstrated the power of this perspective by using it to explain the origins of ergativity and ergative marking systems. Since this work, the general applicability of Preferred Argument Structure has been demonstrated in studies of language after language. In this collection, the authors move beyond verifying Preferred Argument Structure as a property of a given language. They use the methodology to reveal more subtle aspects of the patterns, for example, to look across languages, diachronically or synchronically, to examine particular grammatical relations, and to examine special populations or particular genres. This volume will appeal to linguists interested in the relationship of pragmatics and grammar generally, in the typology of grammatical relations, and in explanations derived from data- and corpus-based approaches to analysis.
Download or read book Introduction to International Varieties of English written by Laurie Bauer and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-09 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at native speaker varieties of English, considering how and why they differ in terms of their pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary and spelling. It shows how the major national varieties of English have developed, why similar causes have given rise to different effects in different parts of the world, and how the same problems of description arise in relation to all 'colonial' Englishes.It covers varieties of English spoken in Britain, the USA, Canada, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand and the Falkland Islands.Key FeaturesIntroductory text, presupposes a minimum of previous knowledgeFocuses on common traits rather than on individual varietiesInformed by latest research on dialect mixingExercises included with each chapterReferences for further reading in each chapter
Download or read book Rules and Meanings written by Mary Douglas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1973, Rules and Meanings is an anthology of works that form part of Mary Douglas' struggle to devise an anthropological modernism conducive to her opposition to reputedly modernizing trends in contemporary society. The collection contains works by Wittgenstein, Schutz, Husserl, Hertz and other continentals. The underlying themes of the anthology are the construction of meaning, the force of hidden background assumptions, tacit conventions and the power of spatial organization to reinforce words. The work serves to complement the philosophers' work on everyday language with the anthropologists' theory of everyday knowledge.
Download or read book Finite State Text Processing written by Kyle Gorman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Weighted finite-state transducers (WFSTs) are commonly used by engineers and computational linguists for processing and generating speech and text. This book first provides a detailed introduction to this formalism. It then introduces Pynini, a Python library for compiling finite-state grammars and for combining, optimizing, applying, and searching finite-state transducers. This book illustrates this library's conventions and use with a series of case studies. These include the compilation and application of context-dependent rewrite rules, the construction of morphological analyzers and generators, and text generation and processing applications.
Download or read book The Handbook of Language Variation and Change written by J. K. Chambers and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflecting a multitude of developments in the study of language change and variation over the last ten years, this extensively updated second edition features a number of new chapters and remains the authoritative reference volume on a core research area in linguistics. A fully revised and expanded edition of this acclaimed reference work, which has established its reputation based on its unrivalled scope and depth of analysis in this interdisciplinary field Includes seven new chapters, while the remainder have undergone thorough revision and updating to incorporate the latest research and reflect numerous developments in the field Accessibly structured by theme, covering topics including data collection and evaluation, linguistic structure, language and time, language contact, language domains, and social differentiation Brings together an experienced, international editorial and contributor team to provides an unrivalled learning, teaching and reference tool for researchers and students in sociolinguistics
Download or read book New Perspectives on Irish English written by Bettina Migge and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together current research by international scholars on the varieties of English spoken in Ireland. The papers apply contemporary theoretical and methodological approaches and frameworks to a range of topics. A number of papers explore the distribution of linguistic features in Irish English, including the evolution of linguistic structures in Irish English and linguistic change in progress, employing broadly quantitative sociolinguistic approaches. Pragmatic features of Irish English are explored through corpus linguistics-based analysis. The construction of linguistic corpora using written and recorded material form the focus of other papers, extending and analyzing the growing range of corpus material available to researchers of varieties of English, including diaspora varieties. Issues of language and identity in contemporary Ireland are explored in several contributions using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The volume will be of interest to linguists generally, and to scholars with an interest in varieties of English.
Download or read book Talk that Counts written by Ronald K. S. Macaulay and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-01-13 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here the author provides a new way of examining sociolinguistic variation. Using a sample from 33 speakers of English in Glasgow, he offers a new methodological paradigm to an audience of sociolinguists and others concerned with discourse analysis.
Download or read book Process and Experience in the Language Classroom written by Michael Legutke and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-06 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Process and Experience in the Language Classroom argues the case for communicative language teaching as an experiential and task driven learning process. The authors raise important questions regarding the theoretical discussion of communicative competence and current classroom practice. They propose ways in which Communicative Language Teaching should develop within an educational model of theory and practice, incorporating traditions of experimental and practical learning and illustrated from a wide range of international sources. Building on a critical review of recent language teaching principles and practice, they provide selection criteria for classroom activities based on a typology of communicative tasks drawn from classroom experience. The authors also discuss practical attempts to utilise project tasks both as a means of realising task based language learning and of redefining the roles of teacher and learner within a jointly constructed curriculum.
Download or read book Varieties of English written by Bernd Kortmann and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vol. 3: Covers the phonology, morphology and syntax of varieties of English in Pacific and Australasia. This work includes exercises and study questions that can be used for classroom assignments as well as for self study. It includes an interactive CD-ROM which contains sound samples, speech recordings, interactive and synchronized maps.
Download or read book The future of dialects written by Marie-Hélène Côté and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2016-02-05 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional dialects have been encroached upon by the increasing mobility of their speakers and by the onslaught of national languages in education and mass media. Typically, older dialects are “leveling” to become more like national languages. This is regrettable when the last articulate traces of a culture are lost, but it also promotes a complex dynamics of interaction as speakers shift from dialect to standard and to intermediate compromises between the two in their forms of speech. Varieties of speech thus live on in modern communities, where they still function to mark provenance, but increasingly cultural and social provenance as opposed to pure geography. They arise at times from the need to function throughout the different groups in society, but they also may have roots in immigrants’ speech, and just as certainly from the ineluctable dynamics of groups wishing to express their identity to themselves and to the world. The future of dialects is a selection of the papers presented at Methods in Dialectology XV, held in Groningen, the Netherlands, 11-15 August 2014. While the focus is on methodology, the volume also includes specialized studies on varieties of Catalan, Breton, Croatian, (Belgian) Dutch, English (in the US, the UK and in Japan), German (including Swiss German), Italian (including Tyrolean Italian), Japanese, and Spanish as well as on heritage languages in Canada.
Download or read book Changing English written by Markku Filppula and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the special nature of English both as a global and a local language, focusing on some of the ongoing changes and on the emerging new structural and discoursal characteristics of varieties of English. Although it is widely recognised that processes of language change and contact bear affinities, for example, to processes observable in second-language acquisition and lingua franca use, the research into these fields has so far not been sufficiently brought into contact with each other. The articles in this volume set out to combine all these perspectives in ways that give us a better understanding of the changing nature of English in the modern world.
Download or read book Gogaku Kenky written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Processing Varieties in English written by Marcia Irene Macaulay and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study of oral and written speech in English examines media asprocessing varieties and looks at their interaction with genre. Todate, the study of orality and literacy in English has beenunsystematic; findings in turn have been inconsistent andcontradictory. In this treatment, clear methodological parameters have been set upto ensure accurate and significant findings. All texts used areparallel texts arising out of the same or similar context of situation.With this methodology, ideational meaning is clearly distinguished fromtextual meaning. Moreover, media and genre, two aspects of textualmeaning, are distinguished so that representative features of each areisolated. Lastly, all texts are naturally occurring acrossrepresentative genres. With such distinctions and criteria in place,the important interaction of media with genre is examined, while thecharacter of oral and written speech as processing varieties isrevealed. Above all, this study demonstrates the non-neutrality of oral andwritten speech as language varieties. Especially important is theresultative/causative split between them in the representation ofevents. Written speech is not oral speech 'written down' asBloomfield and de Saussure originally claimed, but a very differentsystem of syntactic and discourse organization which influences how werepresent and see the world. Both varieties strongly influence thesemantic content and generic function of any text they conveyindicating very significant interplay of semantic variables in theprocessing of language. Processing Varieties in English contributes to a wide rangeof linguistic areas and topics, including discourse analysis,socio-psycholinguistics, and cognitive science.
Download or read book A General and Unified Theory of the Transmission Process in Language Contact written by Frans van Coetsem and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
