Download or read book Probing the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Using Remotely Piloted Aircraft With Special Regard to the Morning Transition and Wind Energy Research written by Norman Wildmann and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atmospheric Measurements with Unmanned Aerial Systems UAS written by Marcelo I. Guzman and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-03-02 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first literature collection focused on the development and implementation of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) and their integration with sensors for atmospheric measurements on Earth. The research covered in the book combines chemical, physical, and meteorological measurements performed in field campaigns, as well as conceptual and laboratory work. Useful examples for the development of platforms and autonomous systems for environmental studies are provided, which demonstrate how careful the operation of sensors aboard UAS must be to gather information for remote sensing in the atmosphere. The work serves as a key collection of articles to introduce the topic to new researchers interested in the field, guide future studies, and motivate measurements to improve our understanding of the Earth’s complex atmosphere.
Download or read book An Aircraft Investigation of Turbulence in the Lower Layers of a Marine Boundary Layer written by Robert Louis Grossman and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Atmospheric Boundary Layer written by J. R. Garratt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-04-21 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gives a comprehensive and lucid account of the science of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). There is an emphasis on the application of the ABL to numerical modelling of the climate. The book comprises nine chapters, several appendices (data tables, information sources, physical constants) and an extensive reference list. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction, with chapters 2 and 3 dealing with the development of mean and turbulence equations, and the many scaling laws and theories that are the cornerstone of any serious ABL treatment. Modelling of the ABL is crucially dependent for its realism on the surface boundary conditions, and chapters 4 and 5 deal with aerodynamic and energy considerations, with attention to both dry and wet land surfaces and sea. The structure of the clear-sky, thermally stratified ABL is treated in chapter 6, including the convective and stable cases over homogeneous land, the marine ABL and the internal boundary layer at the coastline. Chapter 7 then extends the discussion to the cloudy ABL. This is seen as particularly relevant, since the extensive stratocumulus regions over the subtropical oceans and stratus regions over the Arctic are now identified as key players in the climate system. Finally, chapters 8 and 9 bring much of the book's material together in a discussion of appropriate ABL and surface parameterization schemes in general circulation models of the atmosphere that are being used for climate simulation.
Download or read book Airborne Measurement of Small scale Turbulence with Special Regard to the Polar Boundary Layer written by Aline van den Kroonenberg and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Conditions for Wind Energy Applications written by Charlotte Bay Hasager and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-05-24 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue “Atmospheric Conditions for Wind Energy Applications” hosts papers on aspects of remote sensing for atmospheric conditions for wind energy applications. Wind lidar technology is presented from a theoretical view on the coherent focused Doppler lidar principles. Furthermore, wind lidar for applied use for wind turbine control, wind farm wake, and gust characterizations is presented, as well as methods to reduce uncertainty when using lidar in complex terrain. Wind lidar observations are used to validate numerical model results. Wind Doppler lidar mounted on aircraft used for observing winds in hurricane conditions and Doppler radar on the ground used for very short-term wind forecasting are presented. For the offshore environment, floating lidar data processing is presented as well as an experiment with wind-profiling lidar on a ferry for model validation. Assessments of wind resources in the coastal zone using wind-profiling lidar and global wind maps using satellite data are presented.
Download or read book Survey on Effect of Surface Winds on Aircraft Design and Operation and Recommendations for Needed Wind Research written by John C. Houbolt and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Excitation of Boundary layer Turbulence Through Spark Discharges written by Enrique J. Klein and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Some Measurements of a Wake boundary Layer Interaction written by R. Eichhorn and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When a strut or other object is attached to a surface along which a fluid flows, the strut disturbs the boundary layer flow and the wake region of the strut interacts with the boundary layer along the surface giving rise to complicated three dimensional effects. In the present paper these effects were investigated for the geometry consisting of a 2 in. diameter cylinder in uniform axial flow to which was attached normally a 3/16 inch diameter dowel forming a strut. The measurements reported include both static and total pressure surveys in the wake-boundary layer region behind the strut. The resulting wake velocity profiles far from the interaction region behave normally but those within this region do note. The existence of vortices is in some cases clearly seen.
Download or read book Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements written by Thomas Foken and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 1761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical handbook provides a clearly structured, concise and comprehensive account of the huge variety of atmospheric and related measurements relevant to meteorologists and for the purpose of weather forecasting and climate research, but also to the practitioner in the wider field of environmental physics and ecology. The Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements is divided into six parts: The first part offers instructive descriptions of the basics of atmospheric measurements and the multitude of their influencing factors, fundamentals of quality control and standardization, as well as equations and tables of atmospheric, water, and soil quantities. The subsequent parts present classical in-situ measurements as well as remote sensing techniques from both ground-based as well as airborn or satellite-based methods. The next part focusses on complex measurements and methods that integrate different techniques to establish more holistic data. Brief discussions of measurements in soils and water, at plants, in urban and rural environments and for renewable energies demonstrate the potential of such applications. The final part provides an overview of atmospheric and ecological networks. Written by distinguished experts from academia and industry, each of the 64 chapters provides in-depth discussions of the available devices with their specifications, aspects of quality control, maintenance as well as their potential for the future. A large number of thoroughly compiled tables of physical quantities, sensors and system characteristics make this handbook a unique, universal and useful reference for the practitioner and absolutely essential for researchers, students, and technicians.
Download or read book Outcomes of the DOE Workshop on Atmospheric Challenges for the Wind Energy Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Department of Energy-funded Mesoscale-to-Microscale Coupling (MMC) project team planned and conducted a virtual Workshop on Atmospheric Challenges for the Wind Energy Industry on October 19 and 20, 2020. The goal of the workshop was to forge a dialog with the community, including industry representatives, on how modeling tools are currently being used, the present active atmospheric modeling research in support of wind energy, and required advancements in capabilities and technology to continue to advance wind energy deployment. The workshop was planned in collaboration with an industry advisory panel that included representatives from wind power plant developers, turbine manufacturers, and companies that provide resource assessment and forecasting services. The format of the workshop included panels from government research sponsors, visionaries from industry, and mixed panels of researchers discussing research status and needs. A shared keynote presentation from the Technical University of Denmark experts anchored the second day of the workshop. An emphasis was placed on understanding the research needs in the offshore environment. In addition, breakout opportunities were provided each day. On the first day, the breakout discussions addressed predesigned questions configured to elicit participants' thoughts on needed research directions. The second-day breakouts treated three important technical topics through a combination of presentations and group conversations. Each workshop participant chose their breakout preference from among downscaling details, modeling for turbines, and using artificial intelligence for atmospheric modeling. The discussions were robust and productive. The outcomes of the workshop include archiving a series of recommendations from industry and the research community on research directions required to further advance wind energy deployment. Discussions confirmed the need for high-fidelity modeling but that there are specific areas of applicability and other areas where the time and cost of computation is prohibitive. In those cases, the high-fidelity models can inform low-order models that are more practical for real-time or widely deployed applications. Industry must consider the financial cost of performing more expensive modeling approaches, but industry engineers and researchers are using these approaches where there appears to be a return on investment. An emerging type of low-order model is based on machine learning (ML). Participants confirmed that there are many atmospheric phenomena that need to be modeled better, including low-level jets, cold air outbreaks, land-sea induced circulations, diurnal variability, thin stable boundary layers, dynamic changes such as from frontal passage, interaction of wakes and blockage, and more. For the offshore environment, there is wide agreement that some level of ocean-wave-atmospheric coupling is necessary to capture variations in rotor-level winds needed to plan and operate offshore wind plants. Another recurring recommendation is that more observations are needed, particularly for the offshore environment. Those observations should consider the needs for model improvement, both for physically based models and for ML models. Observations must capture atmospheric profiles of variables that are important to understanding and modeling atmospheric and oceanic phenomena that impact boundary layer winds. Models must be validated with data and the uncertainty quantified, particularly those that are sensitive to initial and boundary conditions. Finally, a repeated request was to consider the holistic needs of hybrid plants of wind, solar, and storage resources because those types of plants are likely to be the wave of the future. In addition, industry wishes to understand impacts of the resource under a changing climate for long-term planning. PDFs of the presentations and videos of many of them are archived at https://ral.ucar.edu/events/2020/atmo.
Download or read book Meteorological monitoring guidance for regulatory modeling applications written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2000 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atmospheric Mesostructure and Clear Air Turbulence written by Gary J. Thompson and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mesoscale atmospheric structure in and around regions of clear air turbulence (CAT) is investigated. It is shown that the formation and dissipation of clear air turbulence at several different altitudes is closely related to changes in the atmospheric mesostructure. The turbulence is located in the region of two sloping boroclinic zones and can be attributed to Kelvin-Helmholtz instability resulting from strong wind directional oscillations between these two stable layers. The meteorological sounding data reveal that the lower stable layer and the layer of strong directional oscillations undergo significant upward vertical displacement. The change in turbulence activity can be directly correlated with this motion, and the breakdown of the turbulence and the double stability structure occur almost simultaneously. (Author).
Download or read book Flight Stability and Automatic Control written by Robert C. Nelson and published by WCB/McGraw-Hill. This book was released on 1998 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Flight Stability and Automatic Control presents an organized introduction to the useful and relevant topics necessary for a flight stability and controls course. Not only is this text presented at the appropriate mathematical level, it also features standard terminology and nomenclature, along with expanded coverage of classical control theory, autopilot designs, and modern control theory. Through the use of extensive examples, problems, and historical notes, author Robert Nelson develops a concise and vital text for aircraft flight stability and control or flight dynamics courses.
Download or read book International Workshop on the Airborne Measurement of Wind Turbulence and Position written by H. P. Fimpel and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research on Various Aspects of Atmospheric Flight written by J. H. Deleeuw and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research has studied aerodynamic problems in upper atmospheric flight and the disturbed flight of aircraft due to low level turbulence during the approach phase. Individual project summaries include: (1) Calculations have been made for low speed sphere drag in transition flow; experiments confirm the theoretical predictions; (2) An electron beam doppler profile apparatus has been used to delineate the shape of the distribution function in a heat transfer problem indicating its progressive nonequilibrium nature as the degree of rarefaction increased; (3) An electron beam fluorescence instrument has been designed for rocketborne use to measure upper atmospheric concentrations of nitrogen, molecular oxygen, atomic oxygen, rotational and vibrational temperatures; a number of launches have been made on Black Brant rockets from Fort Churchill (AD 033 680); (4) A laser-doppler instrument has been constructed and checked out as a means of remotely measuring turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer; and (5) Wind tunnel measurements in a controlled turbulent shear flow have been made along representative flight paths for STOL vehicles to provide an input to predict dispersions of the landing point.
