Download or read book Pricing Cost Recovery and Production Efficiency in Transport written by Rachel E. Kranton and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public sector pricing policies may undermine incentives to reduce costs. Therefore measures to promote cost reduction should be part of any pricing policy reform designed to increase cost recovery.
Download or read book Pricing and Cost Recovery in Long Distance Transport written by David Starkie and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1977 BTE Report on Cost Recovery in Australian Transport 1974-75 provided estimates of the aggregate level of financial cos~ recovery in the various modes, by broad transport task. It suggested that there were substantial differences between modes in the level of cost recovery. The 1979 Transport Pricing and Cost Recovery seminar concluded that economic efficiency objectives required more attention 1n transport pricing and investment decisions than had been apparent in the past. The principles for economically efficient pricing were spelt out, and several specific issues were identified, which are worth following up in this seminar. These include reconciliation of financial and econom1C efficiency objectives and the identification of appropriate revenue targets; specification of the changes 1n accounting and management information systems which would be required to implement more economically rational pricing; and identification of the principles for estimating compensation for public service obligations. Finally, a brief account 18 given of recent BTE work on cost recovery in general aviation, and in road and rail transport. BTE has suggested that econom1C efficiency considerations would require substantial modification to the present means of collecting revenue from general aviation, with more reliance placed on direct pricing measures like flight-specific alr navigation charges and airport movement charges. On road-rail competition, an order of magnitude comparison of road and rail cost recovery in the Adelaide-Victorian border corridor suggests that only the road mode approximately covers short-run avoidable costs and that both modes fail to cover long-run avoidable costs.
Download or read book Measuring the Marginal Social Cost of Transport written by Christopher Nash and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-10-20 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many transport economists have for some time proposed marginal social cost as the principle on which prices in the transport sector should be based and, in recent years, their prescription has come to be taken more and more seriously by policy-makers. However, in order to properly test the possible implications of implementing pricing based on marginal social cost and, ultimately, to introduce such a system, it is necessary to actually measure the marginal social costs concerned, and how they vary according to mode, time and context. This book reviews the transport pricing policy debate and reports on the significant advances made in measuring the marginal social costs of transport, particularly through UNITE and other European research projects. We look in turn at infrastructure, operating costs, user costs (both of congestion and of charges in frequency of scheduled transport services) accidents and environmental costs, and how these estimates have been used to examine the impact of marginal cost pricing in transport. We finish by examining how the results of case studies might be generalised to obtain estimates of marginal social costs for all circumstances and, finally, presenting our conclusions.
Download or read book Reforming Transport Taxes written by European Conference of Ministers of Transport and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-30 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines the economic principles for efficient systems of taxation and provides a framework for international comparisons of transport taxes and charges.
Download or read book The Economics of Cost Recovery in Transport written by Kenneth Button and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optimal User Charges and Cost Recovery for Roads in Developing Countries written by Ian Graeme Heggie and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What impact do road user charges have on cost recovery? And when they fail to cover total costs, how should the resulting deficit be financed?
Download or read book Transportation in the Balance written by Eveyln A. Chan and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Efficient Transport Taxes and Charges written by European Conference of Ministers of Transport and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2001-01-16 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a framework for international comparisons of taxes and charges in transport and discusses the economic principles for efficient systems of taxation.
Download or read book Does the Structure of Production Affect Demand for Schooing in Peru written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Full Costs and Benefits of Transportation written by David L. Greene and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-07-14 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern transportation systems have far-reaching, and serious consequences: deaths and injuries from accidents, pollution of air, water and groundwater, noise congestion, and the greenhouse effect. As world transport systems expand and become increasingly motorised, the transportation community is searching for systems that are both efficient and sustainable. Here, leading international researchers explore the issues and concepts and define the state of knowledge concerning the full costs and benefits of transportation.
Download or read book MEXAGMKTS written by Gerald T. O'Mara and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Commercial Management and Financing of Roads written by Ian Graeme Heggie and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Printed on Demand. Limited stock is held for this title. If you would like to order 30 copies or more please contact [email protected] Contact [email protected], if currently unavailable. In developing and transition economies, 60 to 80 percent of all passenger and freight transport moves by road-the main form of access for most rural communities. Yet most of the 11 million kilometers of roads in these economies are badly maintained and poorly managed. This paper discusses one of the most effective ways to promote sound policies for managing and financing road networks--commercialization. It discusses the emerging central concept of bringing roads into the marketplace, putting them on a fee-for-service basis, and managing them like a business.
Download or read book Electricity Transmission Pricing and Technology written by Michael A. Einhorn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electric utility industry and its stakeholders in the. United States appear to be at a critical juncture in time. Powerful forces of global proportions are propelling the industry instinctively and in a secular fashion towards restructuring. That the industry will change is a fait accomplii. The nature and timing of the change is still a matter of intense debate, however. Because of the evolution of the industry into its present-day form, i.e. regulated local monopolies in their designated franchise service territories, the relative roles and expectations of various institutions would have to change to conform to the new state in the future. In either encouraging, or allowing this change to happen, society is essentially saying that future societal welfare would be better served by the changed structure contemplated. What that assumption translates into in more direct terms is that creation of future wealth would be better accomplished through redistribution of wealth today. Thoughtful individuals recognize the enormous responsibility placed upon the various entities empowered with jurisdiction over the timing and nature of the structural change. They are trying hard to bring analytical rigor to bear on the debate. One very critical element of this debate on restructuring is the issue of the treatment of transmission. The issue has been variously labeled transmission access, or pricing. Volumes have been written and spoken on this topic.
Download or read book Cameroon written by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-09-09 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents key discussions of Cameroon’s 2013 Article IV Consultation. Economic activity in Cameroon has continued to recover gradually from the global financial crisis in 2008–2009, and inflation has remained subdued. In light of growing vulnerabilities, the report suggests to adopt a plan to reduce fuel subsidies gradually, accompanied by targeted social programs for the neediest, to free up resources for public investment. It is also necessary to accelerate resolution of distressed banks and enhance the regulatory framework to promote lending.
Download or read book What drives Environmental Innovations in the Nordic Pulp and Paper Industry written by and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mainstreaming efficient legume seed systems in Eastern Africa written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Legumes are important components of sustainable farming systems. They are useful to diversify and intensify cropping systems; fix atmospheric nitrogen and improve soil health; act as rotation crops; increase and diversify smallholder incomes; and lower the carbon footprint, mitigating climate change. Legumes can therefore play a critical role in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. However, as this publication points out, their production is challenged by various policy, regulatory, institutional and technical factors, including a lack of attention from the public sector and limited opportunity to attract private sector investment.
Download or read book NASA Authorization for Fiscal Year 1986 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
