Download or read book Preventing Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Children written by Jolly Varughese and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prevention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Children written by Kunjoonjamma Chacko and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ventilator associated pneumonia is a major Hospital Acquired Infection (HIA) occurring patients on mechanical ventilators. Prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the top priorities for all health care institutions and health care workers should take the responsibility to prevent the infection to provide quality care for patients. This project focus on the causes of VAP in mechanically ventilated patients in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and explores the different prevention strategies. The key objective of this project is to implement standard VAP care bundle to decrease VAP among PICU patients and thus lessen the length of hospital stay, health care cost, mortality and morbidity associated with VAP. The proposed solution is to improve the knowledge level of the multidisciplinary team in PICU through educational preparation there by improve the adherence of standard bundle practice with the supporting evidence of Lewin's change theory. Because of poor immunity in critically ill children, mechanically ventilated patients develop bacterial colonization of oropharynx; stomach and sinus meticulous oral hygiene is essential to prevent aspiration of secretion containing microorganism to lungs causing VAP (Cooper and Haunt, 2013). Different review literature shows VAP bundle practice is the best recommended practice for VAP prevention and the key factor is improving the knowledge level of the multidisciplinary team working in PICU. The occurrence of VAP is a serious health issue which cause adverse effects for the healthcare system and increases the burden on the patients.
Download or read book Case Studies in Adult Intensive Care Medicine written by Daniele Bryden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-20 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This case-based approach to the intensive care medicine curriculum provides 48 case studies linking core knowledge to clinical context. Topics chosen have been mapped to eight key areas of study, making this ideal for both FFICM and EDIC exam candidates.
Download or read book Pediatric and Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation written by Peter C. Rimensberger and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-12 with total page 1584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by outstanding authorities from all over the world, this comprehensive new textbook on pediatric and neonatal ventilation puts the focus on the effective delivery of respiratory support to children, infants and newborns. In the early chapters, developmental issues concerning the respiratory system are considered, physiological and mechanical principles are introduced and airway management and conventional and alternative ventilation techniques are discussed. Thereafter, the rational use of mechanical ventilation in various pediatric and neonatal pathologies is explained, with the emphasis on a practical step-by-step approach. Respiratory monitoring and safety issues in ventilated patients are considered in detail, and many other topics of interest to the bedside clinician are covered, including the ethics of withdrawal of respiratory support and educational issues. Throughout, the text is complemented by numerous illustrations and key information is clearly summarized in tables and lists.
Download or read book Questions from NeoReviews written by Henry C. Lee and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhance your knowledge of neonatal-perinatal medicine and/or study for Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine board certification or recertification with this new study guide from the editors of NeoReviews. This new guide includes more than 1,200 questions previously published in NeoReviews from January 2007 to December 2017. Each question is followed by a short explanation of the correct answer with references, including the original article. Chapters include Cardiology Dermatology Endocrinology ENT and Ophthalmology Fluids, Electrolytes, Nutrition Gastrointestinal Genetics and Inborn Errors of Metabolism Hematology/Oncology Immunology Infectious Diseases Maternal-Fetal Medicine Neonatal Resuscitation Neurology Renal Respiratory Statistics, Research, Health Services, and Ethics
Download or read book PREVALANCE RISK FACTORS AND OUTCOMES OF VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN ADMITTED IN PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT IN BIKANER NORTHWETERN INDIA written by Gajanand Singh Tanwar and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PREVALANCE, RISK FACTORS AND OUTCOMES OF VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN ADMITTED IN PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT IN BIKANER, NORTHWETERN INDIAAbstractOBJECTIVES: The epidemiology and outcomes of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) are well described in adults. Although children have different anatomy and physiology, have different underlying illnesses, and undergo different surgical procedures from adults, few data exist for pediatric patients, particularly with respect to risk factors and outcomes. This prospective study was executed to determine the prevalence, the risk factors and outcomes associated with VAP in children admitted in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in PBM children hospital.METHODS: This prospective cohort study enrolled all children (u226415 years aged) who were admitted to the PICU from January 2017 to December 2017, except those who died within 24 hours. The primary outcome measured was the development of VAP. Secondary outcomes were death and length of stay in PICU. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent predictors for VAP.RESULTS: There were 124 episodes of VAP in 334 mechanically ventilated children. The mean VAP rate was 11.6/1000 ventilator days. Patients with VAP had been in the PICU for a mean of 8.9 days before the development of VAP. There was a preponderance of Gram-negative organisms, particularly P aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. By logistic regression analysis, genetic syndrome (odds ratio [OR]: 2.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-5.46), reintubation (OR: 2.71; 95% CI: 1.18-6.21), and transport out of the PICU (OR: 8.90; 95% CI: 3.82-20.74) independently predicted VAP. Total parental nutrition, steroids, and histamine type 2 receptor blockers were common drugs that associated with VAP.CONCLUSIONS: VAP occurs at significant rates among mechanically ventilated PICU children and is associated with processes of care. Additional studies are necessary to develop interventions to prevent VAP.
Download or read book Surgical Intensive Care Medicine written by John M. O'Donnell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-18 with total page 711 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are honored to present the second edition of Surgical Intensive Care Medicine. Our first edition was considered to be an important contribution to the critical care literature and received excellent reviews from Critical Care Medicine, Chest, and Anesthesiology. In the second edition, the basic organization of the book remains unchanged, being composed of 60 carefully selected chapters divided into 11 sections. The book begins with general topics in primary intensive care, such as airway management and vascular cannulation, followed by categories based on medical and surgical subspecialties. While the chapters discuss definitions, pathophysiology, clinical course, complications, and prognosis, the primary emphasis is devoted to patient management. The contents of the current edition have been comprehensively upgraded and the chapters retained from the first edition have been thoroughly updated, revised, or rewritten. In this second edition, some new topics have been added including Postoperative Care of the Obese Patient, Postoperative Care of the Pancreas Transplant Patient, Optimization of High-Risk Surgical Patients, Post- erative Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome, Ethics and End of Life Issues, Improving the ICU, and Continuous Medical Education in Intensive Care Medicine. We are extremely fortunate to have high-quality contributors, many of whom are nationally and internationally recognized researchers, speakers, and practitioners in Cri- cal Care Medicine. An important feature of this latest edition is the geographical diversity of its authors. Most are based in the United States, but colleagues from Canada, England, Ireland, Germany, Belgium, Holland, France, Italy, Portugal, and Australia have also made notable contributions.
Download or read book Pocket Book of Hospital Care for Children written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2013 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Pocket Book is for use by doctors nurses and other health workers who are responsible for the care of young children at the first level referral hospitals. This second edition is based on evidence from several WHO updated and published clinical guidelines. It is for use in both inpatient and outpatient care in small hospitals with basic laboratory facilities and essential medicines. In some settings these guidelines can be used in any facilities where sick children are admitted for inpatient care. The Pocket Book is one of a series of documents and tools that support the Integrated Managem.
Download or read book Evidence Based Practice of Critical Care E book written by Clifford S. Deutschman and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2010-06-29 with total page 743 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence-Based Practice of Critical Care, edited by Drs. Clifford S. Deutschman and Patrick J. Neligan, provides objective data and expert guidance to help answer the most important questions challenging ICU physicians today. It discusses the clinical options, examines the relevant research, and presents expert recommendations on everything from acute organ failure to prevention issues. An outstanding source for "best practices" in critical care medicine, this book is a valuable framework for translating evidence into practice. Gain valuable evidence-based recommendations on key topics such as acute organ failure, infection, sepsis and inflammation, and prevention issues pointing the way to the most effective approaches. Get an overview of each question, an outline of management options, a review of the relevant evidence, areas of uncertainty, existing management guidelines, and authors’ recommendations. Navigate a full range of challenges from routine care to complicated and special situations. Find the information you need quickly with tables that summarize the available literature and recommended clinical approaches.
Download or read book Ventilator Induced Lung Injury written by Didier Dreyfuss and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-03-21 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference surveys current best practices in the prevention and management of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) and spans the many pathways and mechanisms of VILI including cell injury and repair, the modulation of alveolar-capillary barrier properties, and lung and systemic inflammatory consequences of injurous mechanical ventilation. Cons
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Respiratory Medicine written by Geoffrey J. Laurent and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An impressive four-volume work that provides an authoritative and comprehensive coverage of the complete field of respiratory medicine. It provides a vital interface between the pure and clinical science environments covering all aspects of respiratory medicine from the relevant molecular biology to the treatment of diseases that affect the respiratory system. It includes comprehensive coverage of lung cells, the structural components of the lung and key molecules that regulate lung function as well as all the major respiratory diseases. Students, researchers and professionals alike will find this an authoritative source of information on all aspects of respiratory medicine. Also available online via ScienceDirect (2006) - featuring extensive browsing, searching, and internal cross-referencing between articles in the work, plus dynamic linking to journal articles and abstract databases, making navigation flexible and easy. For more information, pricing options and availability visit www.info.sciencedirect.com. Includes diagrams of uniformly high quality and references to enable readers to access the wider literature Highly structured through the use of chapter templates Key four-color illustrations that will be invaluable teaching tools
Download or read book Selective Decontamination of the Digestive Tract SDD written by Hans Rommes and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-08 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the basic concepts of Selective Decontamination of the Digestive tract (SDD) to help those involved in treating critically ill patients to improve outcomes and the quality of care. SDD has led to major changes in our understanding, the treatment and prevention of infections in critically ill patients over the past 40 years. It is the most studied intervention in intensive care medicine and is the subject of 73 randomized controlled trials, including over 15000 patients and 15 meta-analyses. SDD reduces morbidity and mortality, is cost-effective and safe as SDD does not increase antimicrobial resistance. Correct application of the SDD strategy enables ICU teams to control infections – even in ICUs with endemic antibiotic resistant microorganisms such as methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Describing the concept and application of SDD, and presenting case studies and microbiological flow charts, this practical guide will appeal to intensivists, critical care practitioners, junior doctors, microbiologists and ICU-nurses as well as infection control specialists and pharmacists.
Download or read book Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia written by Jordi Rello and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-06-30 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia is a book in which chapters are authored and the same topics discussed by North American and European experts. This approach provides a unique opportunity to view the different perspectives and points of view on this subject. Severe CAP is a common clinical problem encountered in the ICU setting. This book reviews topics concerning the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of SCAP. The discussions on the role of alcohol in severe CAP and adjunctive therapies are important topics that further our understanding of this severe respiratory infection.
Download or read book Healthcare Associated Infections in Children written by J. Chase McNeil and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With advances in technology and medical science, children with previously untreatable and often fatal conditions, such as congenital heart disease, extreme prematurity and pediatric malignancy, are living longer. While this is a tremendous achievement, pediatric providers are now more commonly facing challenges in these medical complex children both as a consequence of their underlying disease and the delivery of medical care. The term healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) encompass both infections that occur in the hospital and those that occur as a consequence of healthcare exposure and medical complexity in the outpatient setting. HAIs are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality for the individual patient as well as seriously taxing the healthcare system as a whole. In studies from the early 2000s, over 11% of all children in pediatric intensive care units develop HAIs and this figure increases substantially if neonatal intensive care units are considered. While progress has been made in decreasing the rates of HAI in the hospital, these infections remain a major burden on the medical system. In a study published in 2013, the annual estimated costs of the five most common HAIs in the United States totaled $9.8 billion. An estimated 648,000 patients developed HAIs in hospitals within the US in 2011 and children with healthcare-associated bloodstream infection have a greater than three-fold increased risk of death. While a number of texts discuss HAIs in the broader context of infectious diseases or pediatric infectious diseases (such as Mandell’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases or Long and Pickering’s Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases) no single text specifically focuses on the epidemiology, diagnosis and management of HAI in children. Many infectious diseases texts are organized based on the microbiology of infection and from this starting point then discussing the clinical syndromes associated with the organism of interest. For instance, a chapter on Staphylococcus aureus may contain a brief discussion of the role of S. aureus in surgical site infections in the wider context of all staphylococcal disease. For clinicians caring for children at the bedside, however, the clinical syndrome is typically appreciated and intervention necessary prior to organism identification. We propose a text that details both the general principles involved in HAIs and infection prevention but also provides a problem oriented approach. Such a text would be of interest to intensivists, neonatologists, hospitalists, oncologists, infection preventionists and infectious diseases specialists. The proposed text will be divided into three principle sections: 1) Basic Principles of Infection Control and Prevention, 2) Major Infectious Syndromes and 3) Infections in Vulnerable Hosts. Chapters in the Major Infectious Syndromes section will include discussion of the epidemiology, microbiology, clinical features, diagnosis, medical management (or surgical management as appropriate) and prevention of the disease entity of interest. Chapters will seek to be evidenced based as much as possible drawing from the published medical literature as well as from clinical practice guidelines (such as those from the Infectious Diseases Society of America) when applicable. We intend to include tables, figures and algorithms as appropriate to assist clinicians in the evaluation and management of these often complex patients. Finally, we intend to invite authors to participate in this project from across a number of medical specialties including infectious diseases, infection control, critical care, oncology and surgery to provide a multidisciplinary understanding of disease. It is our intent to have many chapters be co-written by individuals in different subspecialties; for instance, a chapter on ventilator-associated pneumonia may be co-written by both infectious disease and critical care medicine specialists. Such a unique text has the potential to provide important guidance for clinicians caring for these often fragile children.
Download or read book Oral Care in the Prevention of Ventilator associated Pneumonia written by Rebecca Higney and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ventilator associated pneumonia is a highly susceptible infection that is occurring among critically ill patients who are mechanically ventilated, this can occur in adults as well as children. Ventilator associated pneumonia infection rates are as high as 28% in mechanically ventilated patients. Research shows that providing oral care on a frequent basis with the use of an antiseptic solution such as Chlorhexidine, will reduce the rate of ventilator associated pneumonia among vented patients as well as decrease mortality rates and decrease the length of a patient's hospital stay. Current policies for oral care already exist but this proposal will include an implementation plan for making sure staff is properly educated and are incorporating the appropriate oral care policies and techniques for mechanically ventilated patients. Ventilator associated pneumonia is impacting healthcare profoundly and will begin to affect hospital reimbursement rates. Prevention of this infection needs to be a team effort involving everyone who comes into contact with vented patients, however nurses will be on the from lines of prevention. Ventilator associated pneumonia in an infection that can be prevented.
Download or read book Ventilator Associated Pneumonia VAP in the Pediatric Setting written by Marisa Mize and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Lung Microbiome written by Michael J. Cox and published by European Respiratory Society. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studying the lung microbiome requires a specialist approach to sampling, laboratory techniques and statistical analysis. This Monograph introduces the techniques used and discusses how respiratory sampling, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, metagenomics and the application of ecological theory can be used to examine the respiratory microbiome. It examines the different components of the respiratory microbiome: viruses and fungi in addition to the more frequently studied bacteria. It also considers a range of contexts from the paediatric microbiome and how this develops to disease of all ages including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic suppurative lung diseases, interstitial lung diseases, acquired pneumonias, transplantation, cancer and HIV, and the interaction of the respiratory microbiome and the environment.
