Download or read book Preventing Extinction of At risk Plant Species in a Complex World written by Holly Lee Bernardo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth's current biodiversity crisis is now considered a true mass extinction event, with species level extinction rates well above background rates and population level extinction rates orders of magnitude more common that species extinctions. There are many threats driving this loss of biodiversity. How each threat impacts the viability of a species is highly context dependent, but all are anthropogenic in origin and so as the human population continues to increase, so too will the pressure of these threats on our natural systems. Ultimately, how much a threat decreases the viability of a species depends on how that threat influences a species' demographic vital rates and population sizes. Therefore, in this dissertation, I use demographic modeling to quantify viability and the impact of threats on viability for many rare or at-risk plant species. Then, I use the results of those models to make management recommendations to reduce plant species' risk of extinction. I had three goals for my dissertation. My first goal was to simultaneously quantify the effects of multiple threats on the viability of two rare plant species as case studies to determine whether incorporating the complexity of interacting threats would change management recommendations. In the first case study, I found an interaction between the increase in drought frequency expected with climate change the habitat management frequency of Cedar Glades on the viability of Astragulus bibullatus. Typical management for open habitats like Cedar Glades is frequent disturbance. But by detecting this interactive effect, I was able to recommend managing disturbance to maintain two types of environments across a landscape; those that promote high survivorship during climatically unfavorable (drought) years, and those that promote increased reproduction and recruitment during climatically favorable (non-drought) years. In my second case study, I found an interaction between local scale threats (woody species encroachment and browsing by White Tailed deer) and climate change on the viability of Eurybia furcata. This interaction was such that populations well managed for local threats are not expected to be vulnerable to climate change, but populations with high levels of local threats are expected to be driven extinct as the climate changes. This result suggests that management actions targeting local threats (mostly woody invasive species encroachment) could increase E. furcata's viability in two ways; by reducing the direct negative effect of woody encroachment and indirectly by decreasing the impact of climate change. Therefore, in both systems, I showed that complex non-additive effects among threats influence what is the most optimal or most cost-efficient management strategy. My second goal was to expand the use of count-based population monitoring data in plant conservation biology. To my knowledge, I am the first to use this type of data to compare the relative impacts of many threats and test for non-additive effects among them. The methods I developed in my dissertation use these data for viability and threat assessments and can be widely applied to count-based monitoring data already in existence, expanding the use of these data in rare plant species conservation globally. My last goal was to determine if incorporating complex multi-threat assessments into conservation decision making could substantially improve conservation outcomes over our current methods, which are largely based on practitioner observation and experience. I had a unique opportunity through a long-term rare plant monitoring program to compare assessments of species' viability and the impact of threats on viability between practitioner's expert opinions and quantitative analyses. I found no significant correlations between them, indicating the two sources of information result in conflicting priorities for rare plant conservation. Then, I showed that this conflict could arise from the complexity of threats themselves. For example, I found a strong three-way interaction among threats showing that rare plant species are particularly vulnerable to the compounding effects of threats during the time immediately after a disturbance management event (e.g. prescribed fire). Thus, making an observational assessment of any one theat difficult as the impact of the one threat is different depending on the level of another. Overall, all aspects of my dissertation highlight the critical need for comprehensive, multi-threat assessments to better understand what is causing a species to have poor viability, to more effectively manage rare plant species to reduce their risk of extinction, and ultimately to better combat the global biodiversity crisis.
Download or read book The Endangered Species Act written by Stanford Environmental Law Society and published by Stanford Environmental Law Soc. This book was released on 2001 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is a guide to the federal Endangered Species Act, the primary U.S. law aimed at protecting species of animals and plants from human threats to their survival. It is intended for lawyers, government agency employees, students, community activists, businesspeople, and any citizen who wants to understand the Act--its history, provisions, accomplishments, and failures.
Download or read book Saving a Million Species written by Lee Hannah and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2012-06-22 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research paper "Extinction Risk from Climate Change" published in the journal Nature in January 2004 created front-page headlines around the world. The notion that climate change could drive more than a million species to extinction captured both the popular imagination and the attention of policy-makers, and provoked an unprecedented round of scientific critique. Saving a Million Species reconsiders the central question of that paper: How many species may perish as a result of climate change and associated threats? Leaders from a range of disciplines synthesize the literature, refine the original estimates, and elaborate the conservation and policy implications. The book: examines the initial extinction risk estimates of the original paper, subsequent critiques, and the media and policy impact of this unique study presents evidence of extinctions from climate change from different time frames in the past explores extinctions documented in the contemporary record sets forth new risk estimates for future climate change considers the conservation and policy implications of the estimates. Saving a Million Species offers a clear explanation of the science behind the headline-grabbing estimates for conservationists, researchers, teachers, students, and policy-makers. It is a critical resource for helping those working to conserve biodiversity take on the rapidly advancing and evolving global stressor of climate change-the most important issue in conservation biology today, and the one for which we are least prepared.
Download or read book Plant Extinction written by Harold Koopowitz and published by Helm. This book was released on 1990 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A historical overview of plant legislation, conservation, and preservation.
Download or read book In Situ Conservation of Wild Plant Species written by Vernon Hilton Heywood and published by Bioversity International. This book was released on 2005 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Science and the Endangered Species Act written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-10-13 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Endangered Species Act (ESA) is a far-reaching law that has sparked intense controversies over the use of public lands, the rights of property owners, and economic versus environmental benefits. In this volume a distinguished committee focuses on the science underlying the ESA and offers recommendations for making the act more effective. The committee provides an overview of what scientists know about extinctionâ€"and what this understanding means to implementation of the ESA. Habitatâ€"its destruction, conservation, and fundamental importance to the ESAâ€"is explored in detail. The book analyzes: Concepts of speciesâ€"how the term "species" arose and how it has been interpreted for purposes of the ESA. Conflicts between species when individual species are identified for protection, including several case studies. Assessment of extinction risk and decisions under the ESAâ€"how these decisions can be made more effectively. The book concludes with a look beyond the Endangered Species Act and suggests additional means of biological conservation and ways to reduce conflicts. It will be useful to policymakers, regulators, scientists, natural-resource managers, industry and environmental organizations, and those interested in biological conservation.
Download or read book Biotic Homogenization written by Julie L. Lockwood and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-05-31 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological homogenization is the dominant process shaping the future global biosphere. As global transportation becomes faster and more frequent, it is inevitable that biotic intermixing will increase. Unique local biotas will become extinct only to be replaced by already widespread biotas that can tolerate human activities. This process is affecting all aspects of our world: language, economies, and ecosystems alike. The ultimate outcome is the loss of uniqueness and the growth of uniformity. In this way, fast food restaurants exist in Moscow and Java Sparrows breed on Hawaii. Biological homogenization qualifies as a global environmental catastrophe. The Earth has never witnessed such a broad and complete reorganization of species distributions.
Download or read book Conservation Biology in Sub Saharan Africa written by Richard Primack and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2019-09-10 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation Biology in Sub-Saharan Africa comprehensively explores the challenges and potential solutions to key conservation issues in Sub-Saharan Africa. Easy to read, this lucid and accessible textbook includes fifteen chapters that cover a full range of conservation topics, including threats to biodiversity, environmental laws, and protected areas management, as well as related topics such as sustainability, poverty, and human-wildlife conflict. This rich resource also includes a background discussion of what conservation biology is, a wide range of theoretical approaches to the subject, and concrete examples of conservation practice in specific African contexts. Strategies are outlined to protect biodiversity whilst promoting economic development in the region. Boxes covering specific themes written by scientists who live and work throughout the region are included in each chapter, together with recommended readings and suggested discussion topics. Each chapter also includes an extensive bibliography. Conservation Biology in Sub-Saharan Africa provides the most up-to-date study in the field. It is an essential resource, available on-line without charge, for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as a handy guide for professionals working to stop the rapid loss of biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere.
Download or read book The Top 50 Mediterranean Island Plants written by Bertrand de Montmollin and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2005 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The flora of the Mediterranean islands includes many rare and localized species unique to the islands. Some of these are particularly threatened with extinction due to various pressures caused by people and their activities in Mediterranean ecosystems. It includes 50 descriptive sheets of species which are especially threatened, based on the IUCN Red List criteria. Each sheet gives a description of the species with illustrations and maps, emphasizing the threats to the species, existing conservation measures and additional measures needed for their conservation. Aimed at the layman, the text is easily accessible to the non-botanist.
Download or read book In Defense of Plants written by Matt Candeias and published by Mango Media Inc.. This book was released on 2021-03-16 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Study of Plants in a Whole New Light “Matt Candeias succeeds in evoking the wonder of plants with wit and wisdom.” ―James T. Costa, PhD, executive director, Highlands Biological Station and author of Darwin's Backyard #1 New Release in Nature & Ecology, Plants, Botany, Horticulture, Trees, Biological Sciences, and Nature Writing & Essays In his debut book, internationally-recognized blogger and podcaster Matt Candeias celebrates the nature of plants and the extraordinary world of plant organisms. A botanist’s defense. Since his early days of plant restoration, this amateur plant scientist has been enchanted with flora and the greater environmental ecology of the planet. Now, he looks at the study of plants through the lens of his ever-growing houseplant collection. Using gardening, houseplants, and examples of plants around you, In Defense of Plants changes your relationship with the world from the comfort of your windowsill. The ruthless, horny, and wonderful nature of plants. Understand how plants evolve and live on Earth with a never-before-seen look into their daily drama. Inside, Candeias explores the incredible ways plants live, fight, have sex, and conquer new territory. Whether a blossoming botanist or a professional plant scientist, In Defense of Plants is for anyone who sees plants as more than just static backdrops to more charismatic life forms. In this easily accessible introduction to the incredible world of plants, you’ll find: • Fantastic botanical histories and plant symbolism • Passionate stories of flora diversity and scientific names of plant organisms • Personal tales of plantsman discovery through the study of plants If you enjoyed books like The Botany of Desire, What a Plant Knows, or The Soul of an Octopus, then you’ll love In Defense of Plants.
Download or read book 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species written by Jonathan Baillie and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2004 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applies Red List data to calculate a Red List Index.
Download or read book Vanishing Flora written by and published by ABRAMS. This book was released on 1995 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents a contemporary artist's tribute to the endangered plants and flowers of the world. It is both an ecological statement, and a call to arms. It focuses on plant life, of which an estimated 30-60,000 varieties are in imminent danger of extinction. The book's format - each illustration is given its own page - permits the reader to see the detail of each plant's structure. Captions describe the plants' history, uses, and status. Research and information about the threats to each plant's survival amplify the strong conservation message. The book provides both an appreciation of our remaining plant life, as well as an explanation of the facts of a relatively unreported global situation. An appendix provides more than 100 organizations to contact in the US and around the world.
Download or read book The Plant Messiah written by Carlos Magdalena and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passionate, forthright and enthusiastic, Carlos Magdalena is a world-renowned horticulturist - known both for his charisma and his conservation work. The Plant Messiah follows Carlos' dreams and disappointments; from his days as a school boy in the death throes of General Franco's Fascist dictatorship, to his advent as The Plant Messiah at the forefront of conservation, backed by the reputation and resources of The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and enthused by the potential that lies beyond. The book discloses for the first time the details behind his 'codebreaking' exploits and the secret stories behind his work; his genius, lateral thinking and steadfast belief that everything is possible.
Download or read book Understanding the Changing Planet written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-06-23 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the oceans to continental heartlands, human activities have altered the physical characteristics of Earth's surface. With Earth's population projected to peak at 8 to 12 billion people by 2050 and the additional stress of climate change, it is more important than ever to understand how and where these changes are happening. Innovation in the geographical sciences has the potential to advance knowledge of place-based environmental change, sustainability, and the impacts of a rapidly changing economy and society. Understanding the Changing Planet outlines eleven strategic directions to focus research and leverage new technologies to harness the potential that the geographical sciences offer.
Download or read book Wildlife in a Changing World written by Jean-Christophe Vié and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2009 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Wildlife in a Changing World" presents an analysis of the 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Beginning with an explanation of the IUCN Red List as a key conservation tool, it goes on to discuss the state of the world s species and provides the latest information on the patterns of species facing extinction in some of the most important ecosystems in the world, highlighting the reasons behind their declining status. Areas of focus in the report include: freshwater biodiversity, the status of the world s marine species, species susceptibility to climate change impacts, the Mediterranean biodiversity hot spot, and broadening the coverage of biodiversity assessments."
Download or read book Endangered Species written by and published by . This book was released on 1991-08 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tipping Point for Planet Earth written by Anthony D. Barnosky and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2016-04-26 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Four people are born every second of every day. Conservative estimates suggest that there will be 10 billion people on Earth by 2050. That is billions more than the natural resources of our planet can sustain without big changes in how we use and manage them. So what happens when vast population growth endangers the world’s food supplies? Or our water? Our energy needs, climate, or environment? Or the planet’s biodiversity? What happens if some or all of these become critical at once? Just what is our future? In Tipping Point for Planet Earth, world-renowned scientists Anthony Barnosky and Elizabeth Hadly explain the growing threats to humanity as the planet edges toward resource wars for remaining space, food, oil, and water. And as they show, these wars are not the nightmares of a dystopian future, but are already happening today. Finally, they ask: at what point will inaction lead to the break-up of the intricate workings of the global society? The planet is in danger now, but the solutions, as Barnosky and Hadly show, are still available. We still have the chance to avoid the tipping point and to make the future better. But this window of opportunity will shut within ten to twenty years. Tipping Point for Planet Earth is the wake-up call we need.
