Download or read book Prestressing RC Beams with Near Surface Mounting NSM Fiber Reinforced Polymers FRP And or Iron based Shape Memory Alloy Fe SMA Rods written by Janet Raad and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present study involves flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) beams by prestressed fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) and iron-based shape memory alloys (Fe-SMAs) using near surface mounted (NSM) technique. The ANSYS Program Design Language (APDL) was employed to generate a finite element analysis (FEA) beam model which was validated using the data from an existing experimental study in the literature. The beam FEA model and experimental results were in a good agreement. Parameters considered were internal and external reinforcement ratios, bond length, concrete strength, and NSM rod material type under three pre-stressing levels (20%, 30%, 40%). The influence of these parameters on the beams' load carrying capacity, midspan displacement, ductility index, and failure mode were determined. The results showed that at larger prestressing level, the beam had higher cracking, yielding, and ultimate load capacities. However, the displacement was decreased and consequently, the ductility index reduced as pre-stressing level increased. Furthermore, the Fe-SMA material was able to provide significant ductility. The optimum prestressing level can be identified based on the primary RC beams' design criteria to either improve load or displacement capacity or both.
Download or read book Nonlinear Finite Element Modeling of RC Beams Strengthened with Prestressed NSM FRP Laminates written by Yubraj Pandey and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the parametric study of nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (FEA) modeling of Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams prestressed with Near-Surface Mounted (NSM) FRP. FEA model was validated with the experimental beam results available in the literature to determine the accuracy. Parameters considered were steel and laminates reinforcement ratios, various steel and FRP materials properties (Normal Modulus (NM), High Modulus (HM) and Ultra-High Modulus (UHM)), and FRP types (Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP), Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)) under various prestressing conditions. The RC beams were strengthened with FRP laminates which were prestressed by 20, 30, 40% and were compared to the control beam (0% prestressing).The temperature equivalent to the prestressing force was applied to the FRP laminates. Based upon these prestressing levels, the load at yield initiation, ultimate load at failure and ductility index of the beam were determined. From finite element analysis of RC beam results, the application of the prestressing had significantly increased the load at the yield point. However, the percentage increase of ultimate load was low as compared to non prestressed beam. The load versus displacement curves of beams demonstrated a reduction in ductility as the prestressing level was increased. The optimum prestressing level found to be 30% for all parameters while the FRP reinforcement ratio had the maximum effect in load carrying capacity.
Download or read book Flexural Strengthening of RC Continuous Beams with FRP Reinforcements According to the NSM and EB Techniques written by Mohammad Abdallah and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is composed of four parts. Each part contains several research items according to the structural topic planned to be studied. Although the logical sequence was preserved in the thesis, each part was structured to discuss and address a specific flexural issue regarding strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) beams with fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs). In general, the thesis experimentally, analytically, and numerically studies the possibility of using near surface mounted (NSM) and externally bonded (EB) techniques for strengthening and repairing continuous two-span beams. In summary, the experimental scheme of this thesis comprised 21 beams: six beams were simply supported with a 3-m length each, and 15 beams were continuous over two spans with a 6-m total beam length and 2.85-m span length each. The analytical analysis and design approaches as well as the finite element (FE) numerical models were developed or/and utilized in some parts according to their importance and necessity.- The first part studies the possibility of strengthening RC beams on their side surfaces instead of their soffits. Therefore, the side near surface mounted (SNSM or side-NSM) technique was proposed and investigated on six simply supported beams: one control beam and five others initially strengthened with 2∅6 carbon-FRP (CFRP) bars.-The second part presents an experimental and analytical study regarding the assessment of using the NSM technique for flexural strengthening of continuous RC beams. The experimental program of this part consists of six full-scale two-span beams: one control beam and five others strengthened with FRP bars in both hogging and sagging regions.-The third part presents a comparison between the NSM and side-NSM techniques for strengthening continuous two-span RC beams with CFRP rods. The study comprises two main sections: an experimental section and a FE section.-The fourth part presents an experimental study that was primarily conducted to fill in the gaps in the literature regarding strengthening continuous RC beams with EB-CFRP. Generally, this part consists of three main sections. In the first section, seven large-scale two-span beams are statically investigated: one control beam (from part two) and six beams initially strengthened in terms of bending with CFRP sheets or plates. The second section evaluates the effectiveness of the current design codes in determining the flexural strength of continuous beams strengthened externally with CFRP sheets or plates. Finally, the third section assesses and compares the efficiencies of the EB and NSM techniques.
Download or read book Flexural Strengthening of RC Beams Using Near Surface Mounted NSM Fiber Reinforced Polymers FRPs written by Ahmad Mahmudhor Al-Lawati and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Composites for Construction written by Lawrence C. Bank and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-07-21 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first textbook on the design of FRP for structural engineering applications Composites for Construction is a one-of-a-kind guide to understanding fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) and designing and retrofitting structures with FRP. Written and organized like traditional textbooks on steel, concrete, and wood design, it demystifies FRP composites and demonstrates how both new and retrofit construction projects can especially benefit from these materials, such as offshore and waterfront structures, bridges, parking garages, cooling towers, and industrial buildings. The code-based design guidelines featured in this book allow for demonstrated applications to immediately be implemented in the real world. Covered codes and design guidelines include ACI 440, ASCE Structural Plastics Design Manual, EUROCOMP Design Code, AASHTO Specifications, and manufacturer-published design guides. Procedures are provided to the structural designer on how to use this combination of code-like documents to design with FRP profiles. In four convenient sections, Composites for Construction covers: * An introduction to FRP applications, products and properties, and to the methods of obtaining the characteristic properties of FRP materials for use in structural design * The design of concrete structural members reinforced with FRP reinforcing bars * Design of FRP strengthening systems such as strips, sheets, and fabrics for upgrading the strength and ductility of reinforced concrete structural members * The design of trusses and frames made entirely of FRP structural profiles produced by the pultrusion process
Download or read book Supported Beams and Slabs written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Retrofitted in Flexure Using CFRP NSM Technique written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A variety of retrofitting methods are used to upgrade existing structures. For example, steel plates and Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) jackets are externally bonded to members to increase their capacity in flexure and shear. However, due to the issue of corrosion these strengthening systems may lose their efficiency with time. FRP materials have been used to strengthen many structural components of different shapes and types. FRP jackets, FRP Strips, and FRP rods have commonly been used to rehabilitate existing structural components. The many advantages of using FRP as strengthening materials have made this material an attractive alternative: advantages such as lightweight, high strength, and ease of setting up. Among the many applications using FRP, Near Surface Mounted -- Fiber Reinforced polymer (NSM-FRP) is a promising technique used to strengthen concrete members. However, de-bonding issues have to be overcome to make this technique efficient and reliable. The NSM-FRP technique consists of making a groove along the surface of the concrete member to be retrofitted with depth less than the cover of the member. After cleaning the groove, epoxy paste is used to fill two-thirds of the groove's depth. The FRP element is then mounted in the groove. Finally, the groove is filled with epoxy and the excessive epoxy is leveled with surface of the concrete. This technique makes the FRP material completely covered by epoxy in the cover of the concrete. This method can be used for strengthening both the positive and negative moment regions of girders and slabs. Groove size, paste, concrete, and rods properties are the main variables that control the efficiency of the NSM-FRP rods. The main objective of this research project is to determine the behavior of reinforced concrete beams that are strengthened with NSM-CFRP reinforcement bars. In this research project, the bond characteristics of NSM-CFRP reinforcement bars are first determined from pullout tests. Then, NSM-CFRP rods are installed in reinforced concrete beams and the beams are tested. Loads, strains, and deflections are measured and theoretical and measured capacities are compared. Finally, the reliability and efficiency of using NSM-CFRP rods technique in retrofitting existing structures is observed.
Download or read book Monotonic and Fatigue Flexural Behaviour of RC Beams Strengthened with Prestressed NSM CFRP Rods written by Moataz Assad Badawi and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Manufacturing and Application of Stainless Steels written by Andrea Di Schino and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stainless steels represent a quite interesting material family, both from a scientific and commercial point of view, following to their excellent combination in terms of strength and ductility together with corrosion resistance. Thanks to such properties, stainless steels have been indispensable for the technological progress during the last century and their annual consumption increased faster than other materials. They find application in all these fields requiring good corrosion resistance together with ability to be worked into complex geometries. Despite to their diffusion as a consolidated materials, many research fields are active regarding the possibility to increase stainless steels mechanical properties and corrosion resistance by grain refinement or by alloying by interstitial elements. At the same time innovations are coming from the manufacturing process of such a family of materials, also including the possibility to manufacture them starting from metals powder for 3D printing. The Special Issue scope embraces interdisciplinary work covering physical metallurgy and processes, reporting about experimental and theoretical progress concerning microstructural evolution during processing, microstructure-properties relations, applications including automotive, energy and structural.
Download or read book 10th International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering written by Alper Ilki and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-26 with total page 2516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume highlights the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of FRP composites and structures, as presented by leading international researchers and engineers at the 10th International Conference on Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites in Civil Engineering (CICE), held in Istanbul, Turkey on December 8-10, 2021. It covers a diverse range of topics such as All FRP structures; Bond and interfacial stresses; Concrete-filled FRP tubular members; Concrete structures reinforced or pre-stressed with FRP; Confinement; Design issues/guidelines; Durability and long-term performance; Fire, impact and blast loading; FRP as internal reinforcement; Hybrid structures of FRP and other materials; Materials and products; Seismic retrofit of structures; Strengthening of concrete, steel, masonry and timber structures; and Testing. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, present a wealth of exciting ideas that will open novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaboration among different specialists.
Download or read book Design Procedures for the Use of Composites in Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Structures written by Carlo Pellegrino and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-25 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the current knowledge on structural behaviour of RC elements and structures strengthened with composite materials (experimental, analytical and numerical approaches for EBR and NSM), particularly in relation to the above topics, and the comparison of the predictions of the current available codes/recommendations/guidelines with selected experimental results. The book shows possible critical issues (discrepancies, lacunae, relevant parameters, test procedures, etc.) related to current code predictions or to evaluate their reliability, in order to develop more uniform methods and basic rules for design and control of FRP strengthened RC structures. General problems/critical issues are clarified on the basis of the actual experiences, detect discrepancies in existing codes, lacunae in knowledge and, concerning these identified subjects, provide proposals for improvements. The book will help to contribute to promote and consolidate a more qualified and conscious approach towards rehabilitation and strengthening existing RC structures with composites and their possible monitoring.
Download or read book Advances in Structural Engineering written by Vasant Matsagar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-12 with total page 1033 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents research papers presented by academicians, researchers, and practicing structural engineers from India and abroad in the recently held Structural Engineering Convention (SEC) 2014 at Indian Institute of Technology Delhi during 22 – 24 December 2014. The book is divided into three volumes and encompasses multidisciplinary areas within structural engineering, such as earthquake engineering and structural dynamics, structural mechanics, finite element methods, structural vibration control, advanced cementitious and composite materials, bridge engineering, and soil-structure interaction. Advances in Structural Engineering is a useful reference material for structural engineering fraternity including undergraduate and postgraduate students, academicians, researchers and practicing engineers.
Download or read book Behaviour and Modelling of RC Beams Strengthened in Flexure with Near surface Mounted FRP Strips written by Shishun Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Apart from investigations into the bond behaviour of NSM CFRP strips, this thesis also presents investigations into a common debonding failure mode which occurs at the ends of NSM strips and involves the detachment of the FRP reinforcement and the concrete cover (i.e. bar-end cover separation). An analytical solution is first presented for the interfacial interaction forces between the FRP reinforcement and the concrete in RC beams strengthened with NSM FRP; this solution was extended from an existing interfacial stress solution previously derived for RC beams strengthened with an externally bonded FRP plate. The analytical solution was verified with results from a 3-D linear elastic FE model. Numerical results obtained from the solution show that high interaction forces exist near the cut-off points of NSM CFRP strips, which explains why bar-end debonding failure commonly occurs. Following the study on interfacial interaction forces, a 2-D nonlinear FE model to predict bar-end cover separation failure of RC beams flexurally-strengthened with NSM FRP is presented. Some key factors, which were not addressed or were not simultaneously addressed in existing FE models, were considered in developing this FE model; in particular, the NSM FRP-to-concrete interface was modelled using the bond-slip model presented earlier in the thesis. Based on findings obtained using this 2-D FE model, a simplified FE model for predicting bar-end cover separation failure was next proposed. This simplified FE model contains only an isolated segment between two adjacent cracks of an RC beam nearest to an end of the FRP reinforcement. Results from the parametric study using this simplified FE model were used to establish an expression for the failure strain in the FRP, based on which a method for predicting bar-end cover separation failure was formulated.
Download or read book Mechcomp2 written by Antonio J.M. Ferreira and published by Società Editrice Esculapio. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composites materials have aroused a great interest over the last few decades. Several applications of fibrous composites, functionally graded materials, laminated composites, nano-structured reinforcements, morphing structures, can be found in many engineering fields, such as aerospace, mechanical, naval and civil engineering. The necessity of lightweight structures, smart and adaptive systems, high-level strength, have led both the academic research and the manufacturing development to a recurring employment of these materials. Many journal papers and technical notes have been published extensively over the last seventy years in international scientific journals of different engineering fields. For this reason, the establishment of this second edition of Mechanics of Composites International Conference has appeared appropriate to continue what has been begun during the first edition occurred in 2014 at Stony Brook University (USA). MECHCOMP wants to be an occasion for many researchers from each part of the globe to meet and discuss about the recent advancements regarding the use of composite structures. As a proof of this event, which has taken place in Porto (Portugal), selected plenary and key-note lectures have been collected in the present book.
Download or read book Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Structures written by and published by Thomas Telford. This book was released on 1991 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide to good practice focuses on the techniques for the repair and strengthening of reinforced and prestressed concrete structures - covering the planning, design, implementation and monitoring of repair and strengthening projects.
Download or read book Monotonic and Fatigue Behavior of Concrete Beams Strengthened with Near Surface Mounted NSM Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers CFRP written by Michael J. Deitch and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book RC Beams and Slabs Externally Reinforced with Fiber Reinforced Plastic FRP Panels written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considerable experimental and analytical studies concerning the external reinforcement of RC beams and slabs using fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) strips and panels have been accomplished in the past ten to twelve years. This paper will review the pertinent work in this area and in particular will review and present both experimental and analytical studies conducted by the United States Air Force at Wright Laboratory's Pavements and Facilities Section (WL/FIVCO), Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida. Both experimental and analytical studies at WL/FIVCO have shown that RC beams and slabs retrofitted with carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) and Aramid fiber reinforced plastic (AFRP) show considerable flexural strength increases when compared to control beams without the FRP panels. These studies have been conducted on structural response to static loads, drop weight dynamic loads and blast loadings from conventional explosives. In all cases considerable strength enhancement has been observed. For beams retrofitted with bottom tensile CFRP strips the largest strength enhancement occurred for RC beams with steel reinforcing ratios of 1.5 percent or less. This corresponds to a ratio of steel area (tension only) to CFRP area of approximately 4.0 or less. In cooperation with WL/FIVCO, the University of Florida developed a vacuum bond technique to apply prefabricated FRP panels to concrete surfaces using a commercial high performance epoxy adhesive. In addition to beam and slab structural response, WL/FIVCO has conducted tests of freeze-thaw cycling, ultraviolet exposure, heating, cooling, wetting and drying on concrete samples with and without various FRP strips. No detrimental effects were observed for these tests. Fatigue strength of externally reinforced beams (no steel) was also studied at WL/FIVCO using a non-reversed fatigue loading of 80 and 10 percent of static maximum load applied at a rate of 20 Hz for 2,000,000 cycles.
