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Book Preparing and Training for the Full Spectrum of Military Challenges

Download or read book Preparing and Training for the Full Spectrum of Military Challenges written by David Eugene Johnson and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2009 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The difficult and continually evolving operations in Iraq and Afghanistan show the complexities of what is now termed irregular warfare and highlight the need for new approaches to the security challenges with which the United States is now contending and will likely confront in the future. The research reported in this monograph focused on answering a rather straightforward, but thus far largely unanswered, question: What can the U.S. military learn from other militaries about how better to prepare for full-spectrum operations and deployments? To this end, RAND was asked by the OSD for Personnel and Readiness to examine the militaries of China, France, the UK, India, and Israel."--P. xiii.

Book Future Training Concepts

    Book Details:
  • Author : MAJ Chadwick W., Chadwick Shields, US Army
  • Publisher : CreateSpace
  • Release : 2012-09-30
  • ISBN : 9781480022584
  • Pages : 58 pages

Download or read book Future Training Concepts written by MAJ Chadwick W., Chadwick Shields, US Army and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-09-30 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States Army is currently at a major crossroads with respect to training. Experiences from the current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, the introduction of Army Field Manual 3-0, Operations, and its equal importance placed on offensive operations, defensive operations, and stability operations, combined with the necessity to be prepared for future conflicts all present a complex problem for Army. Further complicating the situation is increasingly limited resources for the military. The lack of resources includes limited time available to train due to a very demanding operational tempo and finite defense funding. In light of these issues, the Army leadership is faced with making training decisions that not only affect today's fight, but also future operations. No one can predict where, when, why, and how the next conflict will be fought. If the nation calls upon the Army to accomplish an objective, the Army must be prepared to achieve success. As General Peter W. Chiarelli, Vice Chief of Staff of the Army, states, "It is simply impossible to plan and train for every possible scenario our Soldiers and their leaders may encounter within the complex reality of the contemporary operating environment." The decisions made today regarding how the Army should train are the cornerstone for success during the next conflict or task. To determine what the future training concepts of the Army should be, this monograph reviews three areas which develop how the Army should train for future operations. The three areas which impact future training are the requirements given to Army from the Army's current operations, national strategy documents, and finally the future operational environment. Integrated into the analysis of those three areas is an analysis of the Army's current training doctrine from Field Manual 7-0, Training for Full Spectrum Operations to determine the current training doctrine prepares the Army for its future operations. The analysis addresses how the Army can best train for future operations when it has a wide range of missions, a lack of time to train, is preoccupied with current operations, is facing a complex and ambiguous future operating environment, and shrinking resources. Adding to the problem is a training doctrine which does not fully prepare the Army for future operations and take into account the current operational environment. Finally the monograph presents recommendations for preparing the Army for future operations. Based on this analysis of the Army's current operational environment, national strategy documents, and the future operational environment, the Army should prepare for the next mission or conflict by training on core tasks which span the spectrum of conflict, increase focus on leadership training, and train intangible attributes such as discipline, adaptability, initiative, and problem solving skills. The Army does not have enough time and resources to train for every mission and conflict, and focusing on a core task list which spans the spectrum of conflict, it can adapt those core skills to succeed in an ambiguous and complex future. Complimenting the core competency task list is an increased focus on leaders and leadership training. Future leaders must have the attributes necessary to succeed in a complex and constantly changing operating environment. The intangible attributes required by not only leaders, units and Soldiers are discipline, initiative, problem solving skills, and adaptability.

Book Training Balance  Full Spectrum Operations for 21st Century Challenges

Download or read book Training Balance Full Spectrum Operations for 21st Century Challenges written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this monograph is to evaluate training balance in the United States Army at the brigade combat team level in order to determine if our current training strategy is properly balanced. The work began by examining the National Security Strategy and supporting primary source documents to determine if the Army's training strategy was adequately preparing it for all of the potential requirements. Second this study examined the doctrine of full spectrum operations in order to fully understand it as a lens to measure training balance. Third this paper examined the current and projected Army force levels to determine the impact on the ability to balance training. Finally, this study examined the Army's training strategy focusing primarily on post 9-11 operations at the National Training Center to determine if it adequately trained full spectrum operations. The monograph provides a synthesis of multiple types of references in order to accurately analyze training balance in the Army. Government sources include the major security strategies of the United States to include the 2006 National Security Strategy, 2004 National Military Strategy, and 2005 National Defense Strategy. Additionally this study incorporated relevant data from the Army's 2007 Posture Statement, and 2007 Army Modernization Plan. The work relied heavily on articles written by senior leaders in military journals. These articles provided key insights from the Army senior leader perspective on the status and future of training at the BCT level. An interview with a former senior observer controller from the National Training Center was conducted to receive insight from an experienced senior leader recently assigned to the NTC. This paper concludes that the Army's training strategy is not balanced. Deployment cycles for brigade combat teams (BCTs) coupled with current force structure shortage.

Book Military Training

Download or read book Military Training written by Sharon Pickup and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Army¿s and Marine Corps¿ major training facilities have focused on training units for counter-insurgency missions in Iraq and Afghanistan. As troop levels decrease in Iraq and increase in Afghanistan, larger numbers of forces will be training for Afghanistan. To meet future requirements, the services plan to adjust training to train forces on a fuller range of missions. This report assessed the extent to which the Army and Marine Corps have: (1) made adjustments at their major training facilities to support larger deployments to Afghanistan; and (2) developed plans to adjust training capacity to meet future requirements. The report analyzed service training guidance and requirements, and interviewed officials from the services¿ training facilities. Illus.

Book Training for Full Spectrum Operations

Download or read book Training for Full Spectrum Operations written by Barry Leonard and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009-05 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Will help develop an Army experienced enough to be comfortable with operating anywhere, in any type of operation, under any conditions. Its principles and concepts are intended to produce agile leaders, who can rapidly and easily adapt to changing, ambiguous situations. The manual's 4 chapters address the breadth and depth of Army training concepts. FM 7-0 sets out to change the Army mindset. The Army cannot return to its pre-9-11 focus of training for offensive and defensive operations in major combat operations. Army leaders must think differently about training and leader development in an Army that must be capable of conducting simultaneous offense, defense, and stability or civil support operations in any of the 5 operational themes. Illus.

Book Training the Force  FM 7 0

    Book Details:
  • Author : Department of the Army
  • Publisher : Createspace Independent Pub
  • Release : 2012-09-24
  • ISBN : 9781479384099
  • Pages : 124 pages

Download or read book Training the Force FM 7 0 written by Department of the Army and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2012-09-24 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U. S. Army exists for one reason—to serve the Nation. From the earliest days of its creation, the Army has embodied and defended the American way of life and its constitutional system of government. It will continue to answer the call to fight and win our Nation's wars, whenever and wherever they may occur. That is the Army's non-negotiable contract with the American people. The Army will do whatever the Nation asks it to do, from decisively winning wars to promoting and keeping the peace. To this end, the Army must be strategically responsive and ready to be dominant at every point across the full spectrum of military operations. Today, the Army must meet the challenge of a wider range of threats and a more complex set of operating environments while incorporating new and diverse technology. The Army meets these challenges through its core competencies: Shape the Security Environment, Prompt Response, Mobilize the Army, Forcible Entry Operations, Sustained Land Dominance and Support Civil Authorities. We must maintain combat readiness as our primary focus while transitioning to a more agile, versatile, lethal, and survivable Army. Doctrine represents a professional army's collective thinking about how it intends to fight, train, equip, and modernize. When the first edition of FM 25-100, Training the Force, was published in 1988, it represented a revolution in the way the Army trains. The doctrine articulated by FMs 25-100, Training the Force, and 25-101, Battle Focused Training, has served the Army well. These enduring principles of training remain sound; much of the content of these manuals remains valid for both today and well into the future. FM 7-0 updates FM 25-100 to our current operational environment and will soon be followed by FM 7-1, which will update FM 25-101. FM 7-0 is the Army's capstone training doctrine and is applicable to all units, at all levels, and in all components. While the examples in this manual are principally focused at division and below, FM 7-0 provides the essential fundamentals for all individual, leader, and unit training. Training for warfighting is our number one priority in peace and in war. Warfighting readiness is derived from tactical and technical competence and confidence. Competence relates to the ability to fight our doctrine through tactical and technical execution. Confidence is the individual and collective belief that we can do all things better than the adversary and the unit possesses the trust and will to accomplish the mission. FM 7-0 provides the training and leader development methodology that forms the foundation for developing competent and confident soldiers and units that will win decisively in any environment. Training is the means to achieve tactical and technical competence for specific tasks, conditions, and standards. Leader Development is the deliberate, continuous, sequential, and progressive process, based on Army values, that develops soldiers and civilians into competent and confident leaders capable of decisive action. Closing the gap between training, leader development, and battlefield performance has always been the critical challenge for any army. Overcoming this challenge requires achieving the correct balance between training management and training execution. Training management focuses leaders on the science of training in terms of resource efficiencies (such as people, time, and ammunition) measured against tasks and standards. Training execution focuses leaders on the art of leadership to develop trust, will, and teamwork under varying conditions—intangibles that must be developed to win decisively in combat.

Book Training for Full Spectrum Operations

Download or read book Training for Full Spectrum Operations written by Department of the Army and published by . This book was released on 2008-12-12 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FM 7-0, Training for Full Spectrum Operations, establishes the Army's keystone doctrine for training. Since FM 7-0 was last published, enough has changed in the nature of operational environments worldwide to merit a full review of its content and form. FM 7-0 is the guide for Army training and training management. It addresses the fundamental principles and tenets of training. FM 7-0 addresses the fundamentals of training modular, expeditionary Army forces to conduct full spectrum operations-simultaneous offensive, defensive, and stability or civil support operations-in an era of persistent conflict. Conducting effective training for full spectrum operations must be a top priority of senior leaders during both force generation and operational deployments. FM 7-0 incorporates new tenets for training modular organizations to conduct full spectrum operations. However, the manual has further developed the concepts in the 2002 version as well. The Army must not lose the many sound training practices used before 11 September 2001. In addition, the manual emphasizes that commanders should leverage the combat experience of seasoned individuals and their leaders in developing training plans. FM 7-0 cannot answer every training challenge of today's complex operational environments. It should, however, generate reflection and introspection on how Soldiers and units train for full spectrum operations as an expeditionary Army. FM 7-0 is organized as follows: * Chapter 1 discusses the environment in which training and operations occur. It stresses the need for the Army to prepare for full spectrum operations. The chapter concludes by discussing the aim point concept used to focus training on the most likely operational environments. * Chapter 2 focuses on the Army's seven principles of training and the supporting tenets that apply at all organizational levels and across all components. * Chapter 3 describes the Army Training System, defines training and education, describes the three training domains, and provides a brief discussion of leader development. * Chapter 4 describes Army training management. It begins by describing the effects of Army force generation and modular organizations on training management. Then it addresses how to develop the mission-essential task list. The bulk of the chapter discusses how to use the Army's training management model to plan, prepare, execute, and assess training.

Book Strengthening the Military Family Readiness System for a Changing American Society

Download or read book Strengthening the Military Family Readiness System for a Changing American Society written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-10-25 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. military has been continuously engaged in foreign conflicts for over two decades. The strains that these deployments, the associated increases in operational tempo, and the general challenges of military life affect not only service members but also the people who depend on them and who support them as they support the nation â€" their families. Family members provide support to service members while they serve or when they have difficulties; family problems can interfere with the ability of service members to deploy or remain in theater; and family members are central influences on whether members continue to serve. In addition, rising family diversity and complexity will likely increase the difficulty of creating military policies, programs and practices that adequately support families in the performance of military duties. Strengthening the Military Family Readiness System for a Changing American Society examines the challenges and opportunities facing military families and what is known about effective strategies for supporting and protecting military children and families, as well as lessons to be learned from these experiences. This report offers recommendations regarding what is needed to strengthen the support system for military families.

Book How to Prepare and Conduct Military Training

Download or read book How to Prepare and Conduct Military Training written by United States. Department of the Army and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Combat Training Center  Training for Full spectrum Operations

Download or read book Combat Training Center Training for Full spectrum Operations written by Oscar Diano and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The changing strategic environment has necessitated a shift in Army training from traditional maneuver warfare to full-spectrum operations to defeat irregular, catastrophic, and disruptive challenges more effectively. The problem is that full-spectrum operations have apparently replaced traditional warfare training at the National Training Center (NTC) and Joint Multinational Readiness Center (JMRC) instead of complementing or augmenting it. Thus the central research question is: Do the training models at the JMRC and NTC, train maneuver units for certain portions of the full spectrum of military operations at the expense of other critical tasks? The study traces the source of training guidance from The National Security Strategy to The Quadrennial Defense Review Report to The Army Plan and eventually to Forces Command and United States Army Europe. It uses two examples of unit rotations (one at NTC and historical data from JMRC) to serve as sources of comparison between strategic guidance, operational direction, and tactical employment of full spectrum training. Both examples reveal a focus upon training to defeat insurgencies at the expense of traditional expertise.

Book Future Training Concepts

Download or read book Future Training Concepts written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States Army is currently at a major crossroads with respect to training. Experiences from the current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, the introduction of Army Field Manual 3-0, Operations, and its equal importance placed on offensive operations, defensive operations, and stability operations, combined with the necessity to be prepared for future conflicts all present a complex problem for Army. Further complicating the situation is increasingly limited resources for the military. The lack of resources includes limited time available to train due to a very demanding operational tempo and finite defense funding. In light of these issues, the Army leadership is faced with making training decisions that not only affect today's fight, but also future operations. No one can predict where, when, why, and how the next conflict will be fought. If the nation calls upon the Army to accomplish an objective, the Army must be prepared to achieve. To determine what the future training concepts of the Army should be, this monograph reviews three areas which develop how the Army should train for future operations. The three areas which impact future training are the requirements given to Army from the Army's current operations, national strategy documents, and finally the future operational environment. Integrated into the analysis of those three areas is an analysis of the Army's current training doctrine from Field Manual 7-0, Training for Full Spectrum Operations to determine the current training doctrine prepares the Army for its future operations. The analysis addresses how the Army can best train for future operations when it has a wide range of missions, a lack of time to train, is preoccupied with current operations, is facing a complex and ambiguous future operating environment, and shrinking resources. Adding to the problem is a training doctrine whic.

Book Army Physical Readiness Training

Download or read book Army Physical Readiness Training written by U. S. US ARMY and published by . This book was released on 2017-09-24 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical readiness training prepares Soldiers and units for the physical challenges of fulfilling the mission in theface of a wide range of threats, in complex operational environments, and with emerging technologies. Part I, Philosophy, covers approach, system, and leadership. Part II, Strategy, covers types of programs, planning considerations, and special conditioningprograms. Part III, Activities, covers execution of training, preparation and recovery, strength and mobility, andendurance and mobility. Appendix A is the Army Physical Fitness Test. Appendix B discusses climbing bars. Appendix C discusses posture and body mechanics. Appendix D discusses environmental considerations. Appendix E discusses obstacle negotiation.This field manual-- Provides Soldiers and leaders with the doctrine of Army physical readiness training. Reflects lessons learned in battles past and present, time-tested theories, and principles and emergingtrends in physical culture. Helps ensure the continuity of our nation's strength and security. Prepares Soldiers physically for full spectrum operations. Explains training requirements and objectives. Provides instructions, required resources, and reasons why physical fitness is a directed mandatorytraining requirement as specified in AR 350-1, Army Training and Leader Development. Allows leaders to adapt physical readiness training to unit missions and individual capabilities. Guides leaders in the progressive conditioning of Soldier strength, endurance, and mobility. Provides a variety of physical readiness training activities that enhance military skills needed foreffective combat and duty performance.

Book Enhancing Performance Under Stress

Download or read book Enhancing Performance Under Stress written by Sean Robson and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: USAF par rescue and combat controllers routinely recover downed or injured military personnel and direct military aircraft in hostile or denied regions. Consequently, to be effective in these careers requires the ability to cope with severe stress. The USAF uses many strategies to ensure that battlefield airmen perform well under stress but one strategy, termed stress inoculation training, has not been fully incorporated as a training element.

Book Army Physical Readiness Training

Download or read book Army Physical Readiness Training written by Department of the Army and published by . This book was released on 2017-08-20 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Includes Change No. 1) Soldier physical readiness is acquired through the challenge of a precise, progressive, and integrated physical training program. A well-conceived plan of military physical readiness training must be an integral part of every unit training program. This field manual prescribes doctrine for the execution of the Army Physical Readiness Training System. The Army assesses, plans, prepares, and executes training and leader development through training based on tasks, conditions, and standards. Knowing the task, assessing the level of proficiency against the standard and developing a sustained or improved training plan is the essence of all Army training. Army training overall prepares Soldiers, leaders, and units to fight in the full spectrum of operations. Combat readiness is the Army's primary focus as it transitions to a more agile, versatile, lethal, and survivable force. Physical readiness training prepares Soldiers and units for the physical challenges of fulfilling the mission in the face of a wide range of threats, in complex operational environments, and with emerging technologies. This field manual-"Army Physical Readiness Training" -Provides Soldiers and leaders with the doctrine of Army physical readiness training, Reflects lessons learned in battles past and present, time-tested theories, and principles and emerging trends in physical culture, Helps ensure the continuity of our nation's strength and security, Prepares Soldiers physically for full spectrum operations, Explains training requirements and objectives, Provides instructions, required resources, and reasons why physical fitness is a directed mandatory training requirement as specified in AR 350-1, Army Training and Leader Development, Allows leaders to adapt physical readiness training to unit missions and individual capabilities, Guides leaders in the progressive conditioning of Soldier strength, endurance, and mobility, Provides a variety of physical readiness training activities that enhance military skills needed for effective combat and duty performance.

Book Training Model for Contingency Operations

Download or read book Training Model for Contingency Operations written by Matthew L. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report documents the process and the products of a study examining training and training support for units involved in deployments for contingency operations. The purpose of this study was to assist U.S. Army leaders and training resource managers to better train units, staffs, leaders and soldiers based on the realities and challenges of the 21st century operational environment. It was completed in support of a specific request made by the U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) for assistance in providing training support to Army ground forces preparing for, participating in, or returning from contingency operations. The study began by surveying the existing body of knowledge concerning U.S. military contingency operations and military deployments conducted in the 1990s. The survey's purpose was to identify and codify full spectrum training and training resource requirements for units participating in contingency operations. The survey's findings were then used to develop an improved training model and associated templates, and to recommend changes in current training policies and procedures. The eight principal recommendations address training strategies, training documentation, resourcing, decision- making, and training management.

Book Army Physical Readiness Training FM 7 22

Download or read book Army Physical Readiness Training FM 7 22 written by United States Government Us Army and published by Echo Point Books & Media. This book was released on 2015-12-31 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soldier physical readiness is acquired through a precise, progressive, and integrated physical training program. A well-conceived plan of military physical readiness training must be an integral part of every unit training program. This field manual prescribes doctrine for the execution of the Army Physical Readiness Training System. Physical readiness training prepares soldiers and units for the physical challenges of fulfilling the mission in the face of a wide range of threats, in complex operational environments, and with emerging technologies. This field manual: Provides soldiers and leaders with the doctrine of Army physical readiness training. Reflects on lessons learned in battles past and present; time-tested theories; and principles and emerging trends in physical culture. Helps ensure the continuity of our nation's strength and security. Prepares soldiers physically for the full spectrum of operations. Explains training requirements and objectives. Provides instructions, required resources, and reasons why physical fitness is a directed mandatory training requirement. Guides leaders in the progressive conditioning of soldier strength, endurance, and mobility. Provides a variety of physical readiness training activities that enhance military skills needed for effective combat and duty performance. For soldiers, athletes, adventurers, and gym-rats alike, this is the definitive guide to military-level training for physical fitness. For related U.S. Army manuals, see: US Army Survival Manual FM 21-76, Ranger Handbook SH 21-76 (Revised), and Map Reading and Land Navigation. Readers interested in related titles from The U.S. Army will also want to see: Army Guerrilla Warfare Handbook (ISBN: 9781626542730) Army Guide to Boobytraps (ISBN: 9781626544703) Army Improvised Munitions Handbook (ISBN: 9781626542679) Army Leadership Field Manual FM 22-100 (ISBN: 9781626544291) Army M-1 Garand Technical Manual (ISBN: 9781626543300) Army Special Forces Guide to Unconventional Warfare (ISBN: 9781626542709) Army Survival Manual FM 21-76 (ISBN: 9781626544413) Army/Marine Corps Counterinsurgency Field Manual (ISBN: 9781626544246) Map Reading and Land Navigation FM 3-25.26 (ISBN: 9781626542983) Ranger Handbook SH 21-76 (ISBN: 9781626545199) Rigging Techniques, Procedures, and Applications FM 5-125 (ISBN: 9781626544338) Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment FM 3-05.222 (ISBN: 9781626544482) The Infantry Rifle Platoon and Squad FM 3-21.8 / 7-8 (ISBN: 9781626544277) Understanding Rigging (ISBN: 9781626544673)

Book Training the Force

    Book Details:
  • Author : Department of the Army
  • Publisher :
  • Release : 2002-10-22
  • ISBN : 9781467990547
  • Pages : 124 pages

Download or read book Training the Force written by Department of the Army and published by . This book was released on 2002-10-22 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U. S. Army exists for one reason-to serve the Nation. From the earliest days of its creation, the Army has embodied and defended the American way of life and its constitutional system of government. It will continue to answer the call to fight and win our Nation's wars, whenever and wherever they may occur. That is the Army's non negotiable contract with the American people. The Army will do whatever the Nation asks it to do, from decisively winning wars to promoting and keeping the peace. To this end, the Army must be strategically responsive and ready to be dominant at every point across the full spectrum of military operations. Today, the Army must meet the challenge of a wider range of threats and a more complex set of operating environments while incorporating new and diverse technology. The Army meets these challenges through its core competencies: Shape the Security Environment, Prompt Response, Mobilize the Army, Forcible Entry Operations, Sustained Land Dominance and Support Civil Authorities. We must maintain combat readiness as our primary focus while transitioning to a more agile, versatile, lethal, and survivable Army. Doctrine represents a professional army's collective thinking about how it intends to fight, train, equip, and modernize. When the first edition of FM 25-100, Training the Force, was published in 1988, it represented a revolution in the way the Army trains. The doctrine articulated by FMs 25-100, Training the Force, and 25-101, Battle Focused Training, has served the Army well. These enduring principles of training remain sound; much of the content of these manuals remains valid for both today and well into the future. FM 7-0 updates FM 25-100 to our current operational environment and will soon be followed by FM 7-1, which will update FM 25-101. FM 7-0 is the Army's capstone training doctrine and is applicable to all units, at all levels, and in all components. While the examples in this manual are principally focused at division and below, FM 7-0 provides the essential fundamentals for all individual, leader, and unit training. Training for warfighting is our number one priority in peace and in war. Warfighting readiness is derived from tactical and technical competence and confidence. Competence relates to the ability to fight our doctrine through tactical and technical execution. Confidence is the individual and collective belief that we can do all things better than the adversary and the unit possesses the trust and will to accomplish the mission. FM 7-0 provides the training and leader development methodology that forms the foundation for developing competent and confident soldiers and units that will win decisively in any environment. Training is the means to achieve tactical and technical competence for specific tasks, conditions, and standards. Leader Development is the deliberate, continuous, sequential, and progressive process, based on Army values, that develops soldiers and civilians into competent and confident leaders capable of decisive action. Closing the gap between training, leader development, and battlefield performance has always been the critical challenge for any army. Overcoming this challenge requires achieving the correct balance between training management and training execution. Training management focuses leaders on the science of training in terms of resource efficiencies (such as people, time, and ammunition) measured against tasks and standards. Training execution focuses leaders on the art of leadership to develop trust, will, and teamwork under varying conditions intangibles that must be developed to win decisively in combat. Leaders integrate this science and art to identify the right tasks, conditions, and standards in training, foster unit will and spirit, and then adapt to the battlefield to win decisively.