Download or read book Correlation and Prediction of Snow Water Equivalent from Snow Sensors written by Bruce J. McGurk and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1982, under an agreement between the California Department of Water Resources and the USDA Forest Service, snow sensors have been installed and operated in Forest Service-administered wilderness areas in the Sierra Nevada of California. The sensors are to be removed by 2005 because of the premise that sufficient data will have been collected to allow "correlation" and, by implication, prediction of wilderness snow data by nonwilderness sensors that are typically at a lower elevation. Because analysis of snow water equivalent (SWE) data from these wilderness sensors would not be possible until just before they are due to be removed, "surrogate pairs" of high- and low-elevation snow sensors were selected to determine whether correlation and prediction might be achieved. Surrogate pairs of sensors with between 5 and 15 years of concurrent data were selected, and correlation and regression were used to examine the statistical feasibility of SWE prediction after "removal" of the wilderness sensors. Of the 10 pairs analyzed, two pairs achieved a correlation coefficient of 0.95 or greater. Four more had a correlation of 0.94 for the accumulation period after the snow season was split into accumulation and melt periods. Standard errors of estimate for the better fits ranged from 15 to 25 percent of the mean April 1 snow water equivalent at the high-elevation sensor. With the best sensor pairs, standard errors of 10 percent were achieved. If this prediction error is acceptable to water supply forecasters, sensor operation through 2005 in the wilderness may produce predictive relationships that are useful after the wilderness sensors are removed

Download or read book Predicting Forest Snow Water Equivalent written by James A. Bergman and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Correlation and Prediction of Snow Water Equivalent from Snow Sensors written by Bruce J. McGurk and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Correlation and Prediction of Snow Water Equivalent from Snow Sensors written by Bruce J. McGurk and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1982, under an agreement between the California Department of Water Resources and the USDA Forest Service, snow sensors have been installed and operated in Forest Service-administered wilderness areas in the Sierra Nevada of California. The sensors are to be removed by 2005 because of the premise that sufficient data will have been collected to allow "correlation" and, by implication, prediction of wilderness snow data by nonwilderness sensors that are typically at a lower elevation. Because analysis of snow water equivalent (SWE) data from these wilderness sensors would not be possible until just before they are due to be removed, "surrogate pairs" of high- and low-elevation snow sensors were selected to determine whether correlation and prediction might be achieved. Surrogate pairs of sensors with between 5 and 15 years of concurrent data were selected, and correlation and regression were used to examine the statistical feasibility of SWE prediction after "removal" of the wilderness sensors. Of the 10 pairs analyzed, two pairs achieved a correlation coefficient of 0.95 or greater. Four more had a correlation of 0.94 for the accumulation period after the snow season was split into accumulation and melt periods. Standard errors of estimate for the better fits ranged from 15 to 25 percent of the mean April 1 snow water equivalent at the high-elevation sensor. With the best sensor pairs, standard errors of 10 percent were achieved. If this prediction error is acceptable to water supply forecasters, sensor operation through 2005 in the wilderness may produce predictive relationships that are useful after the wilderness sensors are removed.

Download or read book Prediction of Snow water Equivalents in Coniferous Forests written by A. S. Harestad and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Principles of Snow Hydrology written by David R. DeWalle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-07-03 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Snow Hydrology describes the factors that control the accumulation, melting and runoff of water from seasonal snowpacks over the surface of the earth. The book addresses not only the basic principles governing snow in the hydrologic cycle, but also the latest applications of remote sensing, and techniques for modeling streamflow from snowmelt across large mixed land-use river basins. Individual chapters are devoted to climatology and distribution of snow, snowpack energy exchange, snow chemistry, ground-based measurements and remote sensing of snowpack characteristics, snowpack management, and modeling snowmelt runoff. Many chapters have review questions and problems with solutions available online. This book is a reference book for practicing water resources managers and a text for advanced hydrology and water resources courses which span fields such as engineering, earth sciences, meteorology, biogeochemistry, forestry and range management, and water resources planning.

Download or read book Forests Water Guidelines written by Great Britain. Forestry Commission and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work advises owners and managers how woodlands and forests influence the freshwater ecosystem, and gives guidance on how operations should be carried out in order to protect and enhance the water environment. The guidelines apply equally to forest enterprises and the private sector.

Download or read book Estimating Snow Water Equivalent from Shallow Snowpack Depth Measurements in the Great Salt Lake Desert Basin written by Lance C. Kovel, P.E. and published by . This book was released on 2013-11-23 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An independent technical study evaluating the use of snowpack depth measurements to estimate snow water equivalent (SWE) of shallow and ephemeral snowpacks in the Great Salt Lake Desert Basin, located in Utah, Nevada, and Idaho. A parameterized bulk snow density model was combined with mean air temperature measurements to predict snow water equivalent in the Great Salt Lake Desert Basin using only snowpack depth measurements and prior 10-day average daily mean air temperatures. The model was developed using historic snowpack data obtained from a limited number of automated snowpack telemetry (SNOTEL) and weather stations within and near the Basin. Model results from lower-elevation, shallow and ephemeral snowpacks may be used to supplement data obtained from existing SNOTEL stations, sparsely located in the higher elevations of the Basin, to create a more-complete and accurate prediction of the Basin’s snow water equivalent, which may be used to better-manage the water demands of the Basin’s surrounding populations.

Download or read book Water Climate Change and Forests written by Michael J. Furniss and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Water from forested watersheds provides irreplaceable habitat for aquatic and riparian species and supports our homes, farms, industries, and energy production. Yet population pressures, land uses, and rapid climate change combine to seriously threaten these waters and the resilience of watersheds in most places. Forest land managers are expected to anticipate and respond to these threats and steward forested watersheds to ensure the sustained protection and provision of water and the services it provides. Contents of this report: (1) Intro.; (2) Background: Forests and Water; Climate Change: Hydrologic Responses and Ecosystem Services; (3) Moving Forward: Think; Collaborate; Act; (4) Closing; (5) Examples of Watershed Stewardship. Illus.

Download or read book Snow Depth and Snow Water Equivalent written by Stephen L. Baron and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Snow and Climate written by Richard L. Armstrong and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-04-24 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the prevailing state of snow-climate science for researchers and advanced students.

Download or read book Compendium of Meteorology written by Thomas F Malone and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Active Subspaces written by Paul G. Constantine and published by SIAM. This book was released on 2015-03-17 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists and engineers use computer simulations to study relationships between a model's input parameters and its outputs. However, thorough parameter studies are challenging, if not impossible, when the simulation is expensive and the model has several inputs. To enable studies in these instances, the engineer may attempt to reduce the dimension of the model's input parameter space. Active subspaces are an emerging set of dimension reduction tools that identify important directions in the parameter space. This book describes techniques for discovering a model's active subspace and proposes methods for exploiting the reduced dimension to enable otherwise infeasible parameter studies. Readers will find new ideas for dimension reduction, easy-to-implement algorithms, and several examples of active subspaces in action.

Download or read book Thriving on Our Changing Planet written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-20 with total page 717 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live on a dynamic Earth shaped by both natural processes and the impacts of humans on their environment. It is in our collective interest to observe and understand our planet, and to predict future behavior to the extent possible, in order to effectively manage resources, successfully respond to threats from natural and human-induced environmental change, and capitalize on the opportunities â€" social, economic, security, and more â€" that such knowledge can bring. By continuously monitoring and exploring Earth, developing a deep understanding of its evolving behavior, and characterizing the processes that shape and reshape the environment in which we live, we not only advance knowledge and basic discovery about our planet, but we further develop the foundation upon which benefits to society are built. Thriving on Our Changing Planet presents prioritized science, applications, and observations, along with related strategic and programmatic guidance, to support the U.S. civil space Earth observation program over the coming decade.

Download or read book Snow Ecology written by H. G. Jones and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-01-15 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multidisciplinary 2001 overview of life in, on and under snow for anyone interested in the cryosphere.

Download or read book Microwave Scattering and Emission Models and Their Applications written by Adrian K. Fung and published by Artech House Remote Sensing Li. This book was released on 1994 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "An excellent reference book. Treatment is thorough in terms of starting from some fundamental assumptions and working through the details so the reader may understand both the mathematical derivation and the physical basis for the resulting phase distribution functions (PDFs). [Fung's] discussion of the dependence of the PDF on the scattering parameters and the range of possible values is extremely helpful, and the illustration of the terrain scattering PDF is quite clear."

Download or read book Next Generation Earth System Prediction written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-08-22 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the nation's economic activities, security concerns, and stewardship of natural resources become increasingly complex and globally interrelated, they become ever more sensitive to adverse impacts from weather, climate, and other natural phenomena. For several decades, forecasts with lead times of a few days for weather and other environmental phenomena have yielded valuable information to improve decision-making across all sectors of society. Developing the capability to forecast environmental conditions and disruptive events several weeks and months in advance could dramatically increase the value and benefit of environmental predictions, saving lives, protecting property, increasing economic vitality, protecting the environment, and informing policy choices. Over the past decade, the ability to forecast weather and climate conditions on subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) timescales, i.e., two to fifty-two weeks in advance, has improved substantially. Although significant progress has been made, much work remains to make S2S predictions skillful enough, as well as optimally tailored and communicated, to enable widespread use. Next Generation Earth System Predictions presents a ten-year U.S. research agenda that increases the nation's S2S research and modeling capability, advances S2S forecasting, and aids in decision making at medium and extended lead times.