Download or read book The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation written by Lester Kaufman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-16 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The bestselling workbook and grammar guide, revised and updated! Hailed as one of the best books around for teaching grammar, The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation includes easy-to-understand rules, abundant examples, dozens of reproducible quizzes, and pre- and post-tests to help teach grammar to middle and high schoolers, college students, ESL students, homeschoolers, and more. This concise, entertaining workbook makes learning English grammar and usage simple and fun. This updated 12th edition reflects the latest updates to English usage and grammar, and includes answers to all reproducible quizzes to facilitate self-assessment and learning. Clear and concise, with easy-to-follow explanations, offering "just the facts" on English grammar, punctuation, and usage Fully updated to reflect the latest rules, along with even more quizzes and pre- and post-tests to help teach grammar Ideal for students from seventh grade through adulthood in the US and abroad For anyone who wants to understand the major rules and subtle guidelines of English grammar and usage, The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation offers comprehensive, straightforward instruction.
Download or read book The Internal Structure of Predicates and Names written by Richard L Epstein and published by Advanced Reasoning Forum. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series of volumes is meant to extend the scope of what we can formalize in classical predicate logic, and in doing so see the limitations of what can be done. The first section of this volume presents classical predicate logic with equality. In the second section, that logic is extended to formalize reasoning that involves adverbs and relative adjectives by viewing those as modifiers of simpler predicates. What is normally taken to be an atomic predicate, such as "barking loudly", can then have internal structure. Reasoning that involves conjunctions of terms, as in "Tom and Dick lifted the table", conjunctions of modifiers, conjunctions of predicates, and disjunctions of predicates can also be formalized by viewing them as part of the internal structure of atomic predicates. Many questions about the nature of formalizing arise in doing this. The internal structure of names is the topic of the third and last section. Names for functions are used in classical predicate logic to form complex names. In our ordinary reasoning we also use descriptions to form functions, such as "the wife of", and descriptions to form names, such as "the cat that scratched Zoe". To reason with those we can take account of their internal structure by dropping the assumption that every name must refer to a specific thing. The formal systems that are developed here are meant to help us understand how to reason well. Many worked examples show how to use them. Those examples also uncover limitations of the formal work. Throughout this series of volumes, the work proceeds by abstracting and creating formal models to formalize reasoning. By paying attention to the process of abstracting we gain insight into why we consider some reasoning to be good and some reasoning bad, and insight also into the deeper assumptions we make about the world on which our judgments rely.
Download or read book Predicates and Terms in Functional Grammar written by A. M. Bolkestein and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-10-08 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "Predicates and Terms in Functional Grammar".
Download or read book Predicates and Their Subjects written by Susan Rothstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Predicates and their Subjects is an in-depth study of the syntax-semantics interface focusing on the structure of the subject-predicate relation. Starting from where the author's 1983 dissertation left off, the book argues that there is syntactic constraint that clauses (small and tensed) are constructed out of a one-place unsaturated expression, the predicate, which must be applied to a syntactic argument, its subject. The author shows that this predication relation cannot be reduced to a thematic relation or a projection of argument structure, but must be a purely syntactic constraint. Chapters in the book show how the syntactic predication relation is semantically interpreted, and how the predication relation explains constraints on DP-raising and on the distribution of pleonastics in English. The second half of the book extends the theory of predication to cover copular constructions; it includes an account of the structure of small clauses in Hebrew, of the use of `be' in predicative and identity sentences in English, and concludes with a study of the meaning of the verb `be'.
Download or read book Complex Predicates in Nonderivational Syntax written by Erhard Hinrichs and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-06-15 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers research in complex predicates within a variety of languages, such as German, Dutch, Italian, French, Korean and Urdu. This work focuses on diverse aspects of complex predicate phenomena, including order variation, constituency relations, interactions with other construction types, argument relations, and the syntax morphology interface.
Download or read book Possessors Predicates and Movement in the Determiner Phrase written by Artemis Alexiadou and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1998-10-15 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a cross-section of current research on the internal syntax of ‘Determiner Phrases` (DPs), with special emphasis on the analysis of DPs modified by genitival, adjectival and other non-finite attributes. Possessors, Predicates and Movement in the DP illustrates clearly the ongoing debate over older and more recent approaches to the syntax of DPs in particular in the wake of the minimalist program (Chomsky 1995) and Kayne’s antisymmetry hypothesis (Kayne 1994). The relative theoretical coherence among the contributions permits detailed comparison of specific syntactic proposals, providing a solid basis for further debate. Several of the papers address the syntactic questions in parallel with related semantic or morphological issues. The value of this collection to the study of Universal Grammar is also underlined by its comparative bias. Analyses of Germanic, Romance and Balkan languages figure prominently, and a number of new empirical generalizations within and between languages are discussed.
Download or read book Origins of Predicates written by Tomio Hirose and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-06 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a new perspective on natural language predicates by analyzing data from the Plains Cree language. Contrary to traditional understanding, Cree verbal complexes are syntactic constructs composed of morphemes as syntactic objects that are subject to structurally defined constraints, such as c-command. Tomio Hirose illustrates this in his study of vP syntax, event semantics, morphology-syntax mappings, unaccusativity, noun incorporation, and valency-reducing phenomena.
Download or read book Building Predicates written by Justin Nuger and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-01 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a comprehensive analysis of the syntax of Palauan that will appeal to anyone interested in Austronesian languages or formal syntactic and morphological theory. This volume proposes that words in Palauan are not drawn directly from a mental lexicon, but are instead composed at least partially in the syntax. Using original data from syntactic constructions not previously explored in the language, the author entertains several competing theories of word formation and highlights the compatible and incompatible aspects of each, through an exploration into new corners of Palauan syntax and morphology.
Download or read book Complex Predicates written by Mengistu Amberber and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-04-22 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complex predicates are multipredicational, but monoclausal structures. They have proven problematic for linguistic theory, particularly for proposed distinctions between the lexicon, morphology, and syntax. This volume focuses on the mapping from morphosyntactic structures to event structure, and in particular the constraints on possible mappings. The volume showcases the 'coverb construction', a complex predicate construction which, though widespread, has received little attention in the literature. The coverb construction contrasts with more familiar serial verb constructions. The coverb construction generally maps only to event structures like those of monomorphemic verbs, whereas serial verb constructions map to a range of event structures differing from those of monomorphemic verbs. The volume coverage is truly cross-linguistic, including languages from Australia, Papua New Guinea, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, East Africa and North America. The volume establishes a new arena of research in event structure, syntax, and cross-linguistic typology.
Download or read book Subjects and Predicates written by Linda Newman and published by Milliken Publishing Company. This book was released on 1998-09-01 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduce your students to the basics of subjects and predicates with these fun-filled activities! Your students will have a blast while learning about simple and compound subjects and predicates, direct and indirect objects, predicate nominatives, predicate adjectives, and more! Answer key is included.
Download or read book The Structure of Complex Predicates in Urdu written by Miriam Butt and published by Center for the Study of Language (CSLI). This book was released on 1995-07 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes a detailed look at two differing complex predicates in the South Asian language Urdu. The Urdu permissive in particular brings into focus the problem of the syntax-semantics mismatch. An examination of the syntactic properties of this complex predicate shows that it is formed by the combination of two semantic heads, but that this combination is not mirrored in the syntax in terms of any kind of syntactic or lexical incorporation.
Download or read book Complex Predicates in Q anjob al Maya written by Eladio Mateo Toledo and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-10-17 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, Eladio Mateo Toledo provides a description and analysis of resultatives, end-states, monitoring constructions, ditransitives, causatives, and directional constructions. Although causatives and directionals are explored in Mayan languages, this is the first coherent account of a series complex predicates in a Mayan language.
Download or read book Argument Realisation in Complex Predicates and Complex Events written by Brian Nolan and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive investigative study of argument realisation in complex predicates and complex events at the syntax-semantic interface across a wide variety of the world’s languages, ranging over languages such as German, Irish, Sicilian and Italian, Lithuanian, Estonian and other Finno-Ugric languages, Pitjantjatjara, Yankunytjatjara and Ngaanyatjarra from Australia’s Western Desert region, Japanese, Tepehua (Totonacan, Mexico), Cheyenne, Mexican Spanish, Boharic Coptic, and Persian. This volume examines the syntactic variation of complex events, complex predicates and multi-verb constructions within a single clause where the clause is view as representing a single event, studying their semantics and syntax within functional, cognitive and constructional frameworks, to arrive at a better understanding of their cross linguistic behaviour and how they resonate in syntax. These constructions manifest considerable variability in cross-linguistic comparisons of complex predicate formation. In European languages, for example, typically one of the verbs in a verb-verb construction highlights a phase of an underspecified event while the matrix verb specifies the actual event. In contrast, serial verbs require each verb to provide a sub-event dimension within a complex event that is viewed holistically as unitary in syntax. This book contributes to an understanding of complex events, complex predicates and multi-verb constructions across languages, their syntactic constructional patterns and argument realisation.
Download or read book Approaches to Complex Predicates written by Léa Nash and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-04-26 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complex predicates can be loosely defined as a sequence of items that behave as a single predicate, projecting a single argument structure within a clause. Each of the members of the predicate contributes part of the information ordinarily associated with a single head. The present volume presents a collection of theoretical linguistic results on the study of complex predicates in different perspectives and with a variety of approaches. Important empirical and theoretical issues cutting across various subfields of linguistics are being addressed in this book, such as: • Syntactic and semantic modeling of complex predicate formation: compositionality, argument structure, event structure. • Differences between syntactic and morphological processes of lexeme formation. • Typological and diachronic issues in complex predicate formation. • Neo-Davidsonian analyses of abstract predicate decomposition and its morphological correlates. Contributors are: Ane Berro, Denis Creissels, Hannah Gibson, Adele Goldberg, Lutz Marten, Annie Montaut, Léa Nash, Pooja Paul, Pollet Samvelian, Peter Svenonius, and Susanne Wurmbrand.
Download or read book Relations and Predicates written by Herbert Hochberg and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in the age-old problems of universals and individuation has received a new impetus from the current revival of ontology in the analytic tradition, the development of theories of individual properties (and the related application of mereological calculi to the analysis of predication), and the particular problems posed by relational predication and the nature of particulars. The essays explore aspects of the history of the issues and attempt to deal with the issues and with challenges to the distinctions that give rise to them. They continue the debates stemming from the revival of metaphysics rooted in Freges realism, the Austrian tradition of Brentano-Husserl-Meinong, and the early 20th century revolt against idealism embodied in writings of Moore and Russell and culminating in Wittgensteins Tractatus.
Download or read book Composite Predicates in English written by Ray Cattell and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-13 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Predicates and Temporal Arguments written by Theodore B. Fernald and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2000 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A distinction is made in formal semantics between "stage-level predicates," predicates that describe the general state of a noun, and "individual-level predicates," predicates that specify the specific properties of a noun. Fernald investigates various contexts in which this distinction is traditionally said to come into play. His aim is to show that the effects displayed are not uniform, and that the differences between the analyses proposed in the literature arise from the authors considering different subsets of data that they take to exemplyify the "core" meaning of the stage/individual distinction. Fernald presents alternatives and extensions that shed light on the limitations of previous theories, as well as making original observations about important aspects of the topic, including coercion, and perceptual reports vs. other phenomena.
