Download or read book Pre Columbian Trans Oceanic Contact written by Jerald Fritzinger and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2016-03-14 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pre-Columbian Trans-Oceanic Contact examines the discovery and settlement of The New World hundreds and even thousands of years before Christopher Columbus was born.
Download or read book Polynesians in America written by Terry L. Jones and published by Rowman Altamira. This book was released on 2011-01-16 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The possibility that Polynesian seafarers made landfall and interacted with the native people of the New World before Columbus has been the topic of academic discussion for well over a century, although American archaeologists have considered the idea verboten since the 1970s. Fresh discoveries made with the aid of new technologies along with re-evaluation of longstanding but often-ignored evidence provide a stronger case than ever before for multiple prehistoric Polynesian landfalls. This book reviews the debate, evaluates theoretical trends that have discouraged consideration of trans-oceanic contacts, summarizes the historic evidence and supplements it with recent archaeological, linguistic, botanical, and physical anthropological findings. Written by leading experts in their fields, this is a must-have volume for archaeologists, historians, anthropologists and anyone else interested in the remarkable long-distance voyages made by Polynesians. The combined evidence is used to argue that that Polynesians almost certainly made landfall in southern South America on the coast of Chile, in northern South America in the vicinity of the Gulf of Guayaquil, and on the coast of southern California in North America.
Download or read book Ancient Ocean Crossings written by Stephen C. Jett and published by University of Alabama Press. This book was released on 2017-06-06 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paints a compelling picture of impressive pre-Columbian cultures and Old World civilizations that, contrary to many prevailing notions, were not isolated from one another In Ancient Ocean Crossings: Reconsidering the Case for Contacts with the Pre-Columbian Americas, Stephen Jett encourages readers to reevaluate the common belief that there was no significant interchange between the chiefdoms and civilizations of Eurasia and Africa and peoples who occupied the alleged terra incognita beyond the great oceans. More than a hundred centuries separate the time that Ice Age hunters are conventionally thought to have crossed a land bridge from Asia into North America and the arrival of Columbus in the Bahamas in 1492. Traditional belief has long held that earth’s two hemispheres were essentially cut off from one another as a result of the post-Pleistocene meltwater-fed rising oceans that covered that bridge. The oceans, along with arctic climates and daunting terrestrial distances, formed impermeable barriers to interhemispheric communication. This viewpoint implies that the cultures of the Old World and those of the Americas developed independently. Drawing on abundant and concrete evidence to support his theory for significant pre-Columbian contacts, Jett suggests that many ancient peoples had both the seafaring capabilities and the motives to cross the oceans and, in fact, did so repeatedly and with great impact. His deep and broad work synthesizes information and ideas from archaeology, geography, linguistics, climatology, oceanography, ethnobotany, genetics, medicine, and the history of navigation and seafaring, making an innovative and persuasive multidisciplinary case for a new understanding of human societies and their diffuse but interconnected development.
Download or read book Pre Columbian Contact with the Americas Across the Oceans written by John L. Sorenson and published by Research Press (UT). This book was released on 1996 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Traveling Prehistoric Seas written by Alice Beck Kehoe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alice Kehoe uses critical analysis of large bodies of interdisciplinary evidence to help scholars and students reevaluate the highly controversial theory that people sailed large distances across oceans in ancient times.
Download or read book World Trade and Biological Exchanges Before 1492 written by John L. Sorenson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People moved into America very early across the Bering Strait. By the fifth millennia B.C.E. tropical sailors brought diseases to America and took plants and animals in both directions. Long before Columbus, tropical sailors carefully selected crops from New World highlands and shorelines, wet and dry climates, and took them to the Old World where they were grown in appropriate environments. Medicinal and psychedelic plants were traded and maintained in Egypt and Peru during separate, 1,400-year periods. This implies that maritime trade was continuous. In this groundbreaking book, learn about: ● 84 plants that were taken from the Americas to the Old World. ● What plants and animals were brought to the Americas. ● Why world trade was essential for transfer of so many. ● Interconnectedness of civilizations had to result from world trade. ● Dating of 18 species by archaeology with radio carbon shows dispersal. ● And much more! Plants, diseases, and animals from America were distributed throughout the world, across the oceans before 1492. It is time for scientists, teachers, and students to reconsider their beliefs about the early history of civilization with World Trade and Biological Exchanges Before 1492. ABOUT THE AUTHORS: John L. Sorenson is an emeritus professor of anthropology at Brigham Young University. He earned a doctorate in archeology from UCLA. Carl L. Johannessen is an emeritus professor of biogeography at the University of Oregon. He earned a doctorate in geography from the University of California at Berkeley.
Download or read book Contact and Exchange in the Ancient World written by Victor H. Mair and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2006-05-31 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do civilizations independently invent themselves or are they the result of cultural diffusion? The contributors to this volume do not attempt to provide a definitive answer to this contentious question, one of the most debated issues of the past century. Instead, they shift the focus from theory to reality by presenting empirical evidence on a wide range of cultural phenomena in history and prehistory, thereby demonstrating the processes whereby cultural traits are acquired and modified—the dynamics of transmission and transformation. The range of topics covered in this volume is of extraordinary breadth: the distribution of belt hooks and belts from the steppes to North and Central China; textile exchange in the third millennium B.C.; the spread of bronze metallurgy across Asia; the adaptation of complicated technologies by distant peoples; the mechanisms whereby bronze implements were used to convey political messages in East Asia; the ethnogenesis of the Turks; the complex interrelationships among migratory and settled peoples in western Central Asia during the Bronze Age; the origins of the enigmatic Chinese goddess known as Queen Mother of the West; an account of hunting with trained cheetahs; and the use of abundant botanical and zoological evidence to affirm that the Old World and the New World must have been in contact long before the fifteenth century. Rounding out the volume is a survey of the problem of modernocentrism.
Download or read book The Lost Colonies of Ancient America written by Frank Joseph and published by New Page Books. This book was released on 2013-10 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The question is no longer 'Who discovered America?' Thanks to Frank Joseph, the question is now, 'Who didn't discover America?'" --David Goudsward, author, Ancient Stone Sites of New England and the Debate Over Early European Exploration "Here is the history of ancient America you were never taught at school. Frank Joseph, drawing on decades of meticulous research and exploration, has uncovered the evidence that rewrites the history books. A vital addition to the library of anyone seeking knowledge of America's forgotten past." --David Jones, editor, New Dawn Magazine The Original Visitors to the New World Revealed Was America truly unknown to the outside world until Christopher Columbus "discovered" it in 1492? Could a people gifted enough to raise the Great Pyramid more than 4,000 years ago have lacked the skills necessary to build a ship capable of crossing the Atlantic? Did the Phoenicians, who circumnavigated the African continent in 600 bc, never consider sailing farther? Were the Vikings, the most fearless warriors and seafarers of all time, terrified at the prospect of a transoceanic voyage? If so, how are we to account for an Egyptian temple accidentally unearthed by Tennessee Valley Authority workers in 1935? What is a beautifully crafted metal plate with the image of a Phoenician woman doing in the Utah desert? And who can explain the discovery of Viking houses and wharves excavated outside of Boston? These enigmas are but a tiny fraction of the abundant physical proof for Old World visitors to our continent hundreds and thousands of years ago. In addition, Sumerians, Minoans, Romans, Celts, ancient Hebrews, Indonesians, Africans, Chinese, Japanese, Welsh, Irish, and the Knights Templar all made their indelible, if neglected, mark on our land.
Download or read book They Came Before Columbus written by Ivan Van Sertima and published by Random House Trade Paperbacks. This book was released on 2003-09-23 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The African presence in ancient America"--Jacket subtitle.
Download or read book First Peoples in a New World written by David J. Meltzer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-07 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of Ice Age Americans, highlighting genetic, archaeological and geological evidence that has revolutionized our understanding of their origins, antiquity, and adaptations.
Download or read book Norse America written by Gordon Campbell and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The story of the Vikings in North America as both fact and fiction, from the westward expansion of the Norse across the North Atlantic in the tenth and eleventh centuries to the myths and fabrications about their presence there that have developed in recent centuries. Tracking the saga of the Norse across the North Atlantic to America, Norse America sets the record straight about the idea that the Vikings 'discovered' America. The journey described is a continuum, with evidence-based history and archaeology at one end, and fake history and outright fraud at the other. In between there lies a huge expanse of uncertainty: sagas that may contain shards of truth, characters that may be partly historical, real archaeology that may be interpreted through the fictions of saga, and fragmentary evidence open to responsible and irresponsible interpretation. Norse America is a book that tells two stories. The first is the westward expansion of the Norse across the North Atlantic in the tenth and eleventh centuries, ending (but not culminating) in a fleeting and ill-documented presence on the shores of the North American mainland. The second is the appropriation and enhancement of the westward narrative by Canadians and Americans who want America to have had white North European origins, who therefore want the Vikings to have 'discovered' America, and who in the advancement of that thesis have been willing to twist and manufacture evidence in support of claims grounded in an ideology of racial superiority.
Download or read book Westviking written by Farley Mowat and published by Douglas & McIntyre. This book was released on 2024-09-28 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Step into the world of sagas, longships, and enigmatic Norse explorers with Farley Mowat’s captivating historical account, Westviking. The Viking sagas speak of a land called Vinland, a place of abundant resources and possibilities. Nearly a thousand years after the events those tales describe, Farley Mowat sets out to decipher these ancient accounts and trace their path along the rugged coastlines of the North Atlantic. In this celebrated classic, first published in 1965, Mowat’s immersive storytelling brings Viking culture to life as he tells the story of Viking settlement in Vinland—now thought to include areas of Newfoundland and New Brunswick—five hundred years before Christopher Columbus and John Cabot. With the vivid prose that made him a bestselling author and beloved storyteller, Mowat follows the stories of Norsemen like Erik the Red, Leif Erikson, Bjarni Herjolfsson and Thorfinn Karlsefni, unravelling their struggles and triumphs as they set sail for the uncharted waters of the New World—then face the challenges of a new and unfamiliar land. Meticulously researched and grippingly told, Mowat infuses his own adventurous spirit into the little-known story of the Viking culture that once took hold on the edges of North America.
Download or read book Lost Cities of Atlantis Ancient Europe the Mediterranean written by David Hatcher Childress and published by Adventures Unlimited Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atlantis! The legendary lost continent comes under the close scrutiny of archaeologist David Hatcher Childress. From Ireland to Turkey, Morocco to Eastern Europe, or remote islands of the Mediterranean and Atlantic, Childress takes the reader on an astonishing quest for mankind's past. Ancient technology, cataclysms, megalithic construction, lost civilisations, and devastating wars of the past are all explored in this amazing book. Childress challenges the sceptics and proves that great civilisations not only existed in the past but that the modern world and its problems are reflections of the ancient world of Atlantis.
Download or read book Lost Cities Ancient Mysteries of South America written by David Hatcher Childress and published by Lost Cities. This book was released on 1986 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rogue adventurer and maverick archaeologist, David Hatcher Childress, takes the reader on unforgettable journeys deep into deadly jungles, windswept mountains and scorching deserts in search of lost civilizations and ancient mysteries.
Download or read book Unexpected Faces in Ancient America 1500 B C A D 1500 written by Alexander von Wuthenau and published by Crown Publishing Group (NY). This book was released on 1975 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Columbus Was Last written by Patrick Huyghe and published by . This book was released on 2005-11-01 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a spellbinding piece of historical detective work, writer Patrick Huyghe cites authentic archaeological discoveries that prove numerous cultures inhabited America--ranging from the Chinese and Polynesians to Phoenicians, Romans, and Celts--centuries before Columbus landed. The most startling case yet against the man who allegedly put America on the map.
