Download or read book Pr cis de grammaire arabe avec exercices corrig s written by Mathieu Guidère and published by Editions Ellipses. This book was released on 2023-08-16 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cet ouvrage, spécialement écrit pour les francophones, présente de façon simple et claire l’essentiel des règles de grammaire de l’arabe moderne standard ou littéral, soit : la langue d’usage dans la littérature, la presse et les médias actuels (radio, télévision, internet). Son originalité repose sur le fait que la terminologie grammaticale utilisée pour les explications de la grammaire arabe se rapproche de la terminologie française afin de faciliter la compréhension ; ceci dans une optique de grammaire comparée. Les exercices eux-mêmes s’inscrivent dans cette logique contrastive en proposant de nombreuses traductions afin de tester la maîtrise des points traités. Proposant une progression grammaticale et lexicale qui s’appuie sur les niveaux du cadre européen de A1 à C2, cet ouvrage, comprenant deux grandes parties (I. Morphologie de l’arabe, II. Syntaxe de l’arabe), se veut à la portée de tous. Véritable outil pour progresser rapidement dans l’apprentissage de la grammaire tout en s’initiant aux principes de la communication, il comprend : • 68 fiches de grammaire • 276 exercices corrigés • un référentiel grammatical et un référentiel lexical [CECRL] • un mémo de terminologie grammaticale reprenant les principaux termes de la grammaire arabe accompagnés de leurs correspondants en français
Download or read book Fran ais Interactif written by Karen Kelton and published by . This book was released on 2019-08-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook includes all 13 chapters of Français interactif. It accompanies www.laits.utexas.edu/fi, the web-based French program developed and in use at the University of Texas since 2004, and its companion site, Tex's French Grammar (2000) www.laits.utexas.edu/tex/ Français interactif is an open acess site, a free and open multimedia resources, which requires neither password nor fees. Français interactif has been funded and created by Liberal Arts Instructional Technology Services at the University of Texas, and is currently supported by COERLL, the Center for Open Educational Resources and Language Learning UT-Austin, and the U.S. Department of Education Fund for the Improvement of Post-Secondary Education (FIPSE Grant P116B070251) as an example of the open access initiative.
Download or read book French books in print anglais written by Electre and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Philosophy manual a South South perspective written by Chanthalangsy, Phinith and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2014-12-31 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Divine Names on the Spot written by Fabio Porzia and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Ancient Greek and Semitic languages resorted to a large range of words to name the divine. Gods and goddesses were called by a variety of names and combinations of onomastic attributes. This broad lexicon of names is characterised by plurality and a tendency to build on different sequences of names; therefore, the Mapping Ancient Polytheisms project focuses on the process of naming the divine in order to better understand the ancient divine in terms of a plurality in the making. A fundamental rule for reading ancient divine names is to grasp them in their context - time and place, a ritual, the form of the discourse, a cultural milieu...: a deity is usually named according to a specific situation. From Artemis Eulochia to al-Lat, al-'Uzza and Manat, from Melqart to "my rock" in the biblical book of Psalms, this volume journeys between the sanctuary on Mount Gerizim and late antique magical practices, revisiting rituals, hymnic poetry, oaths of orators and philosophical prayers. While targeting different names in different contexts, the contributors draft theoretical propositions towards a dynamic approach of naming the divine in antiquity.'
Download or read book Supplementary Catalogue of the Public Library of New South Wales Sydney for the Years 1888 1910 written by Public Library of New South Wales and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page 1182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pr cis de vocabulaire arabe avec exercices corrig s written by Mathieu Guidère and published by Editions Ellipses. This book was released on 2024-10-29 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cet ouvrage, spécialement écrit pour les francophones, présente de façon simple et claire le vocabulaire arabe moderne standard ou littéral, soit : la langue d’usage dans la littérature, la presse, les médias actuels (radio, télévision, internet). Il propose une progression lexicale s’appuyant sur les niveaux du cadre européen de A1 à C2 et une transcription systématique pour pouvoir prononcer sans difficulté les mots et locutions proposés. Véritable outil pour progresser rapidement tout en s’initiant aux principes de la communication, ce précis donne tous les outils pour comprendre et communiquer dans les situations les plus diverses de la vie quotidienne, mais également pour réviser et maîtriser le vocabulaire essentiel aux examens. À la portée de tous, il comprend : • 43 séquences thématiques de vocabulaire courant et actuel ; • 153 exercices variés corrigés. Le plus Un lexique récapitulatif français-arabe du vocabulaire de base cité dans l’ouvrage.
Download or read book Arabic as One Language written by Mahmoud Al-Batal and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2017-12-04 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, students learning the Arabic language have begun with Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and then transitioned to learning spoken Arabic. While the MSA-first approach neither reflects the sociolinguistic reality of the language nor gives students the communicative skills required to fully function in Arabic, the field continues to debate the widespread adoption of this approach. Little research or evidence has been presented about the effectiveness of integrating dialect in the curriculum. With the recent publication of textbooks that integrate dialect in the Arabic curriculum, however, a more systematic analysis of such integration is clearly becoming necessary. In this seminal volume, Mahmoud Al-Batal gathers key scholars who have implemented integration to present data and research on the method’s success. The studies address curricular models, students' outcomes, and attitudes of students and teachers using integration in their curricula. This volume is an essential resource for all teachers of Arabic language and those working in Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language (TAFL).
Download or read book Mastering Arabic written by Jane Wightwick and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This hugely successful beginner's course offers modern, engaging Modern Standard Arabic lessons through lively dialogues, varied exercises and fascinating cultural insights. This is the only user-friendly, accessible beginner level course on the market accompanied by audio CDs with native Arabic speakers. It suits an incredibly diverse learner base - self-study, through community college and school, to university primer/first year course. Students can continue their learning with a workbook "Mastering Arabic 1 Activity Book" and the new second level course "Mastering Arabic 2 with 2 Audio CDs".
Download or read book Minhaj Et Talibin written by Nawawī and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Modern French Thought written by Christopher John Murray and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2004 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work covers not only philosophy, but also all the other major disciplines, including literary theory, sociology, linguistics, political thought, theology, and more. The 240 analytical entries examine individuals such as Bergson, Durkheim, Mauss, Sartre, Beauvoir, Foucault, Levi-Strauss, Lacan, Kristeva, and Derrida; specific disciplines such as the arts, anthropology, historiography, psychology, and sociology; key beliefs and methodologies such as Catholicism, deconstruction, feminism, Marxism, and phenomenology; themes and concepts such as freedom, language, media, and sexuality; and istorical, political, social, and intellectual context. --From publisher's decription.
Download or read book UNESCO General History of Africa Vol I Abridged Edition written by Jacqueline Ki-Zerbo and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume covers the period from the end of the Neolithic era to the beginning of the seventh century of our era. This lengthy period includes the civilization of Ancient Egypt, the history of Nubia, Ethiopia, North Africa and the Sahara, as well as of the other regions of the continent and its islands."--Publisher's description
Download or read book La traduction de l anglais au fran ais written by Michel Ballard and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: S'adressant à ceux qui souhaitent s'initier et s'entraîner, de manière raisonnée, à la pratique de la traduction, cet ouvrage offre une méthode d'analyse originale et efficace. La pratique observée est sans cesse présente sous forme d'exemples abondants et variés, les principes dégagés sont illustrés par des exercices. La démarche utilise les différents apports des sciences du langage en les subordonnant à la spécificité de l'acte de traduire. Les termes techniques sont chaque fois clairement définis. L'ordre suivi va du signe à l'énoncé, sans jamais perdre de vue les éléments constituants d'un ensemble qui est le texte. L'ouvrage représente un ensemble cohérent disposé avec ordre mais dont les éléments modulaires sont utilisables séparément, un système de renvois multiples permettant de mettre en perspective les chapitres.
Download or read book Bayesian Analysis in Natural Language Processing written by Shay Cohen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-10 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural language processing (NLP) went through a profound transformation in the mid-1980s when it shifted to make heavy use of corpora and data-driven techniques to analyze language. Since then, the use of statistical techniques in NLP has evolved in several ways. One such example of evolution took place in the late 1990s or early 2000s, when full-fledged Bayesian machinery was introduced to NLP. This Bayesian approach to NLP has come to accommodate for various shortcomings in the frequentist approach and to enrich it, especially in the unsupervised setting, where statistical learning is done without target prediction examples. We cover the methods and algorithms that are needed to fluently read Bayesian learning papers in NLP and to do research in the area. These methods and algorithms are partially borrowed from both machine learning and statistics and are partially developed "in-house" in NLP. We cover inference techniques such as Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling and variational inference, Bayesian estimation, and nonparametric modeling. We also cover fundamental concepts in Bayesian statistics such as prior distributions, conjugacy, and generative modeling. Finally, we cover some of the fundamental modeling techniques in NLP, such as grammar modeling and their use with Bayesian analysis.
Download or read book Advanced French Grammar written by Monique L'Huillier and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-06-17 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1999 reference grammar, written for advanced students of French, their teachers, and others who want a better understanding of the French language, combines the best of modern and traditional approaches. Its objective is not only practical mastery of the language, but familiarity with its structure. Taking into account modern linguistic research, Advanced French Grammar approaches the French language primarily through the study of syntactic structures, but without excessive emphasis on formalism. It provides a generous number of examples, based on the author's own experience of teaching French to English-speakers, to help the student to understand the different meanings of apparently similar syntactic alternatives. The norms of 'correct expression' are given together with current usage and deviations, and appendixes provide information on the 1990 spelling reforms and on numbers. A substantial index of French and English words and of topics provides easy access to the text itself.
Download or read book Contes Francais written by Douglas Labaree Buffum and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2022-10-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Machine Translation written by Thierry Poibeau and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise, nontechnical overview of the development of machine translation, including the different approaches, evaluation issues, and major players in the industry. The dream of a universal translation device goes back many decades, long before Douglas Adams's fictional Babel fish provided this service in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. Since the advent of computers, research has focused on the design of digital machine translation tools—computer programs capable of automatically translating a text from a source language to a target language. This has become one of the most fundamental tasks of artificial intelligence. This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series offers a concise, nontechnical overview of the development of machine translation, including the different approaches, evaluation issues, and market potential. The main approaches are presented from a largely historical perspective and in an intuitive manner, allowing the reader to understand the main principles without knowing the mathematical details. The book begins by discussing problems that must be solved during the development of a machine translation system and offering a brief overview of the evolution of the field. It then takes up the history of machine translation in more detail, describing its pre-digital beginnings, rule-based approaches, the 1966 ALPAC (Automatic Language Processing Advisory Committee) report and its consequences, the advent of parallel corpora, the example-based paradigm, the statistical paradigm, the segment-based approach, the introduction of more linguistic knowledge into the systems, and the latest approaches based on deep learning. Finally, it considers evaluation challenges and the commercial status of the field, including activities by such major players as Google and Systran.
