Download or read book Post Uruguay Round Tariff Regimes Achievements and Outlook written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1999-10-27 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides trade negotiators with an indispensable tool that will help them formulate their negotiating objectives and strategies in the area of tariffs; it also provides policy analysts with key data that are necessary to define negotiating scenarios and to impute the impacts.
Download or read book Post Uruguay Round Tariff Regimes written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Trade Committee and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides trade negotiators with an indispensable tool that will help them formulate their negotiating objectives and strategies in the area of tariffs; it also provides policy analysts with key data that are necessary to define negotiating scenarios and to impute the impacts.
Download or read book Post Uruguay Round Tariff Regimes written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Trading System After the Uruguay Round written by John Whalley and published by Washington, DC : Institute for International Economics. This book was released on 1996 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are growing pressures to reform the international trading system beyond whatever is accomplished in the Uruguay Round. This study assesses the present GATT system and concludes that the need for further reform is far-reaching. Whalley finds that the principles underlying the current system - nondiscrimination and multilateralism - will not adequately serve in the future to reduce trade barriers and promote the benefits of trade. The study outlines new approaches to reduce the level of protection and harness new regional trading arrangements to improve global economic performance.
Download or read book Market Access Bargaining in the Uruguay Round written by J. M. Finger and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Uruguay Round tariff negotiations did not achieve a country-by-country balancing of concessions received. How governments bargained was determined less by their national interets than by the interests of their politically important industrial constituencies.
Download or read book Business Guide to the Uruguay Round written by Commonwealth Secretariat and published by Commonwealth Secretariat. This book was released on 1995 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide explains the rules of the Uruguay Round trade agreements and their implementation. It provides an overview of the achievements of the Uruguay Round, and explains the role of the World Trade Organization. It also presents the rules applicable to trade and examines their implications for trade liberalization, reviewing the main features of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) and the provisions of the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS).
Download or read book Market Access written by World Trade Organization and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study profiles post-Uruguay Round market access conditions in three areas -- industrial tariffs, agriculture and services -- the latter two of which are already the subject of ongoing negotiations.
Download or read book The Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations written by General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization) and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Multilateral Trade Agenda written by Joseph F. Francois and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reshaping the World Trading System written by John Croome and published by Conran Octopus. This book was released on 1995 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Post Uruguay Round Tariff Environment for Developing Country Exports written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Most favoured nation Treatment written by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication contains an explanation of Most Favored Nation (MFN) treatment and some of the key issues that arise in its negotiation, particularly the scope and application of MFN treatment to the liberalization and protection of foreign investors in recent treaty practice. The paper provides policy options as regards the traditional application of MFN treatment and identifies reactions by States to the unexpected broad use of MFN treatment, and provides several drafting options, such as specifying or narrowing down the scope of application of MFN treatment to certain types of activities, clarifying the nature of "treatment" under the IIA, clarifying the comparison that an arbitral tribunal needs to undertake as well as a qualification of the comparison "in like circumstances" or excluding its use in investor-State cases.
Download or read book The Uruguay Round and South Asia An Overview of the Impact and Opportunities written by Nader Majd and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: July 1995 The author examines the impact of the Uruguay Round on four South Asian countries with similar trade structures: Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. These countries are major exporters of textiles and clothing and some agriculture. Their manufacturing sectors - especially textiles and clothing - would seem to be the main beneficiaries of the Round. The impact on agriculture should be modest. The Round improves market security for both exporters and importers, but these countries must do much more to adjust their domestic policies to the realities of the post-Round global environment. There must be further liberalization and more integration with both the region and the world. The trade regimes of the four countries are a mixed bag. All have launched major trade reform away from an inward orientation. They have liberalized trade by removing quantitative restrictions and reducing tariffs, but the degree of liberalization varies. India has done a lot to open up its economy but has not moved forcefully enough to remove restrictions on most imports of consumer goods. Pakistan retains heavy restrictions on many imports but is reducing tariff rates and their dispersion. Quantitative restrictions on imported inputs impede efficiency in Bangladesh textile and pharmaceutical industries. Sri Lanka's trade regime is the most liberal in the region, but anomalies still exist in incentives. Binding tariffs in the four countries must be greatly reduced before these countries can benefit from the Round's disciplines in agriculture. The dismantling of the Multifiber Agreement will increase South Asia's output of textiles by 17 percent, and their exports of textiles by 26 percent. Output on clothing will increase ninefold, and exports more than twentyfold. The region may also benefit from the more liberalized post-Round markets for semi-manufacturing exports. In general, negotiations about new issues - trade in services, trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights, and trade-related investment measures - will affect South Asia in different ways. The impact on the movement of labor, in which the region has a comparative advantage, seems to be more effective than in other areas. More disciplined rules to protect intellectual property rights and more transparency about investment and competition policies will benefit the region in the longer run.
Download or read book Agriculture in the GATT written by T. Josling and published by Springer. This book was released on 1996-11-01 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade in temperate zone farm products between the developed countries has been beset with problems since the GATT's inception in 1947. The basic problem was always that the conditions in world agricultural markets were distorted by the national agricultural policies followed by all developed countries - policies which national authorities were reluctant to adapt to conform with the requirements of a liberal international trading system for agricultural products. This book describes and analyses the attempts that were made to make trade in agriculture less distorted, more stable and predictable, and less of a dangerous source of political friction between nations, in successive rounds of negotiations under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade in the 45-year period from GATT's inception in 1947 to the end of the Uruguay Round in 1993. While the book analyses the development of international trade policy throughout the post-war period, particular attention is given to the Kennedy, Tokyo and Uruguay Rounds of GATT negotiations in which the problems of trade in agricultural products were confronted.
Download or read book Termites in the Trading System written by Jagdish Bhagwati and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-07-14 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jagdish Bhagwati, the internationally renowned economist who uniquely combines a reputation as the leading scholar of international trade with a substantial presence in public policy on the important issues of the day, shines here a critical light on Preferential Trade Agreements, revealing how the rapid spread of PTAs endangers the world trading system. Numbering by now well over 300, and rapidly increasing, these preferential trade agreements, many taking the form of Free Trade Agreements, have re-created the unhappy situation of the 1930s, when world trade was undermined by discriminatory practices. Whereas this was the result of protectionism in those days, ironically it is a result of misdirected pursuit of free trade via PTAs today. The world trading system is at risk again, the author argues, and the danger is palpable. Writing with his customary wit, panache and elegance, Bhagwati documents the growth of these PTAs, the reasons for their proliferation, and their deplorable consequences which include the near-destruction of the non-discrimination which was at the heart of the postwar trade architecture and its replacement by what he has called the spaghetti bowl of a maze of preferences. Bhagwati also documents how PTAs have undermined the prospects for multilateral freeing of trade, serving as stumbling blocks, instead of building blocks, for the objective of reaching multilateral free trade. In short, Bhagwati cogently demonstrates why PTAs are Termites in the Trading System.
Download or read book The Uruguay Round and South Asia written by Nader Majd and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author examines the impact of the Uruguay Round on four South Asian countries with similar trade structures: Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. These countries are major exporters of textiles and clothing and some agriculture. Their manufacturing sectors - especially textiles and clothing - would seem to be the main beneficiaries of the Round. The impact on agriculture should be modest. The Round improves market security for both exporters and importers, but these countries must do much more to adjust their domestic policies to the realities of the post-Round global environment. There must be further liberalization and more integration with both the region and the world. The trade regimes of the four countries are a mixed bag. All have launched major trade reform away from an inward orientation. They have liberalized trade by removing quantitative restrictions and reducing tariffs, but the degree of liberalization varies. India has done a lot to open up its economy but has not moved forcefully enough to remove restrictions on most imports of consumer goods. Pakistan retains heavy restrictions on many imports but is reducing tariff rates and their dispersion. Quantitative restrictions on imported inputs impede efficiency in Bangladesh textile and pharmaceutical industries. Sri Lanka's trade regime is the most liberal in the region, but anomalies still exist in incentives. Binding tariffs in the four countries must be greatly reduced before these countries can benefit from the Round's disciplines in agriculture. The dismantling of the Multifiber Agreement will increase South Asia's output of textiles by 17 percent, and their exports of textiles by 26 percent. Output on clothing will increase ninefold, and exports more than twentyfold. The region may also benefit from the more liberalized post-Round markets for semi-manufacturing exports. In general, negotiations about new issues - trade in services, trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights, and trade-related investment measures - will affect South Asia in different ways. The impact on the movement of labor, in which the region has a comparative advantage, seems to be more effective than in other areas. More disciplined rules to protect intellectual property rights and more transparency about investment and competition policies will benefit the region in the longer run.
Download or read book The Making of the TRIPS Agreement written by Jayashree Watal and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive account of the establishment of the World Trade Organization, focusing on those who shaped its creation as well as those who have influenced its evolution. The book examines trade negotiations, the WTO's dispute settlement role, the presence of coalitions and groupings within the WTO, the process of joining the organization and many other topics, including what lies ahead for the organization.
