Download or read book Police Use of Force and Federal Tactical Teams written by Beverly Guzman and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several high-profile police shootings and other law enforcement-related deaths in the United States have sparked intense protests throughout the country and a fierce debate in Congress concerning the appropriate level of force police officers should wield in a society that equally values public safety and the lives of each of its citizens under law. These incidents have been the subject of several congressional hearings, have prompted the introduction of various legislative measures, and have catalyzed a new civil rights movement in the United States aimed at reforming the criminal justice system. Reformers claim that police work too closely with local prosecutors resulting in insufficient oversight and have called for greater involvement by the federal government. The law enforcement community and its supporters have countered that these recent deaths are anomalous in otherwise exemplary police conduct, and that placing the federal government in direct regulation of state and local police would present an unwarranted intrusion into state and local affairs. To provide legal context for this debate, this book will address three overarching questions: what are the constitutional rules governing an officer's use of force; what role has Congress played in providing a remedy for a violation of these rules; and what are the potential reforms to these rules and remedies? The authors of this book advocate for democratic ideals within law enforcement to combat the mindset that law enforcement officers are at war with the people they serve.
Download or read book Rise of the Warrior Cop written by Radley Balko and published by PublicAffairs. This book was released on 2021-06-01 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking history of how American police forces have been militarized is now revised and updated. Newly added material brings the story through 2020, including analysis of the Ferguson protests, the Obama and Trump administrations, and the George Floyd protests. The last days of colonialism taught America’s revolutionaries that soldiers in the streets bring conflict and tyranny. As a result, our country has generally worked to keep the military out of law enforcement. But over the last two centuries, America’s cops have increasingly come to resemble ground troops. The consequences have been dire: the home is no longer a place of sanctuary, the Fourth Amendment has been gutted, and police today have been conditioned to see the citizens they serve as enemies. In Rise of the Warrior Cop, Balko shows how politicians’ ill-considered policies and relentless declarations of war against vague enemies like crime, drugs, and terror have blurred the distinction between cop and soldier. His fascinating, frightening narrative that spans from America’s earliest days through today shows how a creeping battlefield mentality has isolated and alienated American police officers and put them on a collision course with the values of a free society.
Download or read book Police Use of Force written by Lawrence A. Greenfeld and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluating Police Uses of Force written by Seth W. Stoughton and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a critical understanding and evaluation of police tactics and the use of force Police violence has historically played an important role in shaping public attitudes toward the government. Community trust and confidence in policing have been undermined by the perception that officers are using force unnecessarily, too frequently, or in problematic ways. The use of force, or harm suffered by a community as a result of such force, can also serve as a flashpoint, a spark that ignites long-simmering community hostility. In Evaluating Police Uses of Force, legal scholar Seth W. Stoughton, former deputy chief of police Jeffrey J. Noble, and distinguished criminologist Geoffrey P. Alpert explore a critical but largely overlooked facet of the difficult and controversial issues of police violence and accountability: how does society evaluate use-of-force incidents? By leading readers through answers to this question from four different perspectives—constitutional law, state law, administrative regulation, and community expectations—and by providing critical information about police tactics and force options that are implicated within those frameworks, Evaluating Police Uses of Force helps situate readers within broader conversations about governmental accountability, the role that police play in modern society, and how officers should go about fulfilling their duties.
Download or read book Legal Division Reference Book written by Federal Law Enforcement Training Center. Legal Division and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding Police Use of Force written by Geoffrey P. Alpert and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-08-16 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Download or read book Contemporary Issues in American Policing written by Richard K. Moule Jr. and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-03-30 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American law enforcement, and the public’s perception of police, is a topic of growing interest among academics, practitioners, and policymakers. From the 2014 events in Ferguson, MO, and the alleged "Ferguson Effect", to the debate over the impact of body-worn cameras (BWCs), police militarization, use of force, and other practices that may alter the public’s view of police legitimacy and procedural justice, there is an increasing need for research addressing these contemporary issues in American policing. This book presents the latest research on these topics, as well as related topics noted in the Presidential Task Force on 21st Century Policing, such as police use of technology, transparency, oversight, and building trust with the community. The studies contained in this book examine these issues by leveraging empirical data on policing, public perceptions, crime, and diverse research methods, to present high-quality analysis of these timely and relevant topics in today’s world. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Crime and Justice.
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Policing in the United States written by Tamara Rice Lave and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-04 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive collection on police and policing, written by experts in political theory, sociology, criminology, economics, law, public health, and critical theory.
Download or read book Unwarranted written by Barry Friedman and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2017-02-21 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “At a time when policing in America is at a crossroads, Barry Friedman provides much-needed insight, analysis, and direction in his thoughtful new book. Unwarranted illuminates many of the often ignored issues surrounding how we police in America and highlights why reform is so urgently needed. This revealing book comes at a critically important time and has much to offer all who care about fair treatment and public safety.” —Bryan Stevenson, founder and Executive Director of the Equal Justice Initiative and author of Just Mercy: A Story of Justice and Redemption In June 2013, documents leaked by Edward Snowden sparked widespread debate about secret government surveillance of Americans. Just over a year later, the shooting of Michael Brown, a black teenager in Ferguson, Missouri, set off protests and triggered concern about militarization of law enforcement and discriminatory policing. In Unwarranted, Barry Friedman argues that these two seemingly disparate events are connected—and that the problem is not so much the policing agencies as it is the rest of us. We allow these agencies to operate in secret and to decide how to police us, rather than calling the shots ourselves. And the courts, which we depended upon to supervise policing, have let us down entirely. Unwarranted tells the stories of ordinary people whose lives were torn apart by policing—by the methods of cops on the beat and those of the FBI and NSA. Driven by technology, policing has changed dramatically. Once, cops sought out bad guys; today, increasingly militarized forces conduct wide surveillance of all of us. Friedman captures the eerie new environment in which CCTV, location tracking, and predictive policing have made suspects of us all, while proliferating SWAT teams and increased use of force have put everyone’s property and lives at risk. Policing falls particularly heavily on minority communities and the poor, but as Unwarranted makes clear, the effects of policing are much broader still. Policing is everyone’s problem. Police play an indispensable role in our society. But our failure to supervise them has left us all in peril. Unwarranted is a critical, timely intervention into debates about policing, a call to take responsibility for governing those who govern us.
Download or read book Proactive Policing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.
Download or read book SWAT Madness and the Militarization of the American Police written by A. James Fisher and published by Praeger. This book was released on 2010-09-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The facts are disturbing: Every year in the United States, Swat teams conduct predawn, no-knock raids of at least 50,000 homes looking for drugs. Unfortunately, a substantial percentage of these assaults occur at the wrong addresses, and law-abiding citizens who mistakenly kill SWAT officers thinking they are criminal home invaders often end up on death row. In the United States, military-style police enforcement is fast becoming the norm--even the smallest police departments now field costly SWAT units. While the fact that police forces have increased capabilities to deal with urgent or dangerous situations may seem positive, this type of aggressive response is problematic: court settlements regarding excessive SWAT raids cost law enforcement agencies millions of dollars every year, not to mention that these bruteforce strategies often traumatize, injure, and kill innocent people.
Download or read book Specialized Gang Units written by Deborah Lamm Weisel and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Between 1980 and the mid-1990s, the number of specialized gang units (SGU) in law enforcement agencies increased substantially. The rise in SGU coincided with the widespread adoption of community policing (CP). This report examined whether CP and SGU are complementary or conflicting approaches. The research approach consisted of field observation of gang personnel in two CP agencies with SGU: Indianapolis, IN, and San Diego, CA. This report describes the specific types of activities engaged in by SGU -- documenting the time expended by SGU personnel on each. The results suggest that SGU can have an important role in modern policing. There is little evidence that SGU conflict with CU in principle or practice.
Download or read book The Force Factor written by Geoffrey P. Alpert and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study focused on the level of force used by police officers relative to the amount of suspect resistance, referred to as the force factor. Data were obtained from police departments in Miami, Florida, and Eugene, Oregon. In the Miami data set, the level of suspect resistance was assessed according to four categories: no resistance, passive resistance, active resistance, and assault of police officer. The suspect being Hispanic was the strongest factor in the force factor model. Female suspects received less force relative to level of resistance than male suspects, while black suspects received the most force relative to level of resistance. The relationship between the force factor and the suspect being under the influence of alcohol or drugs during the encounter with the police was statistically significant. Female police officers used significantly less force for a given level of resistance than male police officers. Police officer injury was more likely to occur when less force was used relative to suspect resistance. In the Oregon data set, the level of suspect resistance was also assessed according to four categories: no resistance, slight resistance, moderate or high resistance, and violent or explosive resistance. The suspect's mental status at the time of the incident was the strongest factor in the force factor model. Suspects using minimal effort had the most force used against them relative to level of resistance. Violent incidents had the lowest levels of force relative to level of resistance, suspects with above average fitness received lower levels of force relative to level of resistance than suspects with average to poor physical fitness, and female suspects had less force used against them relative to level of resistance than male suspects. Further development of the force factor model is recommended.
Download or read book The Management of Police Specialized Tactical Units written by Tomas C. Mijares and published by Charles C Thomas Publisher. This book was released on 2020-11-30 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major responsibility of the leadership of any specialized police unit is the awareness of endlessly changing societal, legal, and managerial developments that affect operations. This third edition of The Management of Police Specialized Tactical Units represents a significant updating and expansion of each of the chapters from previous editions. In addition to explaining the steps for developing and maintaining a realistic and effective response to increasingly violent levels of crime, this edition discusses the social, political, and technological matters that must be continuously identified, defined, and resolved prior to the implementation of any substantive or procedural change in tactical policy and practice. Legal and operational guidelines are provided to help tactical leaders to develop their leadership abilities and tactical success, thereby enhancing the tactical unit’s ability to safeguard the public. The authors make extensive use of the latest court decisions to provide the legal bases for operations as well as recent case histories to illustrate the various aspects of organizational management. These case histories do much more than summarize the sequence of events. They also point out what was learned from the successes and failures alike. Of particular interest is the new material on how the range of activities assigned to tactical units has expanded dramatically since September 11, 2001 and how the law enforcement community has been forced to respond to its newest critics. Emphasis is placed on how decision-makers must not only be organizational managers and administrators but also on how they should possess a firm grasp of confrontation tactics and leadership principles.
Download or read book Police Use of Force written by Michael J. Palmiotto and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Police use of force has been a major concern for police departments and citizens in the United States since the 1840s, when police first started carrying guns. Starting with a historical introduction, Police Use of Force presents readers with critical and timely issues facing police and the communities they serve when police encounters turn violent. Dr. Palmiotto offers in-depth coverage of the use of force, deadly force, non-lethal weapons, militarization of policing, racism and profiling, legal cases, psychology, perception and training, and violence prevention. Police Use of Force also investigates many case studies, both famous (Rodney King) and contemporary (Ferguson, MO). Essential reading for both criminal justice professionals and academics, this text places police conflict within a complex, modern context, inviting cogent conversation in the classroom and the precinct.
Download or read book SOU CCJ230 Introduction to the American Criminal Justice System written by Alison Burke and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Intelligence Guide for First Responders written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Interagency Threat Assessment and Coordination Group (ITACG) Intelligence Guide for First Responders is designed to assist state, local, tribal law enforcement, firefighting, homeland security, and appropriate private sector personnel in accessing and understanding Federal counterterrorism, homeland security, and weapons of mass destruction intelligence reporting. Most of the information contained in this guide was compiled, derived, and adapted from existing Intelligence Community and open source references. The ITACG consists of state, local, and tribal first responders and federal intelligence analysts from the Department of Homeland Security and the Federal Bureau of Investigation, working at the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC) to enhance the sharing of federal counterterrorism, homeland security, and weapons of mass destruction information with state, local, and tribal consumers of intelligence.
