Download or read book Plastic Waste Management in Rwanda written by Jian Xie and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid economic growth and poor environmental management have Rwanda facing growing pollution problems, including solid waste and plastic pollution, among others. For years, Rwanda has sought to tackle plastic waste, and the country has been proactive in pursuing environmental management with ambitious policy measures. Since 2000 when the government of Rwanda introduced its Vision 2020, the nation has progressed in introducing waste management practices that included a structured approach to sustainable waste management. Rwanda's continued efforts include the ambitious adoption of legislative bans on the manufacture, importation, use and sale of polyethylene bags in 2008. The country recently took this effort further, with a ban on the manufacture, importation, use and sale of plastic bags and single-use plastic items. Rwandans embrace these policies through a culture where citizens work together to better their communities through collective actions or Umuganda, a practice (now enshrined in law) that requires residents to support the nation's cleanliness. Combined, these policies have led to the near eradication of polythene bags in Rwanda and an increase in affordable waste collection services for most urban populations, especially in Kigali. The purpose of this report is to review lessons learned from an ex-post analysis of the policies regarding plastic pollution management in Rwanda and provide evidence-based recommendations for policy improvements in the country.

Download or read book Critical Analysis of Domestic Waste Management Regulations in Rwanda written by Muhire Faustin and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2022-08-04 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2022 in the subject Law - Public Law / Miscellaneous, grade: 80, University of Rwanda (University of Rwanda), course: Law, language: English, abstract: This study was brought in by the searcher after he found that loads of domestic waste are seen in various villages, along the roads, forests, riversides, and many other open spaces in Rwanda. People in Rwanda still dispose of domestic waste in inappropriate places, which constitutes a crucial problem to human health in particular and to environment in general. The researcher wanted to legally explore why the said malpractices still exist, despite the good achievements and ambitions to deal with waste management in Rwanda. The research had five objectives: to examine whether the existing environmental laws are effective enough to protect environment and human health against negative effects of domestic waste in Rwanda (1), assess if the current Rwandan environmental laws establish standards that are efficient in domestic waste management (2), discuss the processes that are currently followed from collection to disposal and examine their effectiveness (3), examine the role played by different institutions involved in domestic waste management and its efficiency (4) and to finally suggest areas of improvement basing on lessons drawn from countries that have advanced legislation governing domestic waste management (5). To respond to the objectives of the study, the researcher used different legal research methods and the following was revealed. The existing Rwandan environmental legal framework does not regulate management of domestic wastes effectively, standards established by Rwandan environmental laws are limited in domestic waste management, and the processes used from collection to disposal of domestic waste management are inadequately regulated. It was also revealed that there is limited role/inefficiency of different institutions intervening in domestic waste management.

Download or read book Solid waste conversion and future promise of environmental management written by Kahigana Innocent and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-02-11 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2014 in the subject Environmental Sciences, grade: 2:1, , language: English, abstract: Different scientific studies claim that solid waste has had diverse effects on both the natural environment and human society. Besides, lack of plausible solid waste handling systems is as well postulated to be a major challenge, mainly in developing countries. For instance, the waste handling systems found in Kigali, Rwanda, are substandard compared to those highlighted by different studies in developed countries such as Sweden and USA. In general, municipal authorities and other private companies, mainly in Rwanda, are keen to keep streets and some suburbs clean with the help of open landfill disposal system. They often collect and dump solid waste, mixed of organic and inorganic materials to the only municipal dump site located at Nyanza Hill in the outskirts of Kigali City. The exploratory study conducted in Kigali, Rwanda tested the plausibility of briquetting, composting, incineration, cullet pulverisation, and plasma pyrolysis systems to handle solid waste. The study started with the review of various literatures on solid waste management, and thereafter surveyed 400 residents of Kigali City for their opinions. Computer software Web-Hipre was used to analyze public opinions on the five systems to handle solid waste. The results indicate briquetting as the optimal system to handle solid waste in Kigali City. Composting considered suboptimal; incineration, plasma pyrolysis, and cullet pulverisation systems were not considered.

Download or read book Plastic Waste Management written by Kalim Deshmukh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-03-11 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plastic Waste Management Comprehensive resource on innovative and breakthrough developments in plastic waste management, covering a wide range of processing techniques and applications Plastic Waste Management offers a complete guide to the best plastic waste management practices through recycling, incineration, landfill, and other processes, discusses applications of plastic waste management including energy generation, biochemical production, construction, and food packaging, covering current challenges relating to plastic waste, explaining the sources of waste and their routes into the environment, and providing systematic coverage of plastic waste treatment methods, including mechanical processing, monomerization, blast furnace feedstock, gasification, and thermal recycling. The book also discusses different biodegradation mechanisms of plastic wastes and ecotoxicity and ecological Implications of marine plastic debris. From a cultural perspective, the book provides information regarding environmental and health implications, societal issues, and current challenges associated with plastic waste management. Written by leading experts in the field and edited by two highly qualified academics, Plastic Waste Management covers specific sample topics such as: A a roadmap towards a circular economy and environmental sustainability via effective management strategies for plastic wastes Implementation of an analytical hierarchy process for developing better waste collection systems, and chemical recycling of plastic waste for sustainable development Mechanisms, perspectives, and challenges for natural biodegradation of plastic wastes, and conversion of plastic wastes into value added materials Plastic wastes management and disposal in developing countries, and challenges and strategies for plastic waste management during and post COVID-19 pandemic Plastic Waste Management is a highly valuable resource for scientists and researchers working in the fields of environmental science, environmental engineering, and plastic engineering towards the goal of developing sustainable materials, along with graduate and postgraduate students in related programs of study, and professionals and engineers in related industries.

Download or read book Sustainable Plastic Waste in Kigali Rwanda written by Theogene Habakubaho and published by . This book was released on 2016-05-10 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Improving Markets for Recycled Plastics Trends Prospects and Policy Responses written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-05-24 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plastics have become one of the most prolific materials on the planet: in 2015 we produced about 380 million tonnes of plastics globally, up from 2 million tonnes in the 1950s. Yet today only 15% of this plastic waste is collected and recycled into secondary plastics globally each year. This ...

Download or read book Sustainable Waste Management Challenges in Developing Countries written by Pariatamby, Agamuthu and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-10-18 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As global waste generation increases at a rapid rate, there is a dire need for waste management practices such as collection, disposal, and recycling to protect from environmental pollution. However, developing countries generate two to three times more waste, resort to open dumps more often than developed countries, and are slower to integrate waste management standards. There is a need for studies that examine the waste generation and practices of countries that share similar economic backgrounds as they strive to implement successful waste management techniques. Sustainable Waste Management Challenges in Developing Countries is an essential reference source that discusses the challenges and strategies of waste management practices and the unique waste issues faced by developing countries that prevent them from achieving the goal of integrated waste management. While highlighting topics including e-waste, transboundary movement, and consumption patterns, this book is ideally designed for policymakers, legislators, waste company managers, environmentalists, students, academicians, and municipal planners seeking current research on the global waste management problem.

Download or read book Digital Innovations for a Circular Plastic Economy in Africa written by Muyiwa Oyinlola and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plastic pollution is one of the biggest challenges of the twenty-first century that requires innovative and varied solutions. Focusing on sub-Saharan Africa, this book brings together interdisciplinary, multi-sectoral and multi-stakeholder perspectives exploring challenges and opportunities for utilising digital innovations to manage and accelerate the transition to a circular plastic economy (CPE). This book is organised into three sections bringing together discussion of environmental conditions, operational dimensions and country case studies of digital transformation towards the circular plastic economy. It explores the environment for digitisation in the circular economy, bringing together perspectives from practitioners in academia, innovation, policy, civil society and government agencies. The book also highlights specific country case studies in relation to the development and implementation of different innovative ideas to drive the circular plastic economy across the three sub-Saharan African regions. Finally, the book interrogates the policy dimensions and practitioner perspectives towards a digitally enabled circular plastic economy. Written for a wide range of readers across academia, policy and practice, including researchers, students, small and medium enterprises (SMEs), digital entrepreneurs, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and multilateral agencies, policymakers and public officials, this book offers unique insights into complex, multilayered issues relating to the production and management of plastic waste and highlights how digital innovations can drive the transition to the circular plastic economy in Africa. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Download or read book Plastic and Polymer Industry by Region written by Ololade Olatunji and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-27 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the need for a technical guided thought on production, consumption, and waste management of plastic and polymers in the African continent. Issues such as resource availability, processing technologies, plastic policies, and much more are covered in the book. While Africa is made up of several different countries which might be different from each other in many ways, these countries within the African continent have some commonalities such as region, some shared history, resources, and some shared policies through organizations such as the African Union, African Free trade Zone, and ECOWAS. With a population of over a billion, the African continent has become an attractive market for various businesses. Several publications in recent years have pushed for the advancement of the African continent toward increased manufacturing as a road to development. This inevitably includes the plastics and other polymers industry. Careful consideration must be taken to ensure that this growth will focus on more sustainable and greener manufacturing; otherwise, this anticipated growth in the plastics and polymer industry will only spell increased pollution and worsening of the environment.

Download or read book Waste Management Practices written by John Pichtel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-03-29 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide for the identification and management of a range of hazardous wastes, Waste Management Practices: Municipal, Hazardous, and Industrial integrates technical information including chemistry, microbiology, and engineering, with current regulations. Emphasizing basic environmental science and related technical fields, the book is an i

Download or read book Global Plastics Outlook Economic Drivers Environmental Impacts and Policy Options written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2022-02-22 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While plastics are extremely useful materials for modern society, plastics production and waste generation continue to increase with worsening environmental impacts despite international, national and local policy responses, as well as industry commitments. The first of two reports, this Outlook intends to inform and support policy efforts to combat plastic leakage.

Download or read book Plastic Waste and Recycling written by Trevor Letcher and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plastic Waste and Recycling: Environmental Impact, Societal Issues, Prevention, and Solutions begins with an introduction to the different types of plastic materials, their uses, and the concepts of reduce, reuse and recycle before examining plastic types, chemistry and degradation patterns that are organized by non-degradable plastic, degradable and biodegradable plastics, biopolymers and bioplastics. Other sections cover current challenges relating to plastic waste, explain the sources of waste and their routes into the environment, and provide systematic coverage of plastic waste treatment methods, including mechanical processing, monomerization, blast furnace feedstocks, gasification, thermal recycling, and conversion to fuel. This is an essential guide for anyone involved in plastic waste or recycling, including researchers and advanced students across plastics engineering, polymer science, polymer chemistry, environmental science, and sustainable materials. - Presents actionable solutions for reducing plastic waste, with a focus on the concepts of collection, re-use, recycling and replacement - Considers major societal and environmental issues, providing the reader with a broader understanding and supporting effective implementation - Includes detailed case studies from across the globe, offering unique insights into different solutions and approaches

Download or read book Recycling Strategy and Challenges Associated with Waste Management Towards Sustaining the World written by Hosam M. Saleh and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2023-02-22 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recycling is an act of collecting and processing items that would otherwise be discarded as waste in order to create a new product. Recycled material is being used in an increasing number of today’s products. Waste management is primarily concerned with a wide range of wastes, including industrial, biological, household, municipal, organic, biomedical, and radioactive wastes. Human activity, such as the mining and processing of basic resources, generates waste and poses health problems that can emerge both indirectly and directly. Waste mismanagement is a serious problem on an individual and a governmental level. Nowadays, the waste disposal business is struggling to adapt to globalized consumerism, a system in which things are manufactured on one continent, purchased and used on another, and disposed of on yet another. Therefore, remediation is often subject to a variety of legal criteria, but it can also be based on evaluations of human health and environmental concerns in cases where no statutory standards exist or when standards are advisory. This book discusses recycling strategies and technologies to find solutions to waste management. Chapters address such topics as biodegradable waste, the circular economy, managing industrial and nuclear waste, and much more.

Download or read book Where Is the Value in the Chain written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2022-08-10 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Where Is the Value in the Chain? Pathways out of Plastic Pollution aims to support policy makers in their efforts to address plastic pollution. By examining the economic and financial implications of plastic management, the report provides key recommendations on how to create a comprehensive approach to addressing plastic pollution and to help policy makers make informed decisions for plastic pollution management. The report brings together new evidence from three analytical undertakings: • Tackling Plastic Pollution: Toward Experience-Based Policy Guidance—A review of existing literature and a summary of findings from the ex post analysis of the effectiveness of plastics policies in 10 countries and states and an evidence-based policy guidance aimed at policy makers and stakeholders involved in design, implementation, and evaluation of policies to manage plastic pollution. • The Plastic Substitution Tradeoff Estimator (the Estimator)—An innovative model that estimates the external costs of 10 plastic products and their alternatives along their entire life cycle, developed and piloted in five countries. The Estimator can be applied in any country to identify what substitution materials, or what combination of them, would perform best in a given scenario and to examine tradeoffs between plastics and alternatives to help establish targets for reduction and substitution. • The Plastic Policy Simulator (PPS)—A country-level, data-driven model for policy analysis to better describe the impacts of different policy instruments and policy packages on individual economic agents and on the plastic value chain at large. The PPS has been developed as a universal model and piloted in Indonesia. Its objective is to support policy makers and others in government, industry, and civil society in search of policy solutions to stem the flow of plastics by bringing an evidence-based approach to policy.

Download or read book Sustainable Management of Urban Plastic Waste Through Circular Economic Approaches written by Alok Prasad Das and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-10-14 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Management of Urban Plastic Waste Through Circular Economic Approaches covers the technologies and methods essential to overcome single-use plastic processing waste. It describes the biotechnological methods, cutting-edge research, procedures, and applications required to safeguard global sustainable development along with plastic waste management. This book: • Describes technological advances made towards remediation and valorization technologies of plastic pollutants to reduce microplastic pollution. • Focuses on accelerating using single-use plastic waste in value-added products. • Includes examples and case studies of impact and treatment of plastics in the circular economy. • Explains the socio-economic benefits of reducing plastic pollution. This book will be of interest to researchers, scientists, and engineers working on sustainable management of plastic waste, especially in the chemical and environmental engineering and biotechnology sectors.

Download or read book Global Waste Management Outlook written by United Nations Publications and published by UN. This book was released on 2017-03-31 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The UNEP Governing Council of February 2013 requested the United Nations Environment Programme "to develop a global outlook of challenges, trends and policies in relation to waste prevention, minimization and management, taking into account the materials life cycle, subject to the availability of extra-budgetary resources and in consultation with Governments and stakeholders, building on available data, best practices and success stories, taking into account the Global Chemicals Outlook and any other relevant initiatives and taking care not to duplicate existing information, to provide guidance for national policy planning." UNEP's International Environmental Technology Centre (IETC), in collaboration with the International Solid Waste Association (ISWA), has taken the lead on this initiative; aiming to develop the Global Waste Management Outlook as a tool to provide an authoritative overview, analysis and recommendations for action of policy instruments and financing models for waste management. The GWMO is the result of two year's work and provides the first comprehensive global overview of the state of waste management around the world in the 21st century.

Download or read book What a Waste 2 0 written by Silpa Kaza and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-12-06 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid waste management affects every person in the world. By 2050, the world is expected to increase waste generation by 70 percent, from 2.01 billion tonnes of waste in 2016 to 3.40 billion tonnes of waste annually. Individuals and governments make decisions about consumption and waste management that affect the daily health, productivity, and cleanliness of communities. Poorly managed waste is contaminating the world’s oceans, clogging drains and causing flooding, transmitting diseases, increasing respiratory problems, harming animals that consume waste unknowingly, and affecting economic development. Unmanaged and improperly managed waste from decades of economic growth requires urgent action at all levels of society. What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050 aggregates extensive solid aste data at the national and urban levels. It estimates and projects waste generation to 2030 and 2050. Beyond the core data metrics from waste generation to disposal, the report provides information on waste management costs, revenues, and tariffs; special wastes; regulations; public communication; administrative and operational models; and the informal sector. Solid waste management accounts for approximately 20 percent of municipal budgets in low-income countries and 10 percent of municipal budgets in middle-income countries, on average. Waste management is often under the jurisdiction of local authorities facing competing priorities and limited resources and capacities in planning, contract management, and operational monitoring. These factors make sustainable waste management a complicated proposition; most low- and middle-income countries, and their respective cities, are struggling to address these challenges. Waste management data are critical to creating policy and planning for local contexts. Understanding how much waste is generated—especially with rapid urbanization and population growth—as well as the types of waste generated helps local governments to select appropriate management methods and plan for future demand. It allows governments to design a system with a suitable number of vehicles, establish efficient routes, set targets for diversion of waste, track progress, and adapt as consumption patterns change. With accurate data, governments can realistically allocate resources, assess relevant technologies, and consider strategic partners for service provision, such as the private sector or nongovernmental organizations. What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050 provides the most up-to-date information available to empower citizens and governments around the world to effectively address the pressing global crisis of waste. Additional information is available at http://www.worldbank.org/what-a-waste.