Download or read book Plant Life in Anaerobic Environments written by Donal D. Hook and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1978 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Processes in anaerobiosis; Recent contribution on anaerobiosis.
Download or read book Interacting Stresses on Plants in a Changing Climate written by Michael B. Jackson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Books dealing with climatic change are commonplace, as are those concerned with effects of environmental stresses on plants. The present volume distinguishes itself from earlier publications by highlighting several interrelated environmental stresses that are changing in intensity as the climate warms in response to the accumulation of 'greenhouse' gases. The stresses examined at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop upon which this book is based include atmospheric pollutants, flooding and sub mergence, drought and cold. In future, successful farming or landscape management will ultimately depend on strategies that offset the effects of these and other environmental constraints, while exploiting more favourable features. However, the to predicted speed of climate change may exceed the rate at which new approaches farming, forestry, landscape management and genetic conservation can be developed through experience and retroactive response. The alternative is to anticipate future needs and thus identify appropriate management and legislative strategies by research and discussion. The contents of this volume contribute to these vital processes, upon which the productivity of agroecosystems and conservation of natural ecosystems may increasingly depend. Those with any lingering doubts concerning the gravity of the likely future situation are especially encouraged to read the opening chapter. For convenience, chapters discussing pollution, flooding, drought and cold are grouped in separate sections. However, many authors have taken care to emphasise that interactions between the changing combinations of stresses pose particular problems for plants and plant communities.
Download or read book Flooding and Plant Growth written by Bozzano G Luisa and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flooding and Plant Growth covers the state of knowledge and opinion on the effects of flooding of soil with fresh or salt water on the metabolism and growth of herbaceous and woody plants. The book discusses the extent, causes, and impacts of flooding; the effects of flooding on soils and on the growth and metabolism of herbaceous plants; and the responses of woody plants to flooding. The text also describes the effect of flooding on water, carbohydrate, and mineral relations, as well as the effects of flooding on hormone relations and on plant disease. The adaptations to flooding with fresh water and the adaptations of plants to flooding with salt water are also encompassed. Agronomists, biochemists, plant ecologists, engineers, foresters, horticulturists, plant anatomists, meteorologists, geneticists, plant breeders, plant physiologists, and landscape architects will find the book invaluable.
Download or read book Seasonal Changes in Wetland Plant Chemical Composition and Effects on Local Environment written by Catherine Allisa Vincent and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wetlands are productive ecosystems known as areas of biogeochemical diversity. This diversity comes from nutrient transformations and gas fluxes that are caused by adjoining aerobic and anaerobic environments. Nitrogen is an important part of the nutrient transformations and gas fluxes in wetlands. Aquatic plants are also important to the nitrogen cycle of lotic wetlands. These plants grow at key interfaces within lotic wetlands, giving them the ability to have significant effects on nutrient cycling. They typically sequester large amounts of nitrogen from the soil and water during their growing season, affecting the amounts of ammonium available to neighboring plant species. Different emergent species sequester different amounts of nitrogen from the soil into aboveground biomass; therefore, different species have more or less nitrogen available to put back into the system through decomposition. Other species growing at the junction between anaerobic and aerobic environments, such as actinorhizal plants, are also important to the nitrogen cycle of lotic wetland ecosystems. Actinorhizal plants are woody angiosperms that have a symbiotic relationship with the nitrogen-fixing actinorhizae, Frankia. Because of the plant's relationship with Frankia, it has the potential to supply nitrogen to the surrounding environment. Actinorhizal plants accomplish this by increasing the local soil nitrogen pools and through decomposition of the leaves that typically have higher foliar nitrogen content than other wetland and terrestrial plants. Alder is an example of an actinorhizal shrub that dominates many wetlands and forested watersheds of eastern North America. Wetlands dominated by alder are regarded as significant areas for transport of nitrogen into watersheds, because wetland alder zones occupy critical interface regions between upslope, forested regions and down-gradient streams. Thus, the presence of alder can contribute large amounts of nitrogen to the watershed as a whole by the addition of nitrogen to the local environment, the acceleration of nitrification processes, and the use of little soil-derived nitrogen. Because these different types of wetland plants can influence nitrogen cycling in different ways, it is important to understand how dominant species differ in their foliar chemistry, and how this relates to differences in water and soil chemistry among vegetation zones over a growing season. In on-going studies at a beaver-impounded, wetland pond in the southeastern U.S., differences in nitrogen (N) composition among three dominant wetland plants: actinorhizal hazel alder (Alnus serrulata), fragrant water lily (Nymphaea odorata), and soft rush (Juncus effusus) were investigated. Also investigated were how foliar N in these plants changes across a growing season, and whether there were discernible relationships between plant N content, proximate water chemistry, and sediment chemical composition within the pond zones in which the plants grew. Results showed highest N content in water lily leaves and associated sediments (foliar N increased over growing season), closely followed by alder leaves (foliar N decreased over growing season), and lowest N content in rush culms (foliar N increased over growing season). Juncus plants located near alder had higher foliar N than Juncus not near alder. Ammonium was the dominate form of inorganic N in overlying pond-water with highest levels in pools within alder stands and close to the dam where alder mixed with rush occurred. Highest levels of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) also occurred in alder pools. Results suggested that alder subsidized N content in nearby plants, contributed to inorganic N and DOC content in the overlying water, and that alder-derived N and C were likely exported to down-gradient streams and rivers.
Download or read book Vegetation of inland waters written by Jean-Jacques Symoens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wetland Plants written by Julie K. Cronk and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed account of the biology and ecology of vascular wetland plants and their applications in wetland plant science, Wetland Plants: Biology and Ecology presents a synthesis of wetland plant studies and reviews from biology, physiology, evolution, genetics, community and population ecology, environmental science, and engineering. It provides a
Download or read book Coastally Restricted Forests written by Aimlee D. Laderman and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1998 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A few conifers are found in nature only in narrow, discontinuous bands bordering continental margins. Despite their maritime location, these trees cannot thrive in saline waters and soils. What enables them to grow in challenging habitats? Why don't these species naturalize inland? What characteristics allow them to succeed only near salt water? A strange combination of qualities is seen: the trees are catastrophe-dependent, stress-tolerant, with broad niche potential, but are poor competitors in "easy" sites. They all possess moisture-conserving features usually associated with arid lands, although they grow in regions of high humidity and frequent fogs. This volume is the first to assemble and compare information on widely dispersed coastal forests of the Northern Hemisphere. Authorities on each system explore the properties of these unusual trees and their habitats, and formulate guidelines for their appropriate management and protection. The thirty-six contributing authors include natural resource managers and regulators, ecologists, lumbermen, geneticists, botanists, and paleontologists. The book draws from work on three continents, eight countries, and twenty-three states of the Unites States. One half of the volume is devoted to the seven highly prized, commercially valuable Chamaecyparis species.
Download or read book Southern Forested Wetlands written by Michael G. Messina and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-09-18 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1998, Southern Forested Wetlands is an up to date, one source compendium of current knowledge on the wetland ecology of America’s southern forests. This book presents both the ecological and management aspects of these important ecosystems. The book was compiled by members of the Consortium for Research on southern forested wetlands, and was a collaboration of those working to conserve, study, and manage these economically and environmentally influential areas. The book covers geographic ranges from West Virginia to Florida, to Texas and inland north to Arkansas and Tennessee. It also addresses specific wetland types, including deep-water swamps, major and minor alluvial flood plains, pocosins and Carolina bays, mountain fens, pond cypress swamps, flatwoods wetlands, and mangroves.
Download or read book Concepts and Controversies in Tidal Marsh Ecology written by M.P. Weinstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1968 when I forsook horticulture and plant physiology to try, with the help of Sea Grant funds, wetland ecology, it didn’t take long to discover a slim volume published in 1959 by the University of Georgia and edited by R. A. Ragotzkie, L. R. Pomeroy, J. M. Teal, and D. C. Scott, entitled “Proceedings of the Salt Marsh Conference” held in 1958 at the Marine Institute, Sapelo Island, Ga. Now forty years later, the Sapelo Island conference has been the major intellectual impetus, and another Sea Grant Program the major backer, of another symposium, the “International Symposium: Concepts and Controversies in Tidal Marsh Ecology”. This one re-examines the ideas of that first conference, ideas that stimulated four decades of research and led to major legislation in the United States to conserve coastal wetlands. It is dedicated, appropriately, to two then young scientists – Eugene P. Odum and John M. Teal – whose inspiration has been the starting place for a generation of coastal wetland and estuarine research. I do not mean to suggest that wetland research started at Sapelo Island. In 1899 H. C. Cowles described successional processes in Lake Michigan freshwater marsh ponds. There is a large and valuable early literature about northern bogs, most of it from Europe and the former USSR, although Eville Gorham and R. L. Lindeman made significant contributions to the American literature before 1960. V. J.
Download or read book Agronomic Crops written by Mirza Hasanuzzaman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-23 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agronomic crops have provided food, beverages, fodder, fuel, medicine and industrial raw materials since the beginning of human civilization. More recently, agronomic crops have been cultivated using scientific rather than traditional methods. However, in the current era of climate change, agronomic crops are suffering from different environmental stresses that result in substantial yield loss. To meet the food demands of the ever-increasing global population, new technologies and management practices are being adopted to boost yields and maintain productivity under both normal and adverse conditions. Further, in the context of sustainable agronomic crop production, scientists are adopting new approaches, such as varietal development, soil management, nutrient and water management, and pest management. Researchers have also made remarkable advances in developing stress tolerance in crops. However, the search for appropriate solutions for optimal production to meet the increasing food demand is still ongoing. Although there are several publications on the recent advances in these areas, there are few comprehensive resources available covering all of the recent topics. This timely book examines all aspects of production technologies, management practices and stress tolerance of agronomic crops.
Download or read book Extraterrestrial Life written by NASA Scientific and Technical Information Facility and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surviving Hypoxia written by Peter W. Hochachka and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-11-30 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surviving Hypoxia: Mechanisms of Control and Adaptation is a synthesis of findings and thoughts concerning hypoxia. The thermodynamics of hypoxia are discussed in detail, including acid-base balance and self-pollution resulting from the accumulation of anaerobic end-products. The book focuses on descriptions and discussions of common facets, contrasting solutions in a variety of physiological hypoxia defense strategies, including those shown by plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates. Special treatment is given to the distinctive problems that hypoxia presents to vulnerable organs such as the kidney, liver, and brain. It also addresses pathological events in addition to protective mechanisms. Clinical implications of basic research are examined in the book, which provides new insights into underlying pathological processes occuring in hypoxic-induced organ failure and indicates new paths for successful clinical intervention. Surviving Hypoxia: Mechanisms of Control and Adaptation is an excellent reference for all researchers interested in the physiological effects of hypoxia, underlying pathological events, and protective mechanisms.
Download or read book Physiological Plant Ecology II written by Otto L. Lange and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 747 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: O. L. LANGE, P. S. NOBEL, C. B. OSMOND, and H. ZIEGLER In the original series of the Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, plant water relations and photosynthesis were treated separately, and the connection between phenomena was only considered in special chapters. O. STOCKER edited Vol ume III, Pjlanze und Wasser/Water Relations of Plants in 1956, and 4 years later, Volume V, Parts I and 2, Die COrAssimilation/The Assimilation of Carbon Dioxide appeared, edited by A. PIRSON. Until recently, there has also been a tendency to cover these aspects of plant physiology separately in most text books. Without doubt, this separation is justifiable. If one is specifically inter ested, for example in photosynthetic electron transport, in details of photophos phorylation, or in carbon metabolism in the Calvin cycle, it is not necessary to ask how these processes relate to the water relations of the plant. Accordingly, this separate coverage has been maintained in the New Series of the Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology. The two volumes devoted exclusively to photosynthesis are Volume 5, Photosynthesis I, edited by A. TREBST and M. AVRON, and Volume 6, Photosynthesis II, edited by M. GIBBS and E. LATZKO. When consider ing carbon assimilation and plant water relations from an ecological point of view, however, we have to recognize that this separation is arbitrary.
Download or read book Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation written by Lance B. McNew and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-01 with total page 1017 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book reviews the importance of ecological functioning within rangelands considering the complex inter-relationships of production agriculture, ecosystem services, biodiversity, and wildlife habitat. More than half of all lands worldwide, and up to 70% of the western USA, are classified as rangelands—uncultivated lands that often support grazing by domestic livestock. The rangelands of North America provide a vast array of goods and services, including significant economic benefit to local communities, while providing critical habitat for hundreds of species of fish and wildlife. This book provides compendium of recent data and synthesis from more than 100 experts in wildlife and rangeland ecology in Western North America. It provides a current and in-depth synthesis of knowledge related to wildlife ecology in rangeland ecosystems, and the tools used to manage them, to serve current and future wildlife biologists and rangeland managers in the working landscapes of the West. The book also identifies information gaps and serves as a jumping-off point for future research of wildlife in rangeland ecosystems. While the content focuses on wildlife ecology and management in rangelands of Western North America, the material has important implications for rangeland ecosystems worldwide.
Download or read book Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress Fourth Edition written by Mohammad Pessarakli and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-08-06 with total page 1199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the third edition of the Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress, continuous discoveries in the fields of plant and crop environmental stresses and their effects on plants and crops have resulted in the compilation of a large volume of the latest discoveries. Following its predecessors, this fourth edition offers a unique and comprehensive collection of topics in the fields of plant and crop stress. This new edition contains more than 80% new material, and the remaining 20% has been updated and revised substantially. This volume presents 10 comprehensive sections that include information on soil salinity and sodicity problems; tolerance mechanisms and stressful conditions; plant/crop responses; plant/crop responses under pollution and heavy metal; plant/crop responses under biotic stress; genetic factors and plant/crop genomics under stress conditions; plant/crop breeding under stress conditions; empirical investigations; improving tolerance; and beneficial aspects of stressors. Features: Provides exhaustive coverage written by an international panel of experts in the field of agriculture, particularly in plant/crop stress areas Contains 40 new chapters and 10 extensively revised and expanded chapters Includes three new sections on plant breeding, stress exerted to weeds by plants, and beneficial aspects of stress on plants/crops Numerous case studies With contributions from 100 scientists and experts from 20 countries, this Handbook provides a comprehensive resource for research and for university courses, covering soil salinity/sodicity issues and plant/crop physiological responses under environmental stress conditions ranging from cellular aspects to whole plants. The content can be used to plan, implement, and evaluate strategies to mitigate plant/crop stress problems. This new edition includes numerous tables, figures, and illustrations to facilitate comprehension of the material as well as thousands of index words to further increase accessibility to the desired information.
Download or read book Anoxia written by Alexander Altenbach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-20 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ANOXIA defines the lack of free molecular oxygen in an environment. In the presence of organic matter, anaerobic prokaryotes produce compounds such as free radicals, hydrogen sulfide, or methane that are typically toxic to aerobes. The concomitance of suppressed respiration and presence of toxic substances suggests these habitats are inhospitable to Eukaryota. Ecologists sometimes term such environments 'Death Zones'. This book presents, however, a collection of remarkable adaptations to anoxia, observed in Eukaryotes such as protists, animals, plants and fungi. Case studies provide evidence for controlled beneficial use of anoxia by, for example, modification of free radicals, use of alternative electron donors for anaerobic metabolic pathways, and employment of anaerobic symbionts. The complex, interwoven existence of oxic and anoxic conditions in space and time is also highlighted as is the idea that eukaryotic inhabitation of anoxic habitats was established early in Earth history.
Download or read book Physiology and Biotechnology Integration for Plant Breeding written by Henry T. Nguyen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-01-14 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global demand for wheat, rice, corn, and other essential grains is expected to steadily rise over the next twenty years. Meeting this demand by increasing production through increased land use is not very likely; and while better crop management may make a marginal difference, most agriculture experts agree that this anticipated deficit must be m
