Download or read book Planets Stars and Orbs written by Edward Grant and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1996-07-13 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edward Grant describes the extraordinary range of themes, ideas, and arguments that constituted scholastic cosmology for approximately five hundred years, from around 1200 to 1700. Primary emphasis is placed on the world as a whole, what might lie beyond it, and the celestial region, which extended from the Moon to the outermost convex surface of the cosmos.
Download or read book A History of Natural Philosophy written by Edward Grant and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-01-22 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural philosophy encompassed all natural phenomena of the physical world. It sought to discover the physical causes of all natural effects and was little concerned with mathematics. By contrast, the exact mathematical sciences were narrowly confined to various computations that did not involve physical causes, functioning totally independently of natural philosophy. Although this began slowly to change in the late Middle Ages, a much more thoroughgoing union of natural philosophy and mathematics occurred in the seventeenth century and thereby made the Scientific Revolution possible. The title of Isaac Newton's great work, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, perfectly reflects the new relationship. Natural philosophy became the 'Great Mother of the Sciences', which by the nineteenth century had nourished the manifold chemical, physical, and biological sciences to maturity, thus enabling them to leave the 'Great Mother' and emerge as the multiplicity of independent sciences we know today.
Download or read book The Scientific Revolution written by Steven Shapin and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shapin claims that there was no such thing as the "Scientific Revolution," neither as a coherent chronological event nor as a movement in science. Instead he writes about how reformed practices of making the same observations led to the creation of "new" ideas.
Download or read book Medieval Science Technology and Medicine written by Thomas F. Glick and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demonstrates that the millennium from the fall of the Roman Empire to the flowering of the Renaissance was a period of great intellectual and practical achievement and innovation. This reference work will be useful to scholars, students, and general readers researching topics in many fields of study, including medieval studies and world history.
Download or read book The Sacred and the Sinister written by David J. Collins, S. J. and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2019-03-20 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inspired by the work of eminent scholar Richard Kieckhefer, The Sacred and the Sinister explores the ambiguities that made (and make) medieval religion and magic so difficult to differentiate. The essays in this collection investigate how the holy and unholy were distinguished in medieval Europe, where their characteristics diverged, and the implications of that deviation. In the Middle Ages, the natural world was understood as divinely created and infused with mysterious power. This world was accessible to human knowledge and susceptible to human manipulation through three modes of engagement: religion, magic, and science. How these ways of understanding developed in light of modern notions of rationality is an important element of ongoing scholarly conversation. As Kieckhefer has emphasized, ambiguity and ambivalence characterize medieval understandings of the divine and demonic powers at work in the world. The ten chapters in this volume focus on four main aspects of this assertion: the cult of the saints, contested devotional relationships and practices, unsettled judgments between magic and religion, and inconclusive distinctions between magic and science. Freshly insightful, this study of ambiguity between magic and religion will be of special interest to scholars in the fields of medieval studies, religious studies, European history, and the history of science. In addition to the editor, the contributors to this volume are Michael D. Bailey, Kristi Woodward Bain, Maeve B. Callan, Elizabeth Casteen, Claire Fanger, Sean L. Field, Anne M. Koenig, Katelyn Mesler, and Sophie Page.
Download or read book The Orbs of Heaven Or the Planetary and Stellar Worlds A Popular Exposition of the Great Discoveries and Theories of Modern Astronomy written by Ormsby MacKnight Mitchel and published by . This book was released on 1851 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Orbs of Heaven Or the Planetary and Stellar Worlds A Popular Exposition of the Great Discoveries and Theories of Modern Astronomy 6th Ed written by Ormsby MacKnight Mitchel and published by . This book was released on 1856 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cosmology written by Norriss S. Hetherington and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-08-01 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A most interesting collection of detailed but accessible contributions examining cosmology from multiple perspectives. The 31 chapters are organized in nine sections: cosmology and culture, the Greeks' geometrical cosmos, medieval cosmology and literature, the scientific revolution, galaxies--from speculation to science, the expanding universe, particle physics and cosmology, cosmology and philosophy, and cosmology and religion. Each section is individually introduced. Paper edition (unseen), $18.95. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book God s Clockmaker written by John North and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2010-07-15 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clocks became common in late medieval Europe and the measurement of time began to rule everyday life. God's Clockmaker is a biography of England's greatest medieval scientist, a man who solved major practical and theoretical problems to build an extraordinary and pioneering astronomical and astrological clock. Richard of Wallingford (1292-1336), the son of a blacksmith, was a brilliant mathematician with a genius for the practical solution of technical problems. Trained at Oxford, he became a monk and then abbot of the great abbey of St Albans, where he built his clock. Although as abbot he held great power, he was also a tragic figure, becoming a leper. His achievement, nevertheless, is a striking example of the sophistication of medieval science, based on knowledge handed down from the Greeks via the Arabs.
Download or read book Brady s Book of Fixed Stars written by Bernadette Brady and published by Weiser Books. This book was released on 2024-08-05 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A richly detailed, in-depth look at fixed stars and their role in affecting astrological predictions. Since prehistory, humanity has been held in thrall by the night sky, captivated by the mystery of the stars. Seeking to make sense of such a magical overhead landscape, people used the stars to relate beliefs, creation stories, and mythologies. And just as the fixed stars have ancient origins in human life, their astrological interpretations get right to the heart of our lives. Celebrated astrologer Bernadette Brady melds modern astrological techniques with Egyptian and early Greek mythology to bring astrologers to a deeper understanding of the horoscope and provides delineations for using fixed stars in chart interpretation. Her methods open a window on the fixed stars, revealing how a major star in a person’s chart indicates the stage of life in which it is active and how it affirms the person’s life journey through the mythology that the star represents. Though the fixed stars have been watched and studied for all of human history, Brady’s Book of Fixed Stars continues to be the astrological bible for how to use them in practice. This is an essential resource that should be on every astrologer’s bookshelf. The book includes Paran maps, star maps, star phases, and mythologies for over sixty stars, New insights into the natal use of fixed stars, as well as their use in mundane astrology, Extensive appendices of graphs and tables to help astrologers find rising or setting dates for any given location, And a listing of 176 stars with their 21st-century positions. Originally published by Weiser Books in 1999, this Weiser Classics edition includes a new foreword by Chloe Margherita.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of the Scientific Revolution written by Wilbur Applebaum and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2003-12-16 with total page 1298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With unprecedented current coverage of the profound changes in the nature and practice of science in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Europe, this comprehensive reference work addresses the individuals, ideas, and institutions that defined culture in the age when the modern perception of nature, of the universe, and of our place in it is said to have emerged. Covering the historiography of the period, discussions of the Scientific Revolution's impact on its contemporaneous disciplines, and in-depth analyses of the importance of historical context to major developments in the sciences, The Encyclopedia of the Scientific Revolution is an indispensible resource for students and researchers in the history and philosophy of science.
Download or read book Texts in Transit in the Medieval Mediterranean written by Y. Tzvi Langermann and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2016-09-01 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays studies the movement of texts in the Mediterranean basin in the medieval period from historical and philological perspectives. Rejecting the presumption that texts simply travel without changing, the contributors examine closely the nature of these writings, which are concerned with such topics as science and medicine, and how they changed over the course of their journeys. Transit and transformation give texts new subtexts and contexts, providing windows through which to study how memory, encryption, oral communication, cultural and religious values, and knowledge traveled and were shared, transformed, and preserved. This volume broadens how we think about texts, communication, and knowledge in the medieval world. Aside from the editors, the contributors are Mushegh Asatryan, Brian N. Becker, Leonardo Capezzone, Leigh Chipman, Ofer Elior, Zohar Hadromi-Allouche, B. Harun Küçük, Israel M. Sandman, and Tamás Visi.
Download or read book Apollo s Eye written by Denis Cosgrove and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2003-10-17 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This award-winning science history explores our evolving image of the globe—and how it has shifted our relationship to the world. Long before we had the ability to photograph the earth from space—to see our planet as it would be seen by the Greek god Apollo—images of the earth as a globe had captured popular imagination. In Apollo’s Eye, geographer Denis Cosgrove examines the historical implications for the West of conceiving and representing the earth as a globe: a unified, spherical body. Cosgrove traces how ideas of globalism and globalization have shifted historically in relation to changing images of the earth, from antiquity to the Space Age. He connects the evolving image of a unified globe to politically powerful conceptions of human unity. Winner of the Association of American Publishers Professional and Scholarly Publishing Award in Geography & Earth Sciences
Download or read book Popular Astronomy And The Orbs of Heaven written by Ormsby MacKnight Mitchel and published by . This book was released on 1860 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Number of the Heavens written by Tom Siegfried and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The award-winning former editor of Science News shows that one of the most fascinating and controversial ideas in contemporary cosmology—the existence of multiple parallel universes—has a long and divisive history that continues to this day. We often consider the universe to encompass everything that exists, but some scientists have come to believe that the vast, expanding universe we inhabit may be just one of many. The totality of those parallel universes, still for some the stuff of science fiction, has come to be known as the multiverse. The concept of the multiverse, exotic as it may be, isn’t actually new. In The Number of the Heavens, veteran science journalist Tom Siegfried traces the history of this controversial idea from antiquity to the present. Ancient Greek philosophers first raised the possibility of multiple universes, but Aristotle insisted on one and only one cosmos. Then in 1277 the bishop of Paris declared it heresy to teach that God could not create as many universes as he pleased, unleashing fervent philosophical debate about whether there might exist a “plurality of worlds.” As the Middle Ages gave way to the Renaissance, the philosophical debates became more scientific. René Descartes declared “the number of the heavens” to be indefinitely large, and as notions of the known universe expanded from our solar system to our galaxy, the debate about its multiplicity was repeatedly recast. In the 1980s, new theories about the big bang reignited interest in the multiverse. Today the controversy continues, as cosmologists and physicists explore the possibility of many big bangs, extra dimensions of space, and a set of branching, parallel universes. This engrossing story offers deep lessons about the nature of science and the quest to understand the universe.
Download or read book The Emergence of a Scientific Culture written by Stephen Gaukroger and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 2008-10-23 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why did science emerge in the West and how did scientific values come to be regarded as the yardstick for all other forms of knowledge? Stephen Gaukroger shows just how bitterly the cognitive and cultural standing of science was contested in its early development. Rejecting the traditional picture of secularization, he argues that science in the seventeenth century emerged not in opposition to religion but rather was in many respects driven by it. Moreover, science did not present a unified picture of nature but was an unstable field of different, often locally successful but just as often incompatible, programmes. To complicate matters, much depended on attempts to reshape the persona of the natural philosopher, and distinctive new notions of objectivity and impartiality were imported into natural philosophy, changing its character radically by redefining the qualities of its practitioners. The West's sense of itself, its relation to its past, and its sense of its future, have been profoundly altered since the seventeenth century, as cognitive values generally have gradually come to be shaped around scientific ones. Science has not merely brought a new set of such values to the task of understanding the world and our place in it, but rather has completely transformed the task, redefining the goals of enquiry. This distinctive feature of the development of a scientific culture in the West marks it out from other scientifically productive cultures. In The Emergence of a Scientific Culture, Stephen Gaukroger offers a detailed and comprehensive account of the formative stages of this development—-and one which challenges the received wisdom that science was seen to be self-evidently the correct path to knowledge and that the benefits of science were immediately obvious to the disinterested observer.
Download or read book Sapientia Astrologica Astrology Magic and Natural Knowledge ca 1250 1800 written by H Darrel Rutkin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-24 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the changing perspective of astrology from the Middle Ages to the Early Modern Era. It introduces a framework for understanding both its former centrality and its later removal from legitimate knowledge and practice. The discussion reconstructs the changing roles of astrology in Western science, theology, and culture from 1250 to 1500. The author considers both the how and the why. He analyzes and integrates a broad range of sources. This analysis shows that the history of astrology—in particular, the story of the protracted criticism and ultimate removal of astrology from the realm of legitimate knowledge and practice—is crucial for fully understanding the transition from premodern Aristotelian-Ptolemaic natural philosophy to modern Newtonian science. This removal, the author argues, was neither obvious nor unproblematic. Astrology was not some sort of magical nebulous hodge-podge of beliefs. Rather, astrology emerged in the 13th century as a richly mathematical system that served to integrate astronomy and natural philosophy, precisely the aim of the “New Science” of the 17th century. As such, it becomes a fundamentally important historical question to determine why this promising astrological synthesis was rejected in favor of a rather different mathematical natural philosophy—and one with a very different causal structure than Aristotle's.
