Download or read book Pitfalls in Human Research written by Theodore Xenophon Barber and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pitfalls in Human Research examines 10 ten pivotal points in human research where investigators and experimenters can go astray. Two questions are addressed: At what pivotal points in the complex research process can the experimental study go astray and give rise to misleading results and conclusions? What steps can researchers take to avoid these pitfalls? To answer these questions, those aspects of experimental studies that are under the control of the investigator as well as those aspects that are under the control of the experimenter are examined. This book begins by making a distinction between the investigator and the experimenter, arguing that their roles are functionally quite different. The discussion then turns to the 10 pitfalls in human research, divided into investigator effects and experimenter effects: investigator paradigm effect; investigator experimental design effect; investigator loose procedure effect; investigator data analysis effect; investigator fudging effect; experimenter personal attributes effect; experimenter failure to follow the procedure effect; experimenter misrecording effect; experimenter fudging effect; and experimenter unintentional expectancy effect. This monograph will be a useful resource for both investigators and experimenters, as well as those who utilize research results in their teaching or practice.
Download or read book Research on Human Subjects written by Bernard Barber and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of human subjects in biomedical research has increased rapidly with scientific discoveries. However, the failure to achieve the highest - or even adequate - standards of professional moral concern and behavior is a serious side effect. Research on Human Subjects is based on four years of intensive research in which two studies were completed - one on a nationally representative sample of biomedical research institutions, the second on a sample of 350 researchers who actually used human subjects. The authors explore prevalent ethical norms, the actual ethical behavior of scientists, and the dilemma between the values of humane therapy and scientific discovery. They document the inadequate training that biomedical researchers receive in the ethics of research on human subjects, not only in medical schools but in post-graduate training as well. This landmark work makes very specific suggestions for policy change and reform for the biomedical research profession and its employment of human subjects.
Download or read book Pitfalls in the Research Process Some Philosophical Perspectives written by Centre for Science Development (Human Sciences Research Council) and published by . This book was released on 1991-12-01 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Metamemory written by John Dunlosky and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Metamemory investigates the human ability to evaluate and control learning and information retrieval processes. Each chapter in this authoritative guide highlights a different facet of metamemory research, including classical metamemory judgments; applications of metamemory research to the classroom and courtroom; and cutting-edge perspectives on continuing debates and theory. Chapters also provide broad historical overviews of each research area and discussions of promising directions for future research. The breadth and depth of coverage on offer in this Handbook make it ideal for seminars on metamemory or metacognition. It would also be a valuable supplement for advanced courses on cognitive psychology, of use especially to graduate students and more seasoned researchers who are interested in exploring metamemory for the first time.
Download or read book Ethics of the Use of Human Subjects in Research written by Adil Shamoo and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2021-03-05 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Media headlines about research misconduct in American Universities have focused public attention on the dramatic ethical problems that can arise during the conductof research. In the current atmosphere of accountability, scientific research on humans is now under increased scrutiny by the media, Congress and the public. Ethics of the Use of Human Subjects in Research fills the need for learning materials and strategies providing support for training programs related to the ethics of the use of human subjects in research. It presents a practical introduction to the ethical issues at stake in the conduct of research with human subjects. Beginning with a chapter on research ethics, a total of 10 chapters range in scope from the deveolopment of a protocol for ethical decision making to how to obtain IRB approval, with an emphasis on ethical factors underpinning the IRB process.
Download or read book Designing and Conducting Research in Education written by Clifford J. Drew and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2008 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The authors did an excellent job of engaging students by being empathetic to their anxieties while taking a research design course. The authors also present a convincing case of the relevancies of research in daily life by showing how information was used or misused to affect our personal and professional decisions." —Cherng-Jyh Yen, George Washington University A practice-oriented, non-mathematical approach to understanding, planning, conducting, and interpreting research in education Practical and applied, Designing and Conducting Research in Education is the perfect first step for students who will be consuming research as well as for those who will be actively involved in conducting research. Readers will find up-to-date examinations of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods research approaches which have emerged as important components in the toolbox of educational research. Real-world situations are presented in each chapter taking the reader through various challenges often encountered in the world of educational research. Key Features: Examines quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods research approaches, which have emerged as important components in the toolbox of educational research Explains each step of the research process very practically to help students plan and conduct a research project in education Applies research in real-world situations by taking the reader through various challenges often encountered in field settings Includes a chapter on ethical issues in conducting research Provides a Student study site that offers the opportunity to interact with contemporary research articles in education Instructor Resources on CD provide a Computerized test bank, Sample Syllabi, General Teaching Tips and more Intended audience: This book provides an introduction to research that emphasizes the fundamental concepts of planning and design. The book is designed to be a core text for the very first course on research methods. In some fields the first course is offered at an undergraduate level whereas in others it is a beginning graduate class. "The book is perfect for introductory students. The language is top notch, the examples are helpful, and the graphic features (tables, figures) are uncomplicated and contain important information in an easy-to-understand format. Excellent text!" —John Huss, Northern Kentucky University "Designing and Conducting Research in Education is written in a style that is conducive to learning for the type of graduate students we teach here in the College of Education. I appreciate the 'friendly' tone and concise writing that the authors utilize." —Steven Harris, Tarleton State University "A hands on, truly accessible text on how to design and conduct research" —Joan P. Sebastian, National University
Download or read book Research on Human Subjects written by Bernard Barber and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Methods in Human Development written by Paul C. Cozby and published by WCB/McGraw-Hill. This book was released on 1989 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For undergradute social science majors. A textbook on the interpretation and use of research. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
Download or read book Transforming Clinical Research in the United States written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-10-22 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An ideal health care system relies on efficiently generating timely, accurate evidence to deliver on its promise of diminishing the divide between clinical practice and research. There are growing indications, however, that the current health care system and the clinical research that guides medical decisions in the United States falls far short of this vision. The process of generating medical evidence through clinical trials in the United States is expensive and lengthy, includes a number of regulatory hurdles, and is based on a limited infrastructure. The link between clinical research and medical progress is also frequently misunderstood or unsupported by both patients and providers. The focus of clinical research changes as diseases emerge and new treatments create cures for old conditions. As diseases evolve, the ultimate goal remains to speed new and improved medical treatments to patients throughout the world. To keep pace with rapidly changing health care demands, clinical research resources need to be organized and on hand to address the numerous health care questions that continually emerge. Improving the overall capacity of the clinical research enterprise will depend on ensuring that there is an adequate infrastructure in place to support the investigators who conduct research, the patients with real diseases who volunteer to participate in experimental research, and the institutions that organize and carry out the trials. To address these issues and better understand the current state of clinical research in the United States, the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation held a 2-day workshop entitled Transforming Clinical Research in the United States. The workshop, summarized in this volume, laid the foundation for a broader initiative of the Forum addressing different aspects of clinical research. Future Forum plans include further examining regulatory, administrative, and structural barriers to the effective conduct of clinical research; developing a vision for a stable, continuously funded clinical research infrastructure in the United States; and considering strategies and collaborative activities to facilitate more robust public engagement in the clinical research enterprise.
Download or read book Information Visualization written by Andreas Kerren and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-18 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the outcome of the Dagstuhl Seminar on "Information Visualization -- Human-Centered Issues in Visual Representation, Interaction, and Evaluation" held at Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, from May 28 to June 1, 2007. Information Visualization (InfoVis) is a relatively new research area, which focuses on the use of visualization techniques to help people understand and analyze data. This book documents and extends the findings and discussions of the various sessions in detail. The seven contributions cover the most important topics: There are general reflections on the value of information visualization; evaluating information visualizations; theoretical foundations of information visualization; teaching information visualization. And specific aspects on creation and collaboration: engaging new audiences for information visualization; process and pitfalls in writing information visualization research papers; and visual analytics: definition, process, and challenges.
Download or read book Organizational Neuroscience written by David A. Waldman and published by Emerald Group Publishing Limited. This book was released on 2015-12-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume aims to introduce organizational researchers and practitioners to the role of neuroscience in building theory, research methodologies and practical applications. The volume introduces the field of organizational neuroscience and explores its influence on topics such as leadership, ethics and moral reasoning.
Download or read book The Belmont Report written by United States. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Some Ethical Problems in Research on Human Subjects written by F. Jaime Arellano-Galdames and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Responsible Research written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-02-06 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When 18-year-old Jesse Gelsinger died in a gene transfer study at the University of Pennsylvania, the national spotlight focused on the procedures used to ensure research participants' safety and their capacity to safeguard the well-being of those who volunteer for research studies. Responsible Research outlines a three-pronged approach to ensure the protection of every participant through the establishment of effective Human Research Participant Protection Programs (HRPPPs). The approach includes: Improved research review processes, Recognition and integration of research participants' contributions to the system, and Vigilant maintenance of HRPPP performance. Issues addressed in the book include the need for in-depth, complimentary reviews of science, ethics, and conflict of interest reviews; desired qualifications for investigators and reviewers; the process of informed consent; federal and institutional oversight; and the role of accreditation. Recommendations for areas of key interest include suggestions for legislative approaches, compensation for research-related injury, and the refocusing of the mission of institutional review boards. Responsible Research will be important to anyone interested in the issues that are relevant to the practice of using human subjects as research participants, but especially so to policy makers, research administrators, investigators, and research sponsorsâ€"but also including volunteers who may agree to serve as research participants.
Download or read book Assessment of Diagnostic Technology in Health Care written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-02-01 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology assessment can lead to the rapid application of essential diagnostic technologies and prevent the wide diffusion of marginally useful methods. In both of these ways, it can increase quality of care and decrease the cost of health care. This comprehensive monograph carefully explores methods of and barriers to diagnostic technology assessment and describes both the rationale and the guidelines for meaningful evaluation. While proposing a multi-institutional approach, it emphasizes some of the problems involved and defines a mechanism for improving the evaluation and use of medical technology and essential resources needed to enhance patient care.
Download or read book Clinical Trials and Human Research written by Fay A. Rozovsky and published by Jossey-Bass. This book was released on 2003-06-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This easy-to-read reference book provides a practical approach for dealing with the legal and regulatory compliance issues involved in human research. Covering a broad range of topics, such as consent, confidentiality, subject recruitment and selection, the role of the investigator and Institutional Review Board, it offers timely and useful strategies for achieving regulatory compliance while reducing liability. In addition, insurance, quality management, accreditation, and risk management are topics examined in the book. The practical insights found in this volume are not found in other books on the subject. Clinical Trials and Human Research is a practical tool to help anyone involved in clinical research.
Download or read book Unobtrusive Measures written by Eugene J. Webb and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2000 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thirty-five years ago, the four authors of this book addressed the problem of validity in social science research. This revised edition builds on the earlier version's drive to justify novel techniques of survey and archival research. Richly illustrated throughout, the purpose of this book is to authorize and motivate ingenuity in obtaining information. The authors combine very different methods so that research results can withstand the 'threats to validity' which so frequently invalidate single-measure, conventional research.
