Download or read book Pioneer First to Jupiter Saturn and Beyond written by Richard O. Fimmel and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pioneer First to Jupiter Saturn and Beyond Bibliography written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pioneer written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pioneer Ten and Eleven First to Jupiter Saturn and Beyond written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the history of the Pioneer 10 and 11 Spacecraft Missions, which were two of a series of eight spacecraft missions managed by the Pioneer Project Office of the NASA Ames Research Center. Discusses each launch and the observations made of Jupiter and Saturn.
Download or read book Pioneer written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pioneer First to Jupiter Saturn and Beyond written by Richard O. Fimmel and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pioner written by Richard O. Fimmel and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NASA s Pioneer and Voyager Missions written by Charles River Editors and published by . This book was released on 2019-09-07 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes a bibliography for further reading Today the Space Race is widely viewed poignantly and fondly as a race to the Moon that culminated with Apollo 11 "winning" the Race for the United States. In fact, it encompassed a much broader range of competition between the Soviet Union and the United States that affected everything from military technology to successfully launching satellites that could land on Mars or orbit other planets in the Solar System. Moreover, the notion that America "won" the Space Race at the end of the 1960s overlooks just how competitive the Space Race actually was in launching people into orbit, as well as the major contributions the Space Race influenced in leading to today's International Space Station and continued space exploration. Space exploration was always an expensive business, and throughout NASA's history, the agency has had to justify to Congress its need for every dollar it intended to spend. This problem has helped NASA to be more careful and more creative with the money they did receive, and scientists had to justify the equipment they wanted to include on each space probe. They had to justify the size and the power demand, too. If they wanted too much, the entire mission might be scrubbed, and all their work would have been for naught. This made planning and designs leaner and more efficient, as scientists and engineers were more careful with their recommendations. At the same time, scientists have been repeatedly surprised by their discoveries. Some of those discoveries revealed the dangers of space, like the Van Allen radiation belt, dangerous to astronauts without the right kind of protection. NASA also discovered the massive radiation belt surrounding Jupiter thanks to the Pioneer probes in 1973 and 1974. Similarly, with the knowledge that Titan, the largest moon of Saturn, has a thick atmosphere, later missions were sent to investigate the moon up close. Thus, the Huygens lander pierced the Titan atmosphere in January of 2005 to investigate. Although Apollo 11's successful mission to the Moon is seen as the culmination of the Space Race, and the Apollo program remains NASA's most famous, one of the space agency's most successful endeavors came a few years later. In fact, the Pioneer program was the most diversified sequence of any of NASA's programs, and though they're now remembered for being among the first probes in history to reach the Outer Solar System, the elaborate planning changed goals several times over several years before resulting in historic successes. NASA had wanted to do a Grand Tour of the Solar System toward the end of the 1970s to take advantage f the scheduled alignment of planets, which meant the Pioneer missions were meant to be test runs prior to the main events (Voyager 1 and Voyager 2), and a great many things discovered by Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 were essential to the successful planning of the Voyager probes. In 1977, the Voyager spacecraft were launched from Earth to explore the outer Solar System, and incredibly, the now-ancient technology from the 1970s is still working, sending daily reports back to the planet that sent the two robotic envoys on their way over 40 years ago. Voyager 1 and 2 have done far more than accomplish their original missions. In fact, they are now exploring interstellar space, far beyond the outer planets in the cold wasteland between the stars. Each spacecraft carries a copy of a golden record which contains an introduction to Earth, should some alien civilization happen to encounter either Voyager 1 or Voyager 2. In the first Star Trek movie, writers imagined just that, creating a story of a Voyager spacecraft being captured and adapted for its own uses.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Planetary Sciences written by J.H. Shirley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-06-30 with total page 943 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Planetary science is a truly multidisciplinary subject. The book deals with the atmospheres, surfaces and interiors of the planets and moons, and with the interplanetary environment of plasma and fields, as well as with asteroids and meteorites. Processes such as accretion, differentiation, thermal evolution, and impact cratering form another category of entries. Remote sensing techniques employed in investigation and exploration, such as magnetometry, photometry, and spectroscopy are described in separate articles. In addition, the Encyclopedia chronicles the history of planetary science, including biographies of pioneering scientists, and detailed descriptions of all major lunar and planetary missions and programs. The Encyclopedia of Planetary Sciences is superbly illustrated throughout with over 450 line drawings, 180 black and white photographs, and 63 color illustrations. It will be a key reference source for planetary scientists, astronomers, and workers in related disciplines such as geophysics, geology, and the atmospheric sciences.
Download or read book Beyond Earth written by Asif A. Siddiqi and published by National Aeronautis & Space Administration. This book was released on 2018 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a completely updated and revised version of a monograph published in 2002 by the NASA History Office under the original title Deep Space Chronicle: A Chronology of Deep Space and Planetary Probes, 1958-2000. This new edition not only adds all events in robotic deep space exploration after 2000 and up to the end of 2016, but it also completely corrects and updates all accounts of missions from 1958 to 2000--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book By Jupiter written by Eric Burgess and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1982 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traces the history of scientific research on the planet Jupiter from the observations of Galileo to the explorations of the Pioneer and Voyager space probes.
Download or read book History of Astronomy written by John Lankford and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Encyclopedia traces the history of the oldest science from the ancient world to the space age in over 300 entries by leading experts.
Download or read book New Cosmic Horizons written by David Leverington and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An extensively illustrated account of the development and achievements of astronomical observations from space since WWII.
Download or read book Robotic Exploration of the Solar System written by Paolo Ulivi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-08 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fascinating book is a must-have text for space enthusiasts with an engineering bent. It is a detailed history of unmanned missions that have explored our solar system. The subject is treated wherever possible from an engineering and scientific standpoint and includes technical descriptions of the spacecraft, their mission designs and their instrumentations. Scientific results are discussed in depth, together with details of mission management. The book is fantastically comprehensive, covering missions and results from the 1950s right up to the present day. Some of the latest missions and their results appear in a popular science book for the first time.
Download or read book Representing Scientific Knowledge written by Chaomei Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-25 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is written for anyone who is interested in how a field of research evolves and the fundamental role of understanding uncertainties involved in different levels of analysis, ranging from macroscopic views to meso- and microscopic ones. We introduce a series of computational and visual analytic techniques, from research areas such as text mining, deep learning, information visualization and science mapping, such that readers can apply these tools to the study of a subject matter of their choice. In addition, we set the diverse set of methods in an integrative context, that draws upon insights from philosophical, sociological, and evolutionary theories of what drives the advances of science, such that the readers of the book can guide their own research with their enriched theoretical foundations. Scientific knowledge is complex. A subject matter is typically built on its own set of concepts, theories, methodologies and findings, discovered by generations of researchers and practitioners. Scientific knowledge, as known to the scientific community as a whole, experiences constant changes. Some changes are long-lasting, whereas others may be short lived. How can we keep abreast of the state of the art as science advances? How can we effectively and precisely convey the status of the current science to the general public as well as scientists across different disciplines? The study of scientific knowledge in general has been overwhelmingly focused on scientific knowledge per se. In contrast, the status of scientific knowledge at various levels of granularity has been largely overlooked. This book aims to highlight the role of uncertainties, in developing a better understanding of the status of scientific knowledge at a particular time, and how its status evolves over the course of the development of research. Furthermore, we demonstrate how the knowledge of the types of uncertainties associated with scientific claims serves as an integral and critical part of our domain expertise.
Download or read book Monthly Catalogue United States Public Documents written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1981-04 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
