Download or read book PI3K signalling written by Klaus Okkenhaug and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-03-05 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The PI3Ks control many key functions in immune cells. PI3Ks phosphorylate PtdIns(4,5)P2 to yield PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Initially, PI3K inhibitors such as Wortmannin, LY294002 and Rapamycin were used to establish a central role for Pi3K pathway in immune cells. Considerable progress in understanding the role of this pathway in cells of the immune system has been made in recent years, starting with analysis of various PI3K and Pten knockout mice and subsequently mTOR and Foxo knockout mice. Together, these experiments have revealed how PI3Ks control B cell and T cell development, T helper cell differentiation, regulatory T cell development and function, B cell and T cell trafficking, immunoglobulin class switching and much, much more. The PI3Kd inhibitor idelalisib has recently been approved for the treatment of B cell lymphoma. Clinical trials of other PI3K inhibitors in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases are also in progress. This is an opportune time to consider a Research Topic considering when what we have learned about the PI3K signalling module in lymphocyte biology and how this is making an impact on clinical immunology and haematology.

Download or read book Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Cancer written by Benjamin G. Neel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to bridge the gap in understanding how protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), which carry out the reverse reaction of tyrosine phosphorylation, feature in cancer cell biology. The expertly authored chapters will first review the general features of the PTP superfamily, including their overall structure and enzymological properties; use selected examples of individual PTP superfamily members, to illustrate emerging data on the role of PTPs in cancer; and will review the current status of PTP-based drug development efforts. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Cancer,from renowned researchers Benjamin Neel and Nicholas Tonks, is invaluable reading for researchers in oncology, stem cell signaling,and biochemistry.

Download or read book Phosphoinositide 3 kinase Signalling Pathway The Key To Cell Proliferation And Death written by Lam Eric Wing-fai and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2006-06-08 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed at advanced undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers, this important textbook provides a detailed description of the structure and mechanisms of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3Ks) signalling of all classes, with focus on the cellular context of PI3K activity, including its relevance to normal tissue and diseased states.This book contains a general review chapter detailing the mechanisms of cell proliferation and apoptosis, which are two of the main cellular targets of PI3K signalling. In addition, it provides a detailed description of the role of PI3K on the regulation of FOXO proteins, which are now becoming one of the most closely studied and important proteins in the regulation of cell death, cell proliferation and senescence./a

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Cancer written by Manfred Schwab and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-23 with total page 3307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive encyclopedic reference provides rapid access to focused information on topics of cancer research for clinicians, research scientists and advanced students. Given the overwhelming success of the first edition, which appeared in 2001, and fast development in the different fields of cancer research, it has been decided to publish a second fully revised and expanded edition. With an A-Z format of over 7,000 entries, more than 1,000 contributing authors provide a complete reference to cancer. The merging of different basic and clinical scientific disciplines towards the common goal of fighting cancer makes such a comprehensive reference source all the more timely.

Download or read book Targeting Cellular Signalling Pathways in Lung Diseases written by Kamal Dua and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-02 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book comprehensively reviews and provides detailed insight into the cellular and molecular signalling mechanisms involved in pathophysiology of various respiratory diseases, towards developing effective therapeutic strategies in the management and treatment of lung disease. It also covers promising advances in the field of therapeutics that could lead to novel clinical therapies capable of preventing or reversing the disease features including novel strategies for targeting chronic lung diseases using advanced drug delivery systems. Importantly, the book examines the significance and relevance of the plant extracts and their constituents with therapeutic efficiencies against lung diseases. As such, the book offers a blend of translational, biological, chemical, and drug delivery aspects relevant to respiratory diseases, thus, offering a valuable resource for pulmonologists and translational researchers working in the field of pulmonary biology and respiratory medicine.

Download or read book Phosphoinositide 3 kinase Signalling Pathway written by Eric W.-F. Lam and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed at advanced undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers, this important textbook provides a detailed description of the structure and mechanisms of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3Ks) signalling of all classes, with focus on the cellular context of PI3K activity, including its relevance to normal tissue and diseased states. This book contains a general review chapter detailing the mechanisms of cell proliferation and apoptosis, which are two of the main cellular targets of PI3K signalling. In addition, it provides a detailed description of the role of PI3K on the regulation of FOXO proteins, which are now becoming one of the most closely studied and important proteins in the regulation of cell death, cell proliferation and senescence. Contents: Introduction (E W-F Lam); Cell Proliferation and Cell Death; In Vivo Roles of Cell Cycle and Apoptosis Regulators; The Role of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase in Proliferation and Apoptosis (A Sunters & E W-F Lam); Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Signalling Pathway; Class IA PI3K Enzymes; Class IB PI3K Enzymes; Class II PI3K Enzymes; Class III PI3K Enzymes; Expression of PI3K Enzymes; 3-Phosphoinositide Binding Domains; Downstream Targets of 3-Phosphoinositide; Manipulation of PI3K Enzyme Expression; Biological Role of PI3K Signalling Pathway; Phosphoinositide Phosphatases; The Role of the PI3K Pathway in Disease (J Domin); PI3K Signalling to Cell Survival and Proliferation; Molecules Directly Regulated by D3 Lipids; Genetic Studies of PI3K Function in Model Organisms; Molecules Downstream of PI3K and D3 Lipids; PI3K Regulation of Cell Survival; Signalling from PI3K to Cell Proliferation; Alterations of PI3K and Its Pathways in Cancer; Cancer Therapeutics (P Brennan); FOXO Transcription Factors; Forkhead Transcription Factors; FOXO Transcription Factors; Signalling to FOXO Proteins; Cellular Relocation Mechanism; FOXO Protein Processing; Transcriptional Activity of FoxO Proteins; Functions of FOXO in Vivo; FOXO Targets and Function; FOXO Proteins in Transformation and Diseases (S Fernandez de Mattos et al.). Key Features Provides a clear and well-organized review of PI3K signalling garnered from an exhaustive review of the available literature Readership: Undergraduates, postgraduates, academic researchers, clinicians and scientists working in industry.

Download or read book Prostate Cancer written by Scott M. Dehm and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-03 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to provide a contemporary overview of the causes and consequences of prostate cancer from a cellular and genetic perspective. Written by experts in the fields of epidemiology, toxicology, cell biology, genetics, genomics, cell-cell interactions, cell signaling, hormone signaling, and transcriptional regulation, the text covers aspects of prostate cancer from disease initiation to metastasis. Chapters explore in depth the cells of origin for prostate cancer, its genomic subtypes, neural transcription factors in disease progression, epigenetic regulation of chromatin, and many other topics. This book distinguishes itself from other texts on prostate cancer by its focus on cellular and genetic mechanisms, as opposed to clinical diagnosis and management. As a result, this book will be of broad interest to basic and translational scientists with familiarity of these topics, as well as to trainees at earlier stages of their research careers.

Download or read book The Liver written by Irwin M. Arias and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-09 with total page 1156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridging the gap between basic scientific advances and the understanding of liver disease — the extensively revised new edition of the premier text in the field. The latest edition of The Liver: Biology and Pathobiology remains a definitive volume in the field of hepatology, relating advances in biomedical sciences and engineering to understanding of liver structure, function, and disease pathology and treatment. Contributions from leading researchers examine the cell biology of the liver, the pathobiology of liver disease, the liver’s growth, regeneration, metabolic functions, and more. Now in its sixth edition, this classic text has been exhaustively revised to reflect new discoveries in biology and their influence on diagnosing, managing, and preventing liver disease. Seventy new chapters — including substantial original sections on liver cancer and groundbreaking advances that will have significant impact on hepatology — provide comprehensive, fully up-to-date coverage of both the current state and future direction of hepatology. Topics include liver RNA structure and function, gene editing, single-cell and single-molecule genomic analyses, the molecular biology of hepatitis, drug interactions and engineered drug design, and liver disease mechanisms and therapies. Edited by globally-recognized experts in the field, this authoritative volume: Relates molecular physiology to understanding disease pathology and treatment Links the science and pathology of the liver to practical clinical applications Features 16 new “Horizons” chapters that explore new and emerging science and technology Includes plentiful full-color illustrations and figures The Liver: Biology and Pathobiology, Sixth Edition is an indispensable resource for practicing and trainee hepatologists, gastroenterologists, hepatobiliary and liver transplant surgeons, and researchers and scientists in areas including hepatology, cell and molecular biology, virology, and drug metabolism.

Download or read book Blood Glucose Levels written by Leszek Szablewski and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-01-08 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main source of energy for the body is glucose. Its low blood concentrations can cause seizures, loss of consciousness and death. Long lasting high glucose levels can cause blindness, renal failure, cardiac and peripheral vascular disease, and neuropathy. Blood glucose concentrations need to be maintained within narrow limits. The process of maintaining blood glucose at a steady state is called glucose homeostasis. This is achieved through a balance of the rate of consumption of dietary carbohydrates, utilization of glucose by peripheral tissues, and the loss of glucose through the kidney tubule. The liver and kidney also play a role in glucose homeostasis. This book aims to provide an overview of blood glucose levels in health and diseases.

Download or read book Autophagy Cancer Other Pathologies Inflammation Immunity Infection and Aging written by M. A. Hayat and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-12-28 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autophagy: Cancer, Other Pathologies, Inflammation, Immunity, Infection, and Aging is an eleven volume series that discusses in detail all aspects of autophagy machinery in the context of health, cancer, and other pathologies. Autophagy maintains homeostasis during starvation or stress conditions by balancing the synthesis of cellular components and their deregulation by autophagy. This series discusses the characterization of autophagosome-enriched vaccines and its efficacy in cancer immunotherapy. Autophagy serves to maintain healthy cells, tissues, and organs, but also promotes cancer survival and growth of established tumors. Impaired or deregulated autophagy can also contribute to disease pathogenesis. Understanding the importance and necessity of the role of autophagy in health and disease is vital for the studies of cancer, aging, neurodegeneration, immunology, and infectious diseases. Comprehensive and forward-thinking, these books offer a valuable guide to cellular processes while also inciting researchers to explore their potentially important connections. - Presents the most advanced information regarding the role of the autophagic system in life and death - Examines whether autophagy acts fundamentally as a cell survivor or cell death pathway or both - Introduces new, more effective therapeutic strategies in the development of targeted drugs and programmed cell death, providing information that will aid in preventing detrimental inflammation - Features recent advancements in the molecular mechanisms underlying a large number of genetic and epigenetic diseases and abnormalities, including atherosclerosis and CNS tumors, and their development and treatment - Includes chapters authored by leaders in the field around the globe—the broadest, most expert coverage available

Download or read book Signal Transduction in Cancer written by David A. Frank and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-12-31 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most exciting areas of cancer research now is the development of agents which can target signal transduction pathways that are activated inappropriately in malignant cells. The understanding of the molecular abnormalities which distinguish malignant cells from their normal counterparts has grown tremendously. This volume summarizes the current research on the role that signal transduction pathways play in the pathogenesis of cancer and how this knowledge may be used to develop the next generation of more effective and less toxic anticancer agents. Series Editor comments: "The biologic behavior of both normal and cancer cells is determined by critical signal transduction pathways. This text provides a comprehensive review of the field. Leading investigators discuss key molecules that may prove to be important diagnostic and/or therapeutic targets."

Download or read book Exploring PI3K Signalling Dynamics in Pancreatic Cancer written by Carmen Fernanda Ramos Delgado and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PI3Ks are enzymes that catalyse the phosphorylation of inositol phospholipids in the 3-position of the inositol ring. These substrates and products are involved in multiple cellular processes such as cell growth, proliferation, cell motility and cellular trafficking. In mammals, there are 8 isoforms of PI3Ks and they are grouped into three classes (class I, II and III) depending on their structure and substrate specificity. Class I PI3Ks are the best characterised and the most commonly implicated in cancer. Current evidence on the oncogenic roles of class II and class III PI3Ks is limited. The PI3K/Akt signalling pathway is frequently hyperactivated in cancers and is usually correlated to a poor prognosis, particularly in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). More than 90% of PDAC cases are driven by activating mutations in Kras, which then activate downstream effector-signalling pathways, including the PI3K pathway. PDAC is one of the most lethal cancers, characterised by a late-stage diagnosis, a rapid progression and limited therapeutic options. There is a dire need to find new biomarkers and to design novel therapeutics for PDAC management. Previous studies from the team demonstrated that PI3Kalpha, a class I PI3K, is crucial in the initial stages of PDAC. Nonetheless, its role during PDAC progression remains unknown. My PhD aims to elucidate PI3K signalling dynamics in PDAC. I focused on characterising the role of PI3Kalpha in PDAC progression and on determining its suitability as a therapeutic target. Additionally, I show preliminary data on the role of Vps34, a class III PI3K, in acinar cell physiology and its possible role in pancreatic carcinogenesis. The pharmacological and genetic inactivation of PI3Kalpha in vitro demonstrate that this PI3K isoform regulates parameters that drive pancreatic tumour cell progression regardless of oncogenic mutations. These effects are organ-specific; depending on the organ context, another class I PI3K isoform could drive the cancer progression. These results were then validated in vivo in the KPC mouse model used for preclinical testing of PDAC. KPC mice with high levels of cfDNA and a detected tumour via ultrasound imaging were treated with the PI3Kalpha-specific inhibitor, BYL-719. Likewise, I compared the pharmacological inhibition of PI3Kalpha with the genetic inactivation of PI3Kalpha in the pancreatic epithelium of KPC mice. Targeting PI3Kalpha in vivo, pharmacologically and genetically, decreases tumour volume, increases life expectancy and delays metastatic dissemination. To further support the anti-metastatic effect of PI3Kalpha, a tail vein assay was performed and the mice were also given BYL-719. This last experiment reproduced the previous results obtained with the other mouse models, reinforcing the role of PI3Kalpha in decreasing metastatic dissemination. Besides delaying metastatic dissemination, PI3Kalpha also decreased the infiltration of protumoral macrophages, suggesting a role for this isoform in shaping the immune response. [...].

Download or read book Signaling Pathways in Liver Diseases written by Jean-Francois Dufour and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-08-31 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Signaling Pathways in Liver Diseases, Third Edition again provides hepatologists and hepatology researchers with an expert overview of the complex and novel cellular/extracellular signaling pathways in the liver, and their role in liver diseases. The last few years have seen a great number of developments in this field, which in turn have led to new opportunities for innovative treatments; however, the intricacy of these pathways and their interactions continue to provide a real challenge for clinicians. This outstanding book compiles the emerging knowledge into a single expert resource, cataloguing and organizing it into an accessible and understandable format. With increased focus on the comprehension of cellular mechanisms involved in steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver tumors, which has led to changes in the management of these diseases, this new edition also sees the introduction of exciting new chapters on key emerging areas such as: Autophagy Notch Pathway P13K/PTEN Signaling in Liver Diseases Sirtuins Hepcidin and Iron Epigenetic Regulation of Hepatic Stellate Cells and Liver Fibrosis Oxidative Stress and Signaling in the Liver. Professors Dufour and Clavien have assembled an all-star cast of chapter authors, each of whom has provided clear and appropriate illustrations to reinforce the text, with a key points box offering a concise and handy summary. Self-assessment questions and answers allow the reader to test their own knowledge. Signaling Pathways in Liver Disease, Third Edition is the perfect educational and reference tool to bridge the information exchange between the laboratory, the clinical ward, and the operating room, and an essential tool for the modern-day hepatologist.

Download or read book Protein Kinase mediated Decisions Between Life and Death written by Ayse Basak Engin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-04 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protein phosphorylation via protein kinases is an inevitable process that alters physiological and pathological functions of the cells. Thus, protein kinases play key roles in the regulation of cell life or death decisions. Protein kinases are frequently a driving factor in a variety of human diseases including aging and cellular senescence, immune system and endothelial dysfunctions, cancers, insulin resistance, cholestasis and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as bacterial resistance in persistent infections. Recent developments in quantitative proteomics provide important opinions on kinase inhibitor selectivity and their modes of action in the biological context. Protein Kinase-mediated Decisions Between Life and Death aims to have the reader catch insights about up-to-date opinions on “Protein Kinases” related pathways that threaten human health and life. As “Protein Kinases” are related to many health problems, clinicians, basic science researchers and students need this information. Chapter “Signal Transduction in Immune Cells and Protein Kinases” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Download or read book Phosphoinositide 3 kinase in Health and Disease written by Christian Rommel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-17 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From humble beginnings over 25 years ago as a lipid kinase activity associated with certain oncoproteins, PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) has been catapulted to the forefront of drug development in cancer, immunity and thrombosis, with the first clinical trials of PI3K pathway inhibitors now in progress. Here we give a brief overview of some key discoveries in the PI3K area and their impact, and include thoughts on the current state of the field, and where it could go from here

Download or read book BMP2 induced PI3K Signalling in Directed Cell Migration written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cancer Cell Signaling written by Kasirajan Ayyanathan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-06-20 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.Cell signaling is a field that studies how cells communicate to control basic activities and respond to their environment. When looking specifically at cancer cells, researchers can gain a better understanding of cancer on a cellular level, an understanding that may have implications for developi