Download or read book Physique statistique hors d quilibre Processus irr versibles lin aires written by Noëlle Pottier and published by EDP Sciences. This book was released on 2023-10-03T00:00:00+02:00 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alors que les systèmes à l'équilibre sont traités d'une façon unifiée par le formalisme de la fonction de partition, la physique statistique des systèmes hors d'équilibre couvre une grande variété de situations qui sont souvent sans lien apparent. L'originalité de cet ouvrage est de proposer un point de vue unifié pour l'ensemble des systèmes proches de l'équilibre : il dégage la profonde unité des lois qui les régissent et rassemble un grand nombre de résultats usuellement dispersés dans la littérature. Le lecteur trouvera dans ce livre un exposé pédagogique des résultats fondamentaux : origines physiques de l'irréversibilité, théorème de fluctuation-dissipation, équation de Boltzmann, réponse linéaire, relations d'Onsager, phénomènes de transport, équations de Langevin et de Fokker-Planck. L'organisation de cet ouvrage en fait aussi bien un manuel d'enseignement pour les phénomènes irréversibles qu'un livre de référence pour les chercheurs grâce à son caractère exhaustif. Issu d'un cours donné pendant de nombreuses années au DEA de Physique des solides de la région parisienne, ce livre s'adresse à un vaste public d'étudiants de master de physique et de chimie, et d'élèves des écoles d'ingénieurs. Il intéressera également les chercheurs dans des domaines aussi variés que la physique des solides, la mécanique des fluides, la physique des plasmas ou la mécanique céleste. L'ouvrage se compose de 17 chapitres ainsi organisés: -notions de base (chapitre 1) -la thermodynamique des processus irréversibles (chapitre 2) -l'introduction à la physique statistique hors d'équilibre (chapitres 3 et 4) -les approches cinétiques (chapitres 5 à 9) -le mouvement brownien (chapitres 10 et 11) -la théorie de la réponse linéaire (chapitres 12 à 14) -coefficients de transport (chapitres 15 à 17).
Download or read book Physique Statistique Hors D quilibre written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title focuses on situations and phenomena in physics implicating the systems that are not in thermodynamic balance.
Download or read book Approche Int grabiliste Des Mod les de Physique Statistique Hors D quilibre written by Matthieu Vanicat and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although statistical physics has been very successful to describe physical systems at thermal equilibrium (thanks to the Boltzmann distribution, which reflects the maximization of the entropy, and allows one to construct in a systematic way thermodynamic potentials), it remains elusive to provide an efficient framework to study phenomena that are out-of-equilibrium, i.e displaying non vanishing current of physical quantities (energy, charge, particles...).The goal of the thesis is to describe such systems with very simple models which retain nevertheless their main physical features. The models consist in particles evolving randomly on a one dimensional lattice connected to reservoirs and subject to hard-core repulsion. The challenge lies in computing exactly the stationary state of the model, especially the particle current, its fluctuations and more precisely its large deviation function (which is expected to play the role of an out-of-equilibrium thermodynamic potential).In the first part of the thesis we construct models, called integrable, in which we can perform exact computations of physical quantities. We introduce several new out-of-equilibrium models that are obtained by solving, in specific cases, the Yang-Baxter equation and the reflection equation. We provide new algebraic structures which allow us to construct the solutions through a Baxterisation procedure.In the second part of the thesis we compute exactly the stationary state of these models using a matrix ansatz. We shed light on the connection between this technique and the integrability of the model by pointing out two key relations: the Zamolodchikov-Faddeev relation and the Ghoshal-Zamolodchikov relation. The integrability is also exploited, through the quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations, to compute the fluctuations of the particles current, unrevealing connections with the theory of symmetric polynomials (the Koornwinder polynomials in particular).Finally the last part of the thesis deals with the hydrodynamic limit of the models, i.e when the lattice spacing tends to 0 and the number of particles tends to infinity. The exact results obtained for a finite size system allow us to check the validity of the predictions of the macroscopic fluctuations theory (concerning the fluctuations of the current and the density profile in the stationary state) and to extend the theory to systems with several species of particles.
Download or read book Statistical Theory of Heat written by Wilhelm Brenig and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text on the statistical theory of nonequilibrium phenomena grew out of lecture notes for courses on advanced statistical mechanics that were held more or less regularly at the Physics Department of the Technical University in Munich. My aim in these lectures was to incorporate various developments of many-body theory made during the last 20-30 years, in particular the correlation function approach, not just as an "extra" alongside the more "classical" results; I tried to use this approach as a unifying concept for the presentation of older as well as more recent results. I think that after so many excellent review articles and advanced treatments, correlation functions and memory kernels are as much a matter of course in nonequilibrium statistical physics as partition functions are in equilibrium theory, and should be used as such in regular courses and textbooks. The relations between correlation functions and earlier vehicles for the formulation of nonequilibrium theory such as kinetic equations, master equations, Onsager's theory, etc. , are discussed in detail in this volume. Since today there is growing interest in nonlinear phenomena I have included several chapters on related problems. There is some nonlinear response theory, some results on phenomenological nonlinear equations and some microscopic applications of the nonlinear response formalism. The main focus, however, is on the linear regime.
Download or read book Grandes d viations physique statistique et syst mes dynamiques written by Julien Tailleur and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La théorie des grandes déviations traite des comportements asymptotiques d'évènements rares. C'est le langage moderne de la physique statistique d'équilibre, qui semble offrir un cadre naturel pour une extension hors équilibre. Nous présentons dans cette thèse plusieurs applications, analytiques et numériques, de cette théorie dans différents contextes. Nous montrons d'abord comment localiser numériquement des trajectoires de chaoticité atypique de systèmes dynamiques complexes. Nous étendons ensuite l'algorithme présenté à une classe de systèmes et d'observables plus large. La deuxième partie de cette thèse montre sur un exemple comment le calcul de fonctions de grandes déviations d'un système hors équilibre peut parfois se ramener à un calcul d'équilibre. La dernière partie traite des chemins de réaction en chimie et de leur détermination numérique. Le formalisme introduit repose sur la supersymétrie de l'équation de Fokker-Planck et redonne naturellement la théorie de Morse.
Download or read book Physique statistique et illustrations en physique du solide written by Claudine Hermann and published by Editions Ecole Polytechnique. This book was released on 2003 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La physique statistique permet de faire le lien entre les propriétés d'un système macroscopique et le comportement microscopique, ainsi que la nature, des particules qui le constituent l'approche de type statistique est indispensable à cause du gigantisme du nombre d'Avogadro, qui relie ces deux échelles. De nombreux systèmes clés de la technologie d'aujourd'hui, comme les semi-conducteurs ou les lasers, sont des objets quantiques macroscopiques : la physique statistique permet de comprendre leurs principes de fonctionnement. L'accent est mis, en particulier dans la seconde partie du cours, sur les applications concrètes : propriétés des électrons dans les solides et leurs applications ; thermodynamique du rayonnement et effet de serre. [Source : 4e de couv.]
Download or read book Fluid Mechanics and the SPH Method written by Damien Violeau and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-03 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the SPH method for fluid modelling from a theoretical and applied viewpoint. It explains the foundations of the method, from physical principles, and will help researchers, students, and engineers to understand how the method should be used and why it works well.
Download or read book Statistical Physics And Thermodynamics Of Nonlinear Nonequilibrium Systems written by Wolfgang Muschik and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1993-03-27 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In these proceedings, it is shown that thermodynamical concepts are not ‘old fashioned’ but still are most useful at the frontiers of modern science. Among the contributors are well-known experts such as Andresen (Copenhagen), Eu (Montreal), Groβmann (Marburg), Kawasaki (Fuhuoha), Maugin (Paris), Nicolis (Bruxelles) and Szépfalusy (Budapest). The subject covers a wide field including: recent developments in phenomenological thermodynamics, statistical foundation of thermodynamical concepts, thermodynamical concepts in nonlinear dynamics, applications to nonlinear (neural) networks, stochastic theory and transition processes.
Download or read book Statistical Thermodynamics and Stochastic Theory of Nonequilibrium Systems written by Werner Ebeling and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents both the fundamentals and the major research topics in statistical physics of systems out of equilibrium. It summarizes different approaches to describe such systems on the thermodynamic and stochastic levels, and discusses a variety of areas including reactions, anomalous kinetics, and the behavior of self-propelling particles.
Download or read book Non equilibrium Statistical Thermodynamics Applied To Fluid Dynamics And Laser Physics written by Xavier De Hemptinne and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1992-02-28 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book stresses the role of uncorrelated exchange of properties between macroscopic systems and their surroundings as the only source of dynamic irreversibility. To that end, fundamentals of statistical thermodynamics extended to the non-equilibrium are worked out carefully. The principles are then applied to selected problems in classical fluid dynamics. Transport coefficients are first derived from basic laws. This is followed by a full discussion of transitions to dissipative structures in selected systems far removed from equilibrium (Bénard and Taylor vortices, calculation of the critical Reynolds number for transition to turbulence in Poiseuille flow). The final part focuses on interaction of matter with light. Fundamentals are extended towards quantum-mechanical systems. Applied to coherent radiation and its interaction with matter, the proposed thermodynamic treatment introduces an original discussion into the quantum nature of micro-physics.The book questions and reconsiders a deeply rooted paradigm in macroscopic dynamics concerning the cause of irreversibility. The new proposal is illustrated by application to a couple of well documented non-equilibrium domains, namely fluid dynamics and laser physics.
Download or read book Nonequilibrium Statistical Thermodynamics written by Bernard H. Lavenda and published by Courier Dover Publications. This book was released on 2019-04-17 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops in detail the statistical foundations of nonequilibrium thermodynamics, based on the mathematical theory of Brownian motion. Author Bernard H. Lavenda demonstrates that thermodynamic criteria emerge in the limit of small thermal fluctuations and in the Gaussian limit where means and modes of the distribution coincide. His treatment assumes the theory of Brownian motion to be a general and practical model of irreversible processes that are inevitably influenced by random thermal fluctuations. This unifying approach permits the extraction of widely applicable principles from the analysis of specific models. Arranged by argument rather than theory, the text is based on the premises that random thermal fluctuations play a decisive role in governing the evolution of nonequilibrium thermodynamic processes and that they can be viewed as a dynamic superposition of many random events. Intended for nonmathematicians working in the areas of nonequilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, this book will also be of interest to chemical physicists, condensed matter physicists, and readers in the area of nonlinear optics.
Download or read book Statistical Dynamics written by R. F. Streater and published by Imperial College Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can one construct dynamical systems obeying the first and second laws of thermodynamics: mean energy is conserved and entropy increases with time? This book answers the question for classical probability (Part I) and quantum probability (Part II). A novel feature is the introduction of heat particles which supply thermal noise and represent the kinetic energy of the molecules. When applied to chemical reactions, the theory leads to the usual nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations as well as modifications of them. These can exhibit oscillations, or can converge to equilibrium.In this second edition, the text is simplified in parts and the bibliography has been expanded. The main difference is the addition of two new chapters; in the first, classical fluid dynamics is introduced. A lattice model is developed, which in the continuum limit gives us the Euler equations. The five Navier-Stokes equations are also presented, modified by a diffusion term in the continuity equation. The second addition is in the last chapter, which now includes estimation theory, both classical and quantum, using information geometry.
Download or read book Unstable States in the Continuous Spectra Analysis Concepts Methods and Results written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-11-25 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Quantum Chemistry presents surveys of current developments in this rapidly developing field. With invited reviews written by leading international researchers, each presenting new results, it provides a single vehicle for following progress in this interdisciplinary area. - Publishes articles, invited reviews and proceedings of major international conferences and workshops - Written by leading international researchers in quantum and theoretical chemistry - Highlights important interdisciplinary developments
Download or read book Materials Preparation and Characterization in Thermoelectrics written by David Michael Rowe and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes updated theoretical considerations which provide an insight into avenues of research most likely to result in further improvements in material performance. It details the latest techniques for the preparation of thermoelectric materials employed in energy harvesting, together with advances in the thermoelectric characterisation of nanoscale material. The book reviews the use of neutron beams to investigate phonons, whose behaviour govern the lattice thermal conductivity and includes a chapter on patents.
Download or read book An Introduction To Stochastic Processes And Nonequilibrium Statistical Physics written by Horacio Sergio Wio and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1994-02-07 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this textbook is to bring together, in a self-contained introductory form, the scattered material in the field of stochastic processes and statistical physics. It offers the opportunity of being acquainted with stochastic, kinetic and nonequilibrium processes. Although the research techniques in these areas have become standard procedures, they are not usually taught in the normal courses on statistical physics. For students of physics in their last year and graduate students who wish to gain an invaluable introduction on the above subjects, this book is a necessary tool.
Download or read book Statistical Thermodynamics of Nonequilibrium Processes written by Joel Keizer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The structure of the theory ofthermodynamics has changed enormously since its inception in the middle of the nineteenth century. Shortly after Thomson and Clausius enunciated their versions of the Second Law, Clausius, Maxwell, and Boltzmann began actively pursuing the molecular basis of thermo dynamics, work that culminated in the Boltzmann equation and the theory of transport processes in dilute gases. Much later, Onsager undertook the elucidation of the symmetry oftransport coefficients and, thereby, established himself as the father of the theory of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Com bining the statistical ideas of Gibbs and Langevin with the phenomenological transport equations, Onsager and others went on to develop a consistent statistical theory of irreversible processes. The power of that theory is in its ability to relate measurable quantities, such as transport coefficients and thermodynamic derivatives, to the results of experimental measurements. As powerful as that theory is, it is linear and limited in validity to a neighborhood of equilibrium. In recent years it has been possible to extend the statistical theory of nonequilibrium processes to include nonlinear effects. The modern theory, as expounded in this book, is applicable to a wide variety of systems both close to and far from equilibrium. The theory is based on the notion of elementary molecular processes, which manifest themselves as random changes in the extensive variables characterizing a system. The theory has a hierarchical character and, thus, can be applied at various levels of molecular detail.
Download or read book Nonequilibrium Statistical Physics written by Roberto Livi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-05 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical mechanics has been proven to be successful at describing physical systems at thermodynamic equilibrium. Since most natural phenomena occur in nonequilibrium conditions, the present challenge is to find suitable physical approaches for such conditions: this book provides a pedagogical pathway that explores various perspectives. The use of clear language, and explanatory figures and diagrams to describe models, simulations and experimental findings makes the book a valuable resource for undergraduate and graduate students, and also for lecturers organizing teaching at varying levels of experience in the field. Written in three parts, it covers basic and traditional concepts of nonequilibrium physics, modern aspects concerning nonequilibrium phase transitions, and application-orientated topics from a modern perspective. A broad range of topics is covered, including Langevin equations, Levy processes, directed percolation, kinetic roughening and pattern formation.
