Download or read book Philosophical Issues in Pharmaceutics written by Dien Ho and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-27 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This anthology provides a collection of new essays on ethical and philosophical issues that concern the development, dispensing, and use of pharmaceuticals. It brings together critical ethical issues in pharmaceutics that have not been included in any collection (e.g., the ethics of patients as researchers). In addition, it includes philosophical issues that are not within the traditional domain of applied ethics. For example, a game-theoretic approach to combating the emergence of antibiotic-resistent pathogens by spreading altruism. A tripartite distinction provides an organized series of discussions that shows the interrelatedness of philosophical issues from the creation of pharmaceuticals, the creation of demand for them, through their delivery to their ultimate consumption.
Download or read book A Philosopher Goes to the Doctor written by Dien Ho and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-10 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds light on important philosophical assumptions made by professionals working in clinical and research medicine. In doing so, it aims to make explicit how active philosophy is in medicine and shows how this awareness can result in better and more informed medical research and practice. It examines: what features make something a scientific discipline; the inherent tensions between understanding medicine as a research science and as a healing practice; how the “replication crisis” in medical research asks us to rethink the structure of knowledge production in our modern world; whether explanations have any real scientific values; the uncertainties about probabilistic claims; and whether it is possible for evidence-based medicine to truly be value free. The final chapter argues that the most important question we can ask is not, “How can we separate values from science?” but, “In a democratic society, how can we decide in a politically and morally acceptable way what values should drive science?” Key features: introduces complex philosophical issues in a manner accessible to non-professional academics; critically examines philosophical assumptions made in medicine, providing a better understanding of medicine that can lead to better healthcare; integrates medical examples and historic contexts so as to frame the rationale of philosophical views and provide lively illustrations of how philosophy can impact science and our lives; uses inter-connected chapters to demonstrate that disparate philosophical concepts are deeply related (e.g., it shows how the aims of medicine inform how we should understand theoretical reasoning).
Download or read book Pharmaceutical Care Practice written by Robert J. Cipolle and published by McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the advent of the new pharmaceutical practice paradigm, critical changes are occurring in pharmacy education and practice. Pharmaceutical Care Practice is authored by the key leaders in the development of this new practice model, which features an increased focus on patient-oriented care. This book explains these changes in comprehensive detail. This text provides all the implementation strategies in step-by-step detail to operate in this new environment. Its versatility and depth enable it to be used as a basis for improvements in the pharmacy curriculum and throughout clinical practice.
Download or read book Ethical Dimensions of Pharmaceutical Care written by Amy Haddad and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-11-21 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethical Dimensions of Pharmaceutical Care examines the recent shift in the pharmaceutical field to care provision as the primary definer of what it means to practice pharmacy in the 1990s. In the process, this book encourages readers to reconceptualize their roles as care providers and develop their own solutions to ethical dilemmas encountered in their practices. Realizing that practitioners must ultimately define their own principles and the points at which they are willing to compromise, the authors help readers construct individual philosophical approaches for conducting their services. An analytical and philosophical guidebook, Ethical Dimensions of Pharmaceutical Care delves into the diverse, yet connected, areas of pharmacy education and practice, ethics, and the ethics of care. Synthesizing theory and practice, it probes stimulating areas such as feminism and pharmacy ethics. It opens the doors to a better understanding of the deeper and multiple meanings of covenant, moral compromise, and integrity. Bringing together experts from the ethics of care, pharmaceutical care, and pharmacy ethics, Ethical Dimensions of Pharmaceutical Care analyzes the relationships between these disciplines and their combined impact on pharmacy. Professional standards and norms are examined as well as new methods relevant to the daily practice of pharmacy and its future directions. Practitioners, pharmacy academicians, and pharmacy students will find the book?s discussions of the following topics thought-provoking and instructive: comprehensive pharmaceutical care integrity and the role of the pharmacist philosophical issues encountered in practice ethical conflict and moral compromise the 1994 Code of Ethics for Pharmacists Ethical Dimensions of Pharmaceutical Care recognizes the value that traditional models of moral rules and principles have had in the various health professions. It contends, however, that the modern health care system requires different methods for practicing ethics. Proposing new approaches that acknowledge the complexity of the modern health care system, this book marks out for the pharmacist a course that will continue beyond the confines of the book.
Download or read book Uncertainty in Pharmacology written by Adam LaCaze and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-20 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers a wide range of topics concerning methodological, epistemological, and regulatory-ethical issues around pharmacology. The book focuses in particular on the diverse sources of uncertainty, the different kinds of uncertainty that there are, and the diverse ways in which these uncertainties are (or could be) addressed. Compared with the more basic sciences, such as chemistry or biology, pharmacology works across diverse observable levels of reality: although the first step in the causal chain leading to the therapeutic outcome takes place at the biochemical level, the end-effect is a clinically observable result—which is influenced not only by biological actions, but also psychological and social phenomena. Issues of causality and evidence must be treated with these specific aspects in mind. In covering these issues, the book opens up a common domain of investigation which intersects the deeply intertwined dimensions of pharmacological research, pharmaceutical regulation and the related economic environment. The book is a collective endeavour with in-depth contributions from experts in pharmacology, philosophy of medicine, statistics, scientific methodology, formal and social epistemology, working in constant dialogue across disciplinary boundaries.
Download or read book A Philosopher Goes to the Doctor written by Dien Ho and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds light on important philosophical assumptions made by professionals working in clinical and research medicine. In doing so, it aims to make explicit how active philosophy is in medicine and shows how this awareness can result in better and more informed medical research and practice. It examines: what features make something a scientific discipline; the inherent tensions between understanding medicine as a research science and as a healing practice; how the "replication crisis" in medical research asks us to rethink the structure of knowledge production in our modern world; whether explanations have any real scientific values; the uncertainties about probabilistic claims; and whether it is possible for evidence-based medicine to truly be value free. The final chapter argues that the most important question we can ask is not, "How can we separate values from science?" but, "In a democratic society, how can we decide in a politically and morally acceptable way what values should drive science?" Key features: introduces complex philosophical issues in a manner accessible to non-professional academics; critically examines philosophical assumptions made in medicine, providing a better understanding of medicine that can lead to better healthcare; integrates medical examples and historic contexts so as to frame the rationale of philosophical views and provide lively illustrations of how philosophy can impact science and our lives; uses inter-connected chapters to demonstrate that disparate philosophical concepts are deeply related (e.g., it shows how the aims of medicine inform how we should understand theoretical reasoning). alues should drive science?" Key features: introduces complex philosophical issues in a manner accessible to non-professional academics; critically examines philosophical assumptions made in medicine, providing a better understanding of medicine that can lead to better healthcare; integrates medical examples and historic contexts so as to frame the rationale of philosophical views and provide lively illustrations of how philosophy can impact science and our lives; uses inter-connected chapters to demonstrate that disparate philosophical concepts are deeply related (e.g., it shows how the aims of medicine inform how we should understand theoretical reasoning).
Download or read book Ethics and the Pharmaceutical Industry written by Michael A. Santoro and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-10-31 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the pharmaceutical industry's notable contributions to human progress, including the development of miracle drugs for treating cancer, AIDS, and heart disease, there is a growing tension between the industry and the public. Government officials and social critics have questioned whether the multibillion-dollar industry is fulfilling its social responsibilities. This doubt has been fueled by the national debate over drug pricing and affordable healthcare, and internationally by the battles against epidemic diseases, such as AIDS, in the developing world. Debates are raging over how the industry can and should be expected to act. The contributions in this book by leading figures in industry, government, NGOs, the medical community, and academia discuss and propose solutions to the ethical dilemmas of drug industry behavior. They examine such aspects as the role of intellectual property rights and patent protection, the moral and economic requisites of research and clinical trials, drug pricing, and marketing.
Download or read book Bad Pharma written by Ben Goldacre and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2014-04 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 2012, revised edition published in 2013, by Fourth Estate, Great Britain; Published in the United States in 2012, revised edition also, by Faber and Faber, Inc.
Download or read book Case Studies in Pharmacy Ethics written by Robert M. Veatch and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every pharmacist constantly makes ethical choices. Sometimes these choices are dramatic, life-and-death decisions, but often they are more subtle, less conspicuous choices that are nonetheless important. Assisted suicide, conscientious refusal, pain management, equitable and efficacious distribution of drug resources within institutions and managed care plans, confidentiality, and alternative and non-traditional therapies are among the issues that are of unique concern to pharmacists. One way of seeing the implications of such issues and the moral choices they pose is to look at the experiences and the choices that have had to be made in situations typically faced by pharmacists. This book is a collection of those situations based on the real experiences of practicing pharmacists. The use of case studies in health care ethics is not new, but in pharmacy it is. This text is an important teaching tool that will help pharmacy students and pharmacists address the increasing number of ethical problems arising in their profession. It is not merely a compilation of cases, but rather is organized for the systematic study of applied ethics. Part I shows how to distinguish ethical problems from other kinds of evaluative judgments and examines the sources of values in pharmacy, posing basic questions about the meaning and justification of ethical claims. Part II explores the basic principles of ethics as they have an impact on pharmacy. Specific cases from clinical settings present in a systematic way the various questions raised by each of the major ethical principles: benefiting the patient; distributing resources justly; respecting autonomy; dealing honestly with patients; keeping promises of confidentiality; and avoiding killing. Part III examines some of the special problems of contemporary pharmacy such as the linkages between pharmaceutical care and professional practice, human experimentation, reproductive issues, genetic technology, death and dying, and mental health.
Download or read book Science Politics And The Pharmaceutical Industry written by John Abraham and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug disasters from Thalidomide to Opren, and other less dramatic cases of drug injury, raise questions about whether the testing and control of medicines provides satisfactory protection for the public. In this revealing study, John Abrahan develops a theoretically challenging realist approach, in order to probe deeply into the work of scientists in the pharmaceutical industry and governmental drug regulatory authorities on both sides of the Atlantic. Through the examination of contemporary controversial case studies, he exposes how the commercial interest of drug manufacturers are consistently given the benefit of the scientific doubts about medicine safety and effectiveness, over and above the best interests of patients.; A highly original combination of philosophical rigour, historical sensitivity and empirical depth enables the "black box" of industrial and government science to be opened up to critical scrutiny much more than in previous social scientific study. All major aspects of drug testing and regulation are considered, including pre- clinical animal tests, clinical trials and postmarketing surveillance of adverse drug reactions. The author argues that drug regulators are too dependent on pharmaceutical industry resources and expertise, and too divorced from public accountability. The problem of corporate bias is particularly severe in the UK, where regulatory decisions about medicine safety are shrouded in greater secrecy than in the US.; Since the purpose of drug regulation should be to maximize the safety and effectiveness of medicines for patients, the public needs and deserves policies to counteract corporate bias in drug testing and evaluation. John Abraham's realist analysis provides a robust basis for policy interventions at the institutional and legislative levels. He proposes that corporate bias could be reduced by more extensive freedom of information, greater autonomy of government scientists from pharmaceutical industry, the development of independent drug testing by the regulatory authority, increased patient representation on regulatory committees, and more frequent and thorough oversight of regulatory performance by the legislature. This book should be of interest to anyone who cares about how medicines should be controlled in modern society. It should prove particularly rewarding for students and researchers in the sociology of science and technology, science and medicines policy, medical sociologists, the medical and pharmaceutical professions, and consumer organizations.
Download or read book The Modern Pharmacist written by Otto E. Bruder and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pharmaceutical Freedom written by Jessica Flanigan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-07-03 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If a competent adult refuses medical treatment, physicians and public officials must respect her decision. Coercive medical paternalism is a clear violation of the doctrine of informed consent, which protects patients' rights to make medical decisions even if a patient's choice endangers her health. The same reasons for rejecting medical paternalism in the doctor's office are also reasons to reject medical paternalism at the pharmacy, yet coercive medical paternalism persists in the form of premarket approval policies and prescription requirements for pharmaceuticals. In Pharmaceutical Freedom Jessica Flanigan defends patients' rights of self-medication. Flanigan argues that public officials should certify drugs instead of enforcing prohibitive pharmaceutical policies that disrespect people's rights to make intimate medical decisions and prevent patients from accessing potentially beneficial new therapies. This argument has revisionary implications for important and timely debates about medical paternalism, recreational drug legalization, human enhancement, prescription drug prices, physician assisted suicide, and pharmaceutical marketing. The need for reform is especially urgent as medical treatment becomes increasingly personalized and patients advocate for the right to try. The doctrine of informed consent revolutionized medicine in the twentieth century by empowering patients to make treatment decisions. Rights of self-medication are the next step.
Download or read book Ethical Responsibility in Pharmacy Practice written by Robert A. Buerki and published by Amer. Inst. History of Pharmacy. This book was released on 2002 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pharmacy Ethics and Decision Making written by Joy Wingfield and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pharmacy Ethics and Decision Making is an introduction to professional ethics and accountability for practising pharmacists. It provides a grounding in moral philosophy and its application to key concepts such as human rights, consent, confidentiality and the care of vulnerable patients in pharmacy practice. It will also help pharmacists to debate and influence their involvement and positions on issues such as:* palliative care and the end of life* emergency contraception* new technologies in pharmacogenetics* use of animals in research* ethical issues in clinical trials* global aspects of pharmaceutical marketing.Written by one of the co-authors of Dale and Appelbe's Pharmacy Law and Ethics, and a healthcare philosopher, this book is aimed at students, pre-registration trainees and newly qualified pharmacists.Joy Wingfield is Boots Special Professor of Pharmacy Law and Ethics, University of Nottingham, UK.David Badcott is a retired Pharmacist, and a Member of the Centre for Applied Ethics of Cardiff University, UK.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of the Biopharmaceutical Industry written by Patricia M. Danzon and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-12 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The biopharmaceutical industry has been a major driver of technological change in health care, producing unprecedented benefits for patients, cost challenges for payers, and profits for shareholders. As consumers and companies benefit from access to new drugs, policymakers around the globe seek mechanisms to control prices and expenditures commensurate with value. More recently the 1990s productivity boom of new products has turned into a productivity bust, with fewer and more modest innovations, and flat or declining revenues for innovative firms as generics replace their former blockbuster products. This timely volume examines the economics of the biopharmaceutical industry, with eighteen chapters by leading academic health economists. Part one examines the economics of biopharmaceutical innovation including determinants of the costs and returns to new drug development; how capital markets finance R&D and how costs of financing the biopharmaceutical industry compare to financing costs for other industries; the effects of safety and efficacy regulation by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and of price and reimbursement regulation on incentives for innovation; and the role of patents and regulatory exclusivities. Part two examines the market for biopharmaceuticals with chapters on prices and reimbursement in the US, the EU, and other industrialized countries, and in developing countries. It looks at the optimal design of insurance for drugs and the effects of cost sharing on spending and on health outcomes; how to measure the value of pharmaceuticals using pharmacoeconomics, including theory, practical challenges, and policy issues; how to measure pharmaceutical price growth over time and recent evidence; empirical evidence on the value of pharmaceuticals in terms of health outcomes; promotion of pharmaceuticals to physicians and consumers; the economics of vaccines; and a review of the evidence on effects of mergers, acquisitions and alliances. Each chapter summarizes the latest insights from theory and recent empirical evidence, and outlines important unanswered questions and areas for future research. Based on solid economics, it is nevertheless written in terms accessible to the general reader. The book is thus recommended reading for academic economists and non-economists, and for those in industry and policy who wish to understand the economics of this fascinating industry.
Download or read book Hooked written by Howard Brody and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2007 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, medical professionals have betrayed the public's trust by accepting various benefits from the pharmaceutical industry. Both drug company representatives and doctors employ artful spin to portray this behavior positively to the public, and to themselves. In Hooked, Howard Brody argues that we can neither understand the problem, nor propose helpful solutions until we identify the many levels of activity connecting these purportedly noble industries. We can pass laws and enact regulations, but ultimately the medical profession must take responsibility for its own integrity. Hooked is a wake-up call for anyone expecting high quality, ethical medical care.
Download or read book Nonclinical Assessment of Abuse Potential for New Pharmaceuticals written by Carrie Markgraf and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-07-14 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonclinical Assessment of Abuse Potential for New Pharmaceuticals offers a complete reference on the current international regulatory guidelines and details best practice methodology for the three standard animal models used to evaluate abuse potential: physical dependence, self-administration and drug discrimination. This book also includes chapters on alternative models and examples of when you should use these alternatives. Case histories are provided at the end of the book to show how the data generated from the animal models play a pivitol role in the submission package for a new drug. By incorporating all of this information into one book, Nonclinical Assessment of Abuse Potential for New Pharmaceuticals is your single resource for everything you need to know to understand and implement the assessment of abuse liability. Provides a consolidated overview of the complex regulatory landscape Offers best practice methodology for conducting animal studies, including selection of doses and positive control agents that will help you improve your own abuse potential studies Includes real-life examples to illustrate how nonclinical data fit into the submission strategy
