Download or read book Phase and Shape Evolutions of Ion Beam Synthesized Ge Based Nanostructures written by Swanee Shin and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesis and characterization of Ge based nanostructures are presented. Ion beam synthesis of pure Ge nanocrystals by 74Ge+ implantation into a silica matrix is presented and the strategy to narrow the size distribution by controlling the substrate temperature during implantation is discussed. The size distribution of the sputter synthesized Ge nanocrystals is compared with that of ion beam synthesized Ge nanocrystals. Co-implantation of 74Ge and 120Sn forms binary eutectic alloy nanocrystals. The morphology of the nanocrystals is characterized with transmission electron microscopy and the thermodynamic implication of the equilibrium shape is discussed. It is demonstrated that nanocrystals with a metastable state can be formed with a single excimer laser pulse. The detailed structures and crystallinity of both equilibrium and metastable states are characterized using Raman spectroscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. Initial composition dependent recovery of the equilibrium crystalline state upon heating of the metastable structure is investigated with ex-situ Raman spectroscopy and in-situ transmission electron microscopy equipped with a heating stage. The observed temperature tuning range extends from near room temperature to over 500 0C depending on the Sn content, indicating metal mediated lowering of the crystallization temperature. The phase maps of each phase transformation step of the GeSn alloy nanocrystals are shown using energy filtered transmission electron microscopy, and the position shift of the bulk plasmon peak is demonstrated. One dimensional binary eutectic alloy nanostructures, GeAu nanowires, are also synthesized and characterized. In GeAu nanowires, composition dependent post-growth engineering produced various types of morphologies due to the effectively infinite length for atomic diffusion in one direction. The possibility of creating nanostructures with a combination of ion beam implantation and electron beam irradiation is visited and remaining issues are discussed.

Download or read book Shape Evolution of Nanostructures by Thermal and Ion Beam Processing written by Lars Röntzsch and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Study the Structural Properties of Ge Nanoparticles Formed by Ion Implantation and Thermal Annealing in Nitride base Dielectric Matrices written by Sahar Mirzaei and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis investigates the formation of Ge nanoparticles (NPs) in amorphous Si3N4 and SiOxNy by ion implantation and thermal annealing. The structural properties of the NPs were determined using a combination of laboratory and synchrotron based techniques including cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), Raman spectroscopy measurements and x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The motivation for this research is that NPs synthesized from Group IV semiconductors, including Ge, show potential for novel electronic and optoelectronic devices. Ge was chosen as the material for this study, mainly due to its very large bulk exciton Bohr radius (Rb̃ 10 nm) and consequently small R/Rb ratio (where R is the NP radius), which increases the quantum confinement regime for optoelectronic applications. Also, Ge NPs embedded in thin dielectric films have exhibited impressive charge storage capabilities, useful in non-volatile memory (NVM) applications. While many studies have focused on the SiO2 matrix, there have been few experimental studies on the growth of Ge NPs in a silicon nitride and silicon oxynitride matrices. The main focus of this project was on the formation of Ge NPs in different Si3N4-based matrices and examining the short range atomic structure of embedded NPs as function of NP size using extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). Specifically, four different matrices have considered: PECVD Si3N4, LPCVD Si3N4, PECVD SiO1.67N0.14 and PECVD SiO1.12N0.37. Size evolution and structural properties of NPs were examined as function of implantation conditions and the host matrix. Ge NPs were formed in plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) Si3N4. Precipitations occurred for Ge concentrations of ≥6 at.%, which suggests the solubility limits of this order. NP size was influenced by Ge concentration and annealing temperature. NP size increased from 2.4 to 4 nm - for samples annealed at 900oC for 1 hour- when concentration was increased from 9 to 12 at.%. Moreover, as annealing temperature was increased from 700 to 900 oC NP size increased from 3 to 4.5 nm (for 12 at.% Ge samples). In general NP diameters were much small compared to SiO2 matrix due to the N content of the system, low diffusivity and large interfacial energy between Ge atoms and Si3N4-based matrices. Unlike PECVD Si3N4, ion beam synthesis of Ge in LPCVD Si3N4 layers resulted in the formation of SiGe NPs. NP size altered from 2.8 to 3.2 nm for 12 at.% Ge concentration samples after annealing temperature was increased from 700 to 900oC. Also, NP size increased from 2.3 to 3.2 nm for samples annealed at 900oC for 1 hour when Ge concentration was increased from 9 to 12 at.%. Complementary XAS techniques (in particular EXAFS), allowed us a precise and better understanding of the structure of embedded SiGe NPs. Since the lattice difference between Ge and SiGe NPs (less than 4%) could not be distinguished by TEM. A phase transition of the matrix was observed for LPCVD and PECVD Si3N4 matrices after annealing at 1100 oC. This significantly lowered crystallization temperature of un-implanted layers (1600-1800oC). Formation of nanosilicide particles, change of stoichiometry and implantation induced-damage are found to be the most likely causes of crystallization. Ge NPs were formed in SiO1.67N0.14 matrix for different Ge concentrations and annealing temperatures. For Ge concentrations from 9 to 12 at.% annealed at 900oC for 1 hour, NP size increased from 3.7 to 4.5 nm. Also, when annealing temperature was increased from 700 to 900oC NP size increased from 4.1 to 4.5 for 12 at.% Ge concentration. We observed that slight amount of the N in the system had a significant effect on NP size similar to PECVD Si3N4. Unlike other examined systems, cavities were formed near the implanted region in SiO1.12N0.37 matrix for different concentrations and annealing temperatures, which could be correlated to the matrix structure and composition or vacancy events after ion implantation. The size, origin and properties of formed cavities are subjects of future work. No phase transition (or long-range diffusivity of Ge atoms) was observed for SiOxNy matrices after annealing at 1100 oC.

Download or read book Structural and Optical Characterization of Ion Beam Synthesized Ge Nanocrystals written by Ian David Sharp and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book FIB Nanostructures written by Zhiming M. Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-04 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FIB Nanostructures reviews a range of methods, including milling, etching, deposition, and implantation, applied to manipulate structures at the nanoscale. Focused Ion Beam (FIB) is an important tool for manipulating the structure of materials at the nanoscale, and substantially extends the range of possible applications of nanofabrication. FIB techniques are widely used in the semiconductor industry and in materials research for deposition and ablation, including the fabrication of nanostructures such as nanowires, nanotubes, nanoneedles, graphene sheets, quantum dots, etc. The main objective of this book is to create a platform for knowledge sharing and dissemination of the latest advances in novel areas of FIB for nanostructures and related materials and devices, and to provide a comprehensive introduction to the field and directions for further research. Chapters written by leading scientists throughout the world create a fundamental bridge between focused ion beam and nanotechnology that is intended to stimulate readers' interest in developing new types of nanostructures for application to semiconductor technology. These applications are increasingly important for the future development of materials science, energy technology, and electronic devices. The book can be recommended for physics, electrical engineering, and materials science departments as a reference on materials science and device design.

Download or read book Bimetallic Nanostructures written by Ya-Wen Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-14 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systematically summarizes the current status and recent advances in bimetallic structures, their shape-controlled synthesis, properties, and applications Intensive researches are currently being carried out on bimetallic nanostructures, focusing on a number of fundamental, physical, and chemical questions regarding their synthesis and properties. This book presents a systematic and comprehensive summary of the current status and recent advances in this field, supporting readers in the synthesis of model bimetallic nanoparticles, and the exploration and interpretation of their properties. Bimetallic Nanostructures: Shape-Controlled Synthesis for Catalysis, Plasmonics and Sensing Applications is divided into three parts. Part 1 introduces basic chemical and physical knowledge of bimetallic structures, including fundamentals, computational models, and in situ characterization techniques. Part 2 summarizes recent developments in synthetic methods, characterization, and properties of bimetallic structures from the perspective of morphology effect, including zero-dimensional nanomaterials, one-dimensional nanomaterials, and two-dimensional nanomaterials. Part 3 discusses applications in electrocatalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, plasmonics and sensing. Comprehensive reference for an important multidisciplinary research field Thoroughly summarizes the present state and latest developments in bimetallic structures Helps researchers find optimal synthetic methods and explore new phenomena in surface science and synthetic chemistry of bimetallic nanostructures Bimetallic Nanostructures: Shape-Controlled Synthesis for Catalysis, Plasmonics and Sensing Applications is an excellent source or reference for researchers and advanced students. Academic researchers in nanoscience, nanocatalysis, and surface plasmonics, and those working in industry in areas involving nanotechnology, catalysis and optoelectronics, will find this book of interest.

Download or read book Ion Beam Synthesis of Ge Nanowires written by Torsten Müller and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Growth of Ge Ag and Multilayered Si Ge Nanostructures by Ion Beam Sputter Glancing Angle Deposition written by Chinmay Khare and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Swift Heavy Ions for Materials Engineering and Nanostructuring written by Devesh Kumar Avasthi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-24 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion beams have been used for decades for characterizing and analyzing materials. Now energetic ion beams are providing ways to modify the materials in unprecedented ways. This book highlights the emergence of high-energy swift heavy ions as a tool for tailoring the properties of materials with nanoscale structures. Swift heavy ions interact with materials by exciting/ionizing electrons without directly moving the atoms. This opens a new horizon towards the 'so-called' soft engineering. The book discusses the ion beam technology emerging from the non-equilibrium conditions and emphasizes the power of controlled irradiation to tailor the properties of various types of materials for specific needs.

Download or read book Handbook of Less Common Nanostructures written by Boris I. Kharisov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-03-19 with total page 867 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As nanotechnology has developed over the last two decades, some nanostructures, such as nanotubes, nanowires, and nanoparticles, have become very popular. However, recent research has led to the discovery of other, less-common nanoforms, which often serve as building blocks for more complex structures. In an effort to organize the field, the Handbook of Less-Common Nanostructures presents an informal classification based mainly on the less-common nanostructures. A small nanotechnological encyclopedia, this book: Describes a range of little-known nanostructures Offers a unifying vision of the synthesis of nanostructures and the generalization of rare nanoforms Includes a CD-ROM with color versions of more than 100 nanostructures Explores the fabrication of rare nanostructures, including modern physical, chemical, and biological synthesis techniques The Handbook of Less-Common Nanostructures discusses a classification system not directly related to the dimensionality and chemical composition of nanostructure-forming compounds or composite. Instead, it is based mainly on the less-common nanostructures. Possessing unusual shapes and high surface areas, these structures are potentially very useful for catalytic, medical, electronic, and many other applications.

Download or read book Materials Science Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 1290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Laser Ablation in Liquids written by Guowei Yang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-02-22 with total page 1166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the fundamental concepts and physical and chemical aspects of pulsed laser ablation of solid targets in liquid environments and its applications in the preparation of nanomaterials and fabrication of nanostructures. The areas of focus include basic thermodynamic and kinetic processes of laser ablation in liquids, and its applic

Download or read book Size Effects in Nanostructures written by Victor Kuncser and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-01 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The influence of size effects on the properties of nanostructures is subject of this book. Size and interfacial effects in oxides, semiconductors, magnetic and superconducting nanostructures, from very simple to very complex, are considered. The most general meaning is assumed for size effects, including not only the influence of a reduced dimension/dimensionality, but also specific interfacial effects. Preparation and characterization tools are explained for various nanostructures. The specific applications are discussed with respect to size-related properties. A logic implication of type phenomenon-property-material-application is envisaged throughout this work.

Download or read book Amorphous Nanomaterials written by Lin Guo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-01 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A valuable overview covering important fundamental and applicative aspects of amorphous nanomaterials! Amorphous nanomaterials are very important in non-crystalline solids, which have emerged as a new category of advanced materials. Compared to the crystalline counterpart, amorphous nanomaterials with isotropic nature always exhibit fast ion diffusion, relieved strain, and higher reactivity, enabling such materials to exhibit high performance in mechanics and catalysis, as well as other interesting properties. Amorphous Nanomaterials: Preparation, Characterization, and Applications covers the fundamental concept, synthesis, characterization, properties, and applications of nanoscaled amorphous materials. It starts with the introduction of amorphous materials, then gives a global view of the history, structure, and growth mechanism of amorphous nanomaterials. Subsequently, some powerful techniques to characterize amorphous materials, such as X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, spherical aberration electron microscope, in-situ-Transmission Electron Microscope, Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy, and some other defect characterization technologies are included. Furthermore, the emerging innovative methods to fabricate well-defined, regularshaped amorphous nanomaterials, including zero-, one-, two-, and three-dimensional amorphous nanomaterials are systematically introduced. The fascinating properties and applications related to amorphous nanomaterials including the applications in electrocatalysis, batteries, supercapacitors, photocatalysis, mechanics, etc., are presented. It will greatly help the researchers to find professional answers related to amorphous materials. Great topic: amorphous nanomaterials are a very large and important field in both academia and industry Comprehensive: in-depth discussion of various important aspects, from both a fundamental and an applied point of view, on the chemistry, physics and technological importance of the amorphous nanomaterials are presented Vitally needed: the understanding of the fundamentals of amorphous nanomaterials is a prerequisite for devising new applications of such materials Highly relevant: amorphous nanomaterials have found specific applications in chemistry, catalysis, physics, sensing, batteries, supercapacitors, and engineering Amorphous Nanomaterials is a vital resource for materials scientists, inorganic and physical chemists, solid state chemists, physicists, catalytic and analytical chemists, as well as organic chemists.

Download or read book Gas Phase Synthesis of Nanoparticles written by Yves Huttel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first overview of this topic begins with some historical aspects and a survey of the principles of the gas aggregation method. The second part covers modifications of this method resulting in different specialized techniques, while the third discusses the post-growth treatment that can be applied to the nanoparticles. The whole is rounded off by a review of future perspectives and the challenges facing the scientific and industrial communities. An excellent resource for anyone working with the synthesis of nanoparticles, both in academia and industry.

Download or read book Transmission Electron Microscopy written by David B. Williams and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electron microscopy has revolutionized our understanding the extraordinary intellectual demands required of the mi of materials by completing the processing-structure-prop croscopist in order to do the job properly: crystallography, erties links down to atomistic levels. It now is even possible diffraction, image contrast, inelastic scattering events, and to tailor the microstructure (and meso structure ) of materials spectroscopy. Remember, these used to be fields in them to achieve specific sets of properties; the extraordinary abili selves. Today, one has to understand the fundamentals ties of modem transmission electron microscopy-TEM of all of these areas before one can hope to tackle signifi instruments to provide almost all of the structural, phase, cant problems in materials science. TEM is a technique of and crystallographic data allow us to accomplish this feat. characterizing materials down to the atomic limits. It must Therefore, it is obvious that any curriculum in modem mate be used with care and attention, in many cases involving rials education must include suitable courses in electron mi teams of experts from different venues. The fundamentals croscopy. It is also essential that suitable texts be available are, of course, based in physics, so aspiring materials sci for the preparation of the students and researchers who must entists would be well advised to have prior exposure to, for carry out electron microscopy properly and quantitatively.

Download or read book Thin Film Phenomena written by Kasturi L. Chopra and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: