Download or read book Pharmacology of Ganglionic Transmission written by D.A. Kharkevich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: D.A. KHARKEVICH The history of the study of ganglionic substances begins with the paper of LANGLEY and DICKINSON (1889), who established the ability of nicotine to block the neurones in the superior cervical ganglion. This was a considerable discovery as the authors ascertained that impulses were transmitted from pre- to postganglionic neurones in the autonomic ganglia. Simultaneously they indicated the possibility of pharmaco logical influence upon interneuronal transmission in autonomic ganglia. The idea of ganglionic receptors specifically sensitive to nicotine followed logically. Later, LANGLEY (1905, 1906) considered the problem of receptors with respect to neuro-effector synapses. It is remarkable that he was one of the first to put forward the theory of chemical mediation of excitation (" ... the nervous impulse should not pass from nerve to muscle by an electric discharge, but by the secretion of a special substance at the end of the nerve": LANGLEY, 1906, p. 183). In addition, LANGLEY JOHN N. LANGLEY (1852-1926) D.A. KHARKEVICH 2 and his collaborators managed to define the topography of autonomic ganglia more precisely by means of nicotine. It should be mentioned that it was he who introduced the terms "autonomic nervous system" and "parasympathetic nervous system".
Download or read book The Pharmacology of Lymphocytes written by Michael A. Bray and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Immunopharmacology" , why not "pharmacoimmunology"? Professor H. O. Schild University College London, 1962 An intact immune response is essential for survival, as is evidenced by the various innate immune deficiency syndromes and by the emergence of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) as a pandemic during the last decade. Substances which stimulate the immune response might contribute to the therapy of AIDS and its precursor, AIDS-related syndrome, as well as of other clinical conditions in which immune responses can be diminished, such as carcinoma and infections. In other circumstances, an intact or heightened immune response may pose clinical problems; hence there is need to suppress, or diminish, components of the immune response. For instance, it is necessary to impair cellular immunity in order to ensure lasting acceptance of heterografts and it is already established that agents effective in transplantation are therapeutically effective in an range of autoimmune diseases. More recently, experimental studies have indicated that aberrant manifestations of humoral immunity, as in allergies, may also be amenable to pharmacological intervention.
Download or read book Pharmacology of Antihypertensive Drugs written by P.A. Van Zwieten and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Hypertension, Volume 3: Pharmacology of Antihypertensive Drugs presents the biological and clinical knowledge in the field of hypertension. This book discusses the fundamental pharmacology of antihypertensive drugs. Organized into 12 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the classification of antihypertensive mechanisms of drugs. This text then examines the effects of antihypertensive drugs in animal models and discusses the importance of these models and responses to human hypertension. Other chapters consider the pharmacological basis for the treatment of hypertension. This book discusses as well the various classes of antihypertensive drugs, which depends on two factors. The final chapter deals with the inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme, which are essential in the drug treatment of hypertensive disease. This book is a valuable resource for clinicians, pharmacists, physiologists, epidemiologists, biological scientists, and general practitioners. Clinical investigators and medical students will also find this book extremely useful.
Download or read book Autonomic Pharmacology written by Kenneth J Broadley and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This overview of autonomic pharmacology describes the anatomy, physiology and pharmacology of the autonomic involuntary nervous system. Covering the diverse group of drugs acting on the autonomous nervous system, their actions are reviewed together with their clinical uses, side effects, interactions and subcellular mechanisms of action. Information is organized in a logical flow, bringing together the latest advances in an integrated form on topics usually found only in a fragmented form.; This work is intended for all those researching in industry and academic institutions in pharmaceutical, pharmacological sciences, pharmacy, medical sciences, physiology, neurosciences, biochemistry and molecular biology.
Download or read book Pharmacology of the Skin II written by and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent interest in the pharmacology of the skin and the treatment of its diseases has come about for two reasons. The first is a realisation that many aspects of pharmacology can be studied as easily in human skin as in animal models, where they may be more relevant to human physiology and disease. Examples of this are the action of various vasoactive agents and the isolation of mediators of inflammation after UV irradiation and antigen-induced dermatitis. The second reason is the fortuitous realisation that a pharmacological approach to the treatment of skin disease need not always await the full elucidation of aetiology and mechanism. For example, whilst the argument continued un resolved as to whether the pilo-sebaceous infection which constitutes acne was due to a blocked duct or to a simple increase in sebum production, 13-cis retinoic acid, was found quite by chance totally to ablate the disease; again, whilst cyclosporin, fresh from its triumphs in organ transplantation, has been found able to suppress the rash of psoriasis, it has resuscitated the debate on aetiology. We are therefore entering a new era in which the pharmacology and clinical pharmacology of skin are being studied as a fascinating new way of exploring questions of human physiology and pharmacology as well as for the development and study of new drugs, use of which will improve disease control and at the same time help to define pathological mechanisms.
Download or read book Pharmacology of Antimuscarinic Agents written by Laszlo Gyermek and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-11-25 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theoretical and practical significance of antimuscarinic drugs is more obvious today than ever before. Antimuscarinics have helped to explore the pathomechanisms of of Alzheimer's disease, and to treat the symptoms of Parkinson's, cardiovascular problems, gastrointestinal diseases, and even nerve gas poisoning. No other drug class can claim as long a history with so many therapeutic applications, yet the most significant developments in this broad chapter of pharmacology come from the discovery of different muscarinic receptor sites in the peripheral and central nervous system and from the availability of many new selective agents, notably antagonists, for these different receptor types. Pharmacology of Antimuscarinic Agents, written by an expert in anesthesiology and drug research, focuses on the basic principles of antimuscarinic drugs, their therapeutic value, how they work, and what versions are now available in the U.S. and abroad. This is the first time in decades an author has reviewed historical and current literature to present a comprehensive, standard reference on the antimuscarinic family.
Download or read book Cyclic Nucleotides written by P. D. Kebabian and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 907 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyclic nucleotides are intimately involved in the consequences of either stimulation or blockade of receptors; therefore, an understanding of the biochemistry of cyclic nucleotides ought to be important for pharmacologists. Pharmacology is a science that among other things investigates chemical compounds that affect the physiology of cells, tissues and organs. Frequently pharmacologists account for the effect of low concentrations of a drug upon a tissue by invoking the presence of a receptor upon the surface of the cell. Traditional pharmacologists excelled at identifying and classifying the properties of receptors. A. J. CLARK'S monograph in the earlier series of the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology (CLARK 1937) summarized the mathematics underlying the traditional pharmacological approach towards receptors. By its nature, however, classic pharmacology provided little useful information about the intracellular events occurring as a consequence of occupying a receptor; for example, ALQUIST (1948) identified the beta-adrenocep tor, but he did not provide any insight into how stimulation of the receptor produces tissue-specific physiological responses. The discovery of cyclic AMP by RALL and SUTHERLAND (see RALL, Vol. I) led to biochemical investigations of many different receptors (including ALQUIST'S beta-adrenoceptor) that share a cyclic nucleotide as a common factor in the biochemical mechanisms that translate the occupancy of receptors into physiological effects. Ten years ago, in the introduction to their monograph on cyclic nucleotides, ROBISON et al. (1971) commented on the rapid growth of interest in cyclic nucleotides over the preceding years.
Download or read book Pharmacology written by H. P. Rang and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pharmacology is now firmly established as a world wide best-selling and highly acclaimed textbook for medical and science students. Its successful approach emphasies the mechanisms by which drugs act and relates these to the overall pharmacological effects and clinical uses. It sets out for the reader a clear route from a molecular understanding of receptors and drug actions, to the therapeutic uses of the most important groups of drugs. For the Fifth Edition the text has been completely updated, incorporating significant new information published in the last few years, while obsolete material has been removed. New agents are fully discussed as well as extensions of basic knowledge which presage further drug development. Book jacket.
Download or read book The Cholinergic Synapse written by Victor P. Whittaker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most impressive works of scholarship in the field of experimental pharmacology has been the Heffter-Heubner Handbuch der experimentellen Pharmakologie, internationalized some years ago under the title Handbook 0/ Experimental Pharmacology and kept up to date by a series of numbered Ergiin zungswerke or supplementary volumes which have now replaced in importance the original Handbuch. These volumes constitute a valuable and continuously up dated multi author review series of topics important in modern pharmacology and allied sciences. The Editorial Board of the Handbook invited me 2 years ago to undertake, as subeditor, the preparation of a new volume entitled The Cholinergic Synapse. A previous volume in this series, vol. 15, Cholinesterases and Anticholinesterase Agents, edited by GEORGE KOELLE, was published in 1963 and was far wider in scope than its title suggested: it was, in fact an authoritative summing up of the whole subject of cholinergic function and still has some value today as an account of the state of the art as it was at that time. Since then another excellent review, of a specific cholinergic synapse, has appeared in this series: this was vol. 42, Neuromuscular Junction, edited by ELEANOR ZAIMIS and published in 1976. A third volume, vol. 53, Pharmacology o/Ganglionic Transmission, which appeared in 1980 and was edited by D. A. KHARKEVICH, includes important aspects of autonomic cholinergic function.
Download or read book Autonomic and Enteric Ganglia written by A.G. Karczmar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 1960s, Dr. Alexander G. Karczmar, Professor of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics at the Stritch School of Medicine of the Medical Center at Loyola University of Chicago, was confronted with a certain technical problem concerning his studies of synaptic transmission by means of microelectrode methods. He thought that the problem might be resolved if he could interest a microelectrode expert such as Dr. Kyozo Koketsu in his studies. Dr. Koketsu was a past member of the Faculty of the Kurume University School of Medicine who as a Research Fellow at the Australian National University had helped Sir John Eccles, subse quently a Nobel Prize winner, in developing microelectrode procedures. After further considering the matter, Dr. Karczmar was pleasantly sur prised to discover that by coincidence Dr. Koketsu was his neighbor, serving at that time as a Research Professor at the Neuropsychiatry Institute of the University of Illinois, College of Medicine of Chicago. This was the beginning of a long relationship, as Dr. Koketsu joined Dr. Karczmar at Loyola as Professor of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and Director of the Neurophysiology Laboratory at the Stritch School of Medicine. It was not long before Dr. Syogoro Nishi-Dr. Koketsu's former colleague on the Faculty of Medicine at Kurume University, and at that time a Research Fellow in Neurophysiology at the Rockefeller Institute in New York joined Drs. Koketsu and Karczmar at Loyola. Although in due time Drs.
Download or read book Cardiac Glycosides written by and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pharmacokinetics of digitalis glycosides have been the subject of extensive re view (IISALO, 1977; ARONSON, 1980; PERRIER et ai., 1977). Research on glycoside kinetics has progressed at a rapid pace, requiring continuing reevaluation of the state of our understanding of this problem. The present article focuses on the effect of disease states (renal, gastrointestinal, thyroid, and cardiac) on the absorption, distribution, and clearance of a number of digitalis glycosides. Evidence is critically reviewed, and interpreted with respect to possible clinical implications. A. Renal Insufficiency I. Strophanthin Strophanthin disposition in renal failure has been evaluated in only two studies. KRAMER et ai. (1970) determined an elimination half-life of 14 h in normals as com pared to 60 h in anuric patients. Similar results were reported by BRASS and Pm LIPPS (1970) using tritiated strophanthin. They found a half-life value of 18 h in healthy individuals as compared to 68 h in anuric patients. The findings clearly in dicate that the elimination half-life of strophanthin is prolonged in renal failure.
Download or read book Microbial Resistance to Drugs written by Lawrence E. Bryan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most often when the subject of antimicrobial resistance is discussed, the organizational emphasis is on individual antimicrobial agents or groups of agents. Thus we tend to see discussion of resistance to f3-lactams, tetracyclines, amino glycosides etc. In this book many of the authors were asked to emphasize the mechanism of resistance in their discussion and from that to show how susceptibility to various agents was affected. In part this was done to help emphasize the enormous contribution that the study of antimicrobial resistance has made to our understanding of fundamental physiologic and genetic processes in bacteria. When one looks back over the study of antimicrobial resistance, it is clear that it has been the birthplace of many fundamental advances in molecular biology and of an appreciation of the role of many key functions in the life of a bacterium. In addition, and hopefully to an increasing extent in the future, such study has also contributed to advances in antimicrobial chemotherapy. Through out the book resistance mechanisms have been placed in perspective as to their significance as causes of resistance to key drugs or groups of drugs. Some are of much greater significance than others in terms of the prevalence or the degree of resistance produced. Whatever their numerical significance, however, each of the mechanisms, without question, throws light on fundamental cellular processes and the way in which they interact with antimicrobial agents.
Download or read book Adrenergic Activators and Inhibitors written by and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 953 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cyclic Nucleotides written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 928 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physiology of Excitable Membranes written by J. Salánki and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physiology of Excitable Membranes contains plenary lecture and most of the papers presented at five symposia of the Section ""General Cell Physiology"" at the 28th International Congress of Physiological Sciences. Organized into 44 chapters, this book begins with a discussion on the ionic mechanisms of excitability of nerve cells. Subsequent chapters focus on charge movement in nerve membrane; calcium electrogenesis; optical changes during electrogenesis; synaptic transmission and modulation; and transmission in autonomic ganglia.
Download or read book Cyclic Nucleotides written by M. M. Appleman and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drug Therapy in Hypertension written by Jan I. M. Drayer and published by Marcel Dekker. This book was released on 1987 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
