Download or read book Perspectives in Primate Biology written by A. Chiarelli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume is the result of a NATO Advanced Study Institute held in Montaldo, Turin (Italy), between the 7 and 19 June 1972. The aim of the Study Institute has been the development of a general philosophy for the science of Primatology. Lecturers were selected from those scientists deeply involved and interested in this field. The course intended to serve students and researchers using primates in medical and biological research, but especially those interested in the natural history of the group and in human biology. In the past the study of primates was largely limited to deter mine the origin of the human species. Today, however, interest in them extends far beyond this narrow focus. In terms of both prac tical human purposes and theoretical interests, the study of primate biology and behaviour is of ever increasing importance. Their close comparative relationships with man has proved of such great value to human biology and medicine that their numbers and kinds are quickly dwindling. For this reason, one of the main focuses of the A.S.I. was on their reproductive biology and conservation. During the meeting days a broad series of lectures on specific topics of comparative anatomy, physiology, endocrinology, repro ductive physiology, genetics and molecular biology, cytogenetics and behaviour were delivered by leading primatologists.

Download or read book Reproductive Behavior written by William Montagna and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sexual compatibility between male and female partners is in dispensable to normal and successful fertilization in mammals. Thus, the genes from males and females whose sexual behavior is characterized by awkwardness, ineptness, and miscues are elimi nated from the gene pool of the species. In human societies, this compatibility is not always evident; and the behavior that precedes and accompanies copulation and fertilization is exceed ingly complex and affected by many variables. As in most other species of animals, the entire repertoire of reproductive behavior of man is not well understood by man. When viewed, discussed, or reported, the topic is too often and most unfortunately regarded as an amalgam of emotion, mysticism, and biology. In the past, such emotion-charged approaches to the biologi cal fact of reproduction did much to obfuscate the subject; and as a result, much of the array of hormonal, neural, psychological, and social variables that control and insure the successful repro duction of the human species remains even now in Victorian ignor ance. But with the recent rash of books and scientific treatises on the subject, some progress has been made in elucidating human reproduction and associated sexual behavior. However, so entrench ed are some of our social taboos that the danger still lurks of equating social acceptance of the words with an understandin- all too lacking--of the process to which they refer.

Download or read book The Biology of the Schizophrenic Process written by Stewart Wolf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the edited transcript of the second Totts Gap Colloquium, held at Totts Gap, Pennsylvania, May 29-31, 1975. The objective of the Colloquium was to bring into focus what is known of pathogenic mechanisms of schizophrenic manifestations. One hope was to differentiate among syndromes that share the fea~ tures of schizophrenia, disorganization of thought and talk, inap propriateness of affect, circumstantiality, withdrawal from social interaction, paranoid ideation, hallucinations, delusions, catelepsy, catatonic excitement or mutism, etc. What is known of the neural and chemical processes capable of inducing such aberrations was discussed with an attempt to reconcile disparate findings and in terpretations, to synthesize current evidence and to point up cru cial areas of ignorance that need exploration. The program was designed to further the objectives of the Multidisciplinary Research Program in Mental Health, of the University of Texas Medical Branch and to supplement their efforts with a well focused look at the schizophrenic process. Accordingly, Dr. Allan Goldstein, Professor of Biochemistry and Acting Director of the Multidisciplinary Re search Program in Mental Health; Dr. Bernard Haber, Associate Pro fessor of Biochemistry and Member of the Marine Biomedical Institute; and Dr. Geraldine Cohen, Assistant Professor, Department of Human Biological Chemistry and Genetics, joined in discussion with the Colloquium participants who were as follows: Dr. Mark D. Altschule, Clinical Professor, Harvard Medical School. Dr. Llewellyn B. Bigelow, Director of ~ental Health Research, St. Elizabeth's Hospital. Dr. Eugene L. Bliss, Professor and Chairman of Psychiatry, University of Utah.

Download or read book Sensory Physiology and Behavior written by Rachel Galun and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a recent book Arthur Koestler describes very cynically the superfluity of scientific meetings. He lists the various gatherings that are going to take place in one brief summer season in the Kon gresshaus of a small Swiss village, ending the long list with three interdisciplinary symposia, titles of which contain the three words "Environment", "Pollution", and "Future" in three different permu tations. By the same token, Koestler could list endlessly meetings on sensory physiology and behaviour or their synonyms, which have taken place allover the world on the national or international level in recent years. The organizing committee of the Oholo conferences was very well aware of this situation when the topic for the 19th Conference was selected. However this field is relatively new in Israel - only in the last decade were several teams established in this country to carry out combined studies on sensory physiology and behaviour. They attracted ever-increasing numbers of students of zoology, phy siology, medicine and psychology. The committee thought that the time was ripe to bring the Israeli students and scientists together with noted investigators from allover the world, to discuss and analyse the state of the art. The Conference dealt with processing of information obtained through the various senses: visual, auditory, tactile, as well as the olfactory and gastatory senses. More complex behavioural patterns were also analysed.

Download or read book Anthropological Perspectives on Aging written by Britteny M. Howell and published by University Press of Florida. This book was released on 2023-02-21 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in-depth and wide-ranging approach to the study of older adults in society Taking a holistic approach to the study of aging, this volume uses biological, archaeological, medical, and cultural perspectives to explore how older adults have functioned in societies around the globe and throughout human history. As the world’s population over 65 years of age continues to increase, this wide-ranging approach fills a growing need for both academics and service professionals in gerontology, geriatrics, and related fields. Case studies from the United States, Tibet, Turkey, China, Nigeria, and Mexico provide examples of the ways age-related changes are influenced by environmental, genetic, sociocultural, and political-economic variables. Taken together, they help explain how the experience of aging varies across time and space. These contributions from noted anthropological scholars examine evolutionary and biological understandings of human aging, the roles of elders in various societies, issues of gender and ageism, and the role of chronic illness and “successful aging” among older adults. This volume highlights how an anthropology of aging can illustrate how older adults adapt to shifting life circumstances and environments, including changes to the ways in which individuals and families care for them. The research in Anthropological Perspectives on Aging can also help researchers, students, and practitioners reach across disciplines to address age discrimination and help improve health outcomes throughout the life course.

Download or read book Environments as Therapy for Brain Dysfunction written by Roger Walsh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the 1975 Winter Conference on Brain Research a series of workshops were held to discuss the role of the sensory environment in the etiology and therapy of brain dysfunction. The participants represented a broad range of disciplines ranging from basic neuro science through human development psychology. They were linked by a common belief that the role of the sensory environment in brain dysfunction had received insufficient attention. Each had made contributions to this question in their own respective disciplines and it was hoped that this meeting would provide an opportunity for cross fertilization and synthesis. From these workshops this book evolved. Its production would have been impossible without the help of many people. Anna Taylor's flexibility allowed the holding of a larger than normal workshop, while the authors bore up well under editorial pressure to meet deadlines. Linda Coleman and Phyllis Straw provided excellent support from Plenum while Therese Linden gave editorial assistance. Valarie Munden, Rosemary Schmele, and Estelle Hoffman did an excellent job of typing. RNW was supported by a Fellowship from the Foundations' Fund for Research in Psychiatry. As always, our families provided continuous support and encouragement. To all these people and more we say thank you. Roger N. Walsh M.D., B.Med.Sc., Dip.Psychol., Ph.D. William T. Greenough, Ph.D.

Download or read book Current Catalog written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on with total page 1732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.

Download or read book National Library of Medicine Current Catalog written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 1256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.

Download or read book Neurohumoral Coding of Brain Function written by R. Myers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is indeed a pleasure to welcome all of you to this Inter national Symposium on the Neurohumoral coding of Brain Function. Many of you have undertaken a very long trip in order to cross swords with some of the most fascinating issues in all of the neurosciences. Of particular satisfaction in this instance is the geographical representation of the sciences with individuals here from Europe and the Americas - South, Central and North. As we do battle, so to speak, with each of the questions raised during the next several days, we should remember that the problems faced by each of our fields are exceptionally difficult. In a way, this difficulty stems from two related facts: (1) we are trying to construct a conceptual bridgework between one disci pline and another; and (2) the distance between the research fabric of any two of these disciplines is vast. It would probably not be unfair to say that a large number of scientists feel relatively contented in remaining within the bound aries of their own area of specialization. In a sense, that is certainly justifiable today primarily because of the intensity of such specialization. However, the participants of this symposium, who reflect some of the major thrusts in biochemistry, physiology, pharmacology and psychology, have in the main chosen to explore the pathways that cross the interface between mind and body - be tween behavior and brain.

Download or read book Neurobiology of Aging written by J. Ordy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aging is one of the most universal and inevitable social and sci entific challenges confronting man. The lives of all multicellular organisms begin with conception, extend through phases of development, maturity, senescence and finally end in death. Man is no exception, but has the unique feature of a complex brain. It plays an integra tive role in adaptation to the physical and social environments through reflexes, conditioning and more complex forms of learning. The brain is a repository for both inherited and acquired information. With the development of speech and the formation of symbolic language, the human brain has made it possible to transmit information cultur ally (horizontal) to other members of society, in addition to genetic (vertical) transmission to progeny. This horizontal transmission, which has reached its highest form in man, is a powerful extension of genetic transmission. The brain may provide man all that is of im portance in life. It has played a key role in the evolution of life by maintaining and extending the life span. Many mental or intellectual capacities of man reach a peak in early adulthood, remain relatively constant throughout maturity and then appear to decline during senescence. Behaviorally, there appears to be a decrease in sensory, learning and motor functions with aging in all mammalian species. As integrated adaptive control systems, the brain and neuroendocrines have been closely associated with the homeostatic adaptation to environmental challenges throughout .the life span.

Download or read book Neural Control of Locomotion written by Robert Herman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-04 with total page 814 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Drugs and the Developing Brain written by Antonia Vernadakis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thalidomide tragedy which occurred slightly more than a decade ago made public officials and the general public acutely aware of the teratogenic potential of drugs. Although specialists in pharmacology and developmental biology had been studying this problem many years before, this catastrophic episode triggered the passage of legislation which required that information about the teratogenicity of drugs be produced before the drugs could be available to the general public. Gross deformities in man produced by drugs are frequently difficult to reproduce in experimental animals and the changes which are produced in other animals are frequently not translatable to humans. The problem of evaluating the potential that drugs have to produce gross malformations is small, however, compared to the evaluation of subtle but permanent behavioral effects which drugs may exert upon the developing organism. Nevertheless, many experimental studies in recent years indicate that subtle biochemical changes produced by drugs on brain tissue during critical periods of fetal or early post natal maturation may become manifest subsequently as behavioral deviations in early childhood or adolescence. Hyperkinetic disorders, epilepsies and other developmental disabilities may have a subtle biochemical imbalance, perhaps drug induced, as an underlying factor. This symposium was organized with the intent of bringing to gether prominent investigators who are working in different aspects of brain development and who are interested in the effects of drugs on the developing brain in order to discuss their findings, pro pose new theories, and open new avenues for future research.

Download or read book New World Monkeys written by Alfred L. Rosenberger and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-09 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is a broad synthesis of new world monkey evolution, integrating their unique evolutionary story into the bigger picture of primate evolution and Amazon biodiversity. Capsule For more than 30 million years, New World monkeys have inhabited the forests of South and Central America. Whether these primates originally came from Africa by rafting across the Atlantic or crossing overland from North America, they soon flourished. This book tells the story of these New World monkeys. Integrating data from fossil and living animals, it explores the evolution of the three major New World monkey lineages as well as how they fit into the broader story of primate evolution and Amazon biodiversity. After providing readers with necessary background in primate taxonomy and systematics, Rosenberger shows that the notion of adaptive zones is central to our understanding of primate evolution. The idea of adaptive zones can explain how radiations evolve, morphological adaptations appear, and communities form. From here, Rosenberger synthesizes what is known about New World monkeys' unique ecological adaptations, including those involving feeding and locomotion, as well as their social behaviour. The book's concluding chapters explore theories of how primates first arrived in South America and what their future looks like given the threat of extinction. Biography Internal Use Only Alfred L. Rosenberger is Professor Emeritus of Biological Anthropology at Brooklyn College. An expert on the origin and evolution of New World Monkeys, Rosenberger has contributed numerous articles in edited volumes and his work is published in journals such as Nature, Journal of Human Evolution and American Journal of Primatology . Audience The audience for this book is scholars and graduate students in biological/physical anthropolog and primatology, and to a lesser extent conservation biology, evolutionary biology, and behavioral ecology . Rationale - no copy text Other Relevant Info - no copy text"--

Download or read book Monographic Series written by Library of Congress and published by . This book was released on with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Building Babies written by Kathryn B.H. Clancy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-27 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ontogeny of each individual contributes to the physical, physiological, cognitive, neurobiological, and behavioral capacity to manage the complex social relationships and diverse foraging tasks that characterize the primate order. For these reasons Building Babies explores the dynamic multigenerational processes of primate development. The book is organized thematically along the developmental trajectory:conception, pregnancy, lactation, the mother-infant dyad, broader social relationships, and transitions to independence. In this volume, the authors showcase the myriad approaches to understanding primate developmental trajectories from both proximate and ultimate perspectives. These collected chapters provide insights from experimental manipulations in captive settings to long-term observations of wild-living populations and consider levels of analysis from molecule to organism to social group to taxon. Strepsirrhines, New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, apes, and humans are all well-represented. Contributions by anthropologists, microbiologists, psychologists, population geneticists, and other primate experts provide Building Babies a uniquely diverse voice. Building Babies features multi- and trans-disciplinary research approaches to primate developmental trajectories and is particularly useful for researchers and instructors in anthropology, animal behavior, psychology, and evolutionary biology. This book also serves as a supplement to upper-level undergraduate courses or graduate seminars on primate life history and development. In these contexts, the book provides exposure to a wide range of methodological and theoretical perspectives on developmental trajectories and models how researchers might productively integrate such approaches into their own work.

Download or read book Primate Evolution and Human Origins written by Russell L. Ciochon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Primate Evolution and Human Origins compiles, for the first time, the major ideas and publications that have shaped our current view of the evolutionary biology of the primates and the origin of the human line. Designed for freshmen-to-graduate students in anthropology, paleontology, and biology, the book is a unique collection of classic papers, culled from the past 20 years of research. It is also an important reference for academicians and researchers, as it covers the entire scope of primate and human evolution (with an emphasis on the fossil record). A comprehensive bibliography cites over 2000 significant articles not found in the main text.

Download or read book Introduction to the Primates written by Daris R. Swindler and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2012-09-20 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to the Primates is a comprehensive but compact guide to the long evolutionary history of the world’s prosimians, monkeys, and apes, and to the much shorter history of humankind’s interactions with them, from our earliest recorded observations to the severe threats we now pose to their survival. Daris Swindler provides a detailed description of the major primate groups and their environments, from the smallest lemurs of Madagascar to the gorillas of central Africa. He compares and contrasts the primate species, looking at each with a specific anatomical focus. The range of diversity emerges as the particular characteristics of the species becomes increasingly distinct. Swindler also considers primate behavior and its close connections with environment and evolutionary differences. His account of 65 million years of successful adaptation and evolution demonstrates the drama of paleontology as evidence accrues and gaps in the history of primate evolution gradually close.