Download or read book The Distribution of Personal Income written by T. Paul Schultz and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Distribution of Personal Income written by United States. Congress. Economic Joint Committee and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Income Distribution in the United States by Size written by United States. Office of Business Economics and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling Income Distributions and Lorenz Curves written by Duangkamon Chotikapanich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-16 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jean-Jacques Rousseau wrote in the Preface to his famous Discourse on Inequality that “I consider the subject of the following discourse as one of the most interesting questions philosophy can propose, and unhappily for us, one of the most thorny that philosophers can have to solve. For how shall we know the source of inequality between men, if we do not begin by knowing mankind?” (Rousseau, 1754). This citation of Rousseau appears in an article in Spanish where Dagum (2001), in the memory of whom this book is published, also cites Socrates who said that the only useful knowledge is that which makes us better and Seneca who wrote that knowing what a straight line is, is not important if we do not know what rectitude is. These references are indeed a good illustration of Dagum’s vast knowledge, which was clearly not limited to the ?eld of Economics. For Camilo the ?rst part of Rousseau’s citation certainly justi?ed his interest in the ?eld of inequality which was at the centre of his scienti?c preoccupations. It should however be stressed that for Camilo the second part of the citation represented a “solid argument in favor of giving macroeconomic foundations to microeconomic behavior” (Dagum, 2001). More precisely, “individualism and methodological holism complete each other in contributing to the explanation of individual and social behavior” (Dagum, 2001).
Download or read book Personal Income Distribution written by J.A. Hartog and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Het is mogelijk dat het orimogelijk is om iets nieuwer enjuister te zeggen, maar over al het geschrevene daalt het stof der tijden neer, en ik peins daarom dat het goed is als er om de 10 jaar een andere een kruis trekt over al die oude dingen, en de wereld-van-vandaag opnieuw uitspreekt 1 met andere woorden.-Louis Paul Boon (1972) 1.1 THE PROBLEM The distribution of labor incomes is a problem with two aspects, each of which has received ample attention in the literature. The first aspect relates to the shape of the frequency distribution of individuals according to their (labor) incomes. Analytical contributions include the so-called stochastic theories of income dis tribution, such as Gibrat's law of proportionate effect, Champernowne's and Rutherford's Markov-chain models, and Pigou's puzzle. The question is, If abil ities are normally distributed, why should the distribution of incomes deviate from this shape? This deviation is the basic fact that these theories explain: in come distributions, whatever the time and place of observation, are positively skewed. 2 CHAPTER 1 The second aspect of the distribution of labor incomes is the problem of wage differentials: why do wages differ, why do all workers not earn the same wage? This question has been a standard problem ever since Adam Smith dealt with it.
Download or read book Aspects of personal income distribution written by Gertruida Maria Hartzenberg and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Dynamics of Personal Income Distribution and Inequality in the United States written by Ivan Kitov and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We model the evolution of age-dependent personal income distribution and inequality as expressed by the Gini ratio. In our framework, inequality is an emergent property of a theoretical model we develop for the dynamics of individual incomes. The model relates the evolution of personal income to the individual's capability to earn money, the size of her work instrument, her work experience and aggregate output growth. Our model is calibrated to the single-year population cohorts as well as the personal incomes data in 10- and 5-year age bins available from March Current Population Survey (CPS). We predict the dynamics of personal incomes for every single person in the working-age population in the USA between 1930 and 2011. The model output is then aggregated to construct annual age-dependent and overall personal income distributions (PID) and to compute the Gini ratios. The latter are predicted very accurately - up to 3 decimal places. We show that Gini for people with income is approximately constant since 1930, which is confirmed empirically. Because of the increasing proportion of people with income between 1947 and 1999, the overall Gini reveals a tendency to decline slightly with time. The age-dependent Gini ratios have different trends. For example, the group between 55 and 64 years of age does not demonstrate any decline in the Gini ratio since 2000. In the youngest age group (from 15 to 24 years), however, the level of income inequality increases with time. We also find that in the latter cohort the average income decreases relatively to the age group with the highest mean income. Consequently, each year it is becoming progressively harder for young people to earn a proportional share of the overall income.
Download or read book Personal Income Distribution written by Wilhelm Krelle and published by North-Holland. This book was released on 1978 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conference report on theory and practice of income distribution, with particular reference to the Netherlands, UK and socialist countries - covers measurement (incl. Econometric models) of income inequality, the effect of collective bargaining on wages, and examines incomes policy in general, etc. Bibliography after each chapter, graphs and statistical tables. List of participants. Conference held in noordwijk aan zee 1977 April 18 to 23.
Download or read book The Personal Distribution of Income in an International Perspective written by Richard Hauser and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Irene Becker and Richard Hauser "Bringing Income Distribution in From The Cold" was the title Anthony B. Atkinson gave his Presidential Address to the Royal Economic Society in 1996. This provocative formulation was intended to draw attention to the way in which the subject of income distribution long has been marginalised in the field of economics (Atkinson 1997). In recent years, however, scientific interest in matters of personal income distribution has been growing. One reason for this recent concern stems from the political sphere: The factors of reinforced competition between countries due to the globalisation of markets and European integration, high unemployment rates and demographic changes necessitate reforms of labour markets, tax systems and social security systems. These reforms will affect both allocation and distribution, so that reliable information on both areas is needed to devise balanced political programs. Another reason for the burgeoning literature on personal income distribution is the improved availability of data on individual income, which are a major prerequisite for detailed analyses of distribution topics. Last but not least, the development of powerful computers, advanced statistics, econometric packages and extended micro-simulation models enables researchers both to work with huge individual data sets to describe and explain the personal distribution of income and to simulate the effects of political (social and economic) programs. The volume at hand is based on some of the research advances in this field during the last decade.
Download or read book A Graphical Analysis of Personal Income Distribution in the United States written by Mary Jean Bowman and published by . This book was released on 1945 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Systems Theory of Personal Income Distribution written by M. J. H. Mogridge and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Distribution of Personal Income in the United Kingdom 1949 1963 written by Thomas Stark and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1972-03-23 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic research study of income distribution in the UK from 1949 to 1963 - includes a description of the research method and econometrics model used, analyses statistical tables on personal income (incl. Capital gains, fringe benefits, etc.) and concludes that there has been a movement towards a more equitable distribution. References.
Download or read book Personal Income Distribution by Size in Less Developed Countries written by Glen Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanics of Personal Income Distribution written by Ivan Kitov and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-01-06 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The processes behind distribution of personal incomes and related measures of inequality have always been in the center of political and economic discussions. We have developed a microeconomic model which accurately describes the shape of personal income distribution (PID), as estimated in the Current Population Surveys. The model predicts the age-dependent PIDs as a function of real economic growth and demography. The underlying physical concept was borrowed from geo-mechanics. Our approach serves as a firm basis for definitions of income inequality. Officials, both government and financial, might be interested in the projections of poverty levels and mean incomes. For economists, the model provides a new tool of quantitative research. For the broader scientific community, the model links economics to hard sciences. All readers may estimate the probability to get rich depending on age and current income.
Download or read book Personal Income Distribution written by Joop Hartog and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Distribution of Personal Income in Agriculture dependent Counties of Midwestern States written by Gary Goreham and published by North Central Regional Cent Te University. This book was released on 1990 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant social, demographic, and economic changes have occurred in the North Central states since 1960. This document examines structural and policy variables related to distribution of income, during the years 1960-80 in the 397 counties defined as agriculture-dependent in 13 North Central states. Personal income distribution has been explained by four types of theories: stochastic, personal characteristic, regional endowment, and development. These theories were integrated into a single working model for empirical analysis. A regression model was developed that included five structural variables and five policy variables. Correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the degree to which variables were related to income distribution (Gini-ratio) in 1960, 1970, and 1980. The relative influence of county structural endowments and social and economic policies on income inequalities differed in each census year, shifting from policy variables as most influential in 1960 to structural variables as slightly more influential in 1980. Income distribution was related to retirement benefits and education levels (see pages 37-42) in all three census years; and to unemployment benefits, county government expenditures, proportion of commercial farms, and manufacturing employment in two out of three years. This report contains 70 references and 21 data tables and graphs. (SV)
Download or read book Distribution of Personal Income A Study of Statistics on the Size Distribution of Personal Income in the U S written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee. Subcommittee on Economic Statistics and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By T. Paul Schultz.
